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Anatomy Test 2
The Skeletal System 2 (Appendicular division - pectoral, pelvic, upper and lower limbs)
17
Anatomy
Graduate
10/21/2008

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Cards

Term
  1. pectoral girdle
  2. pelvic girdle

 

Definition
  1. attaches the upper limbs to the trunk
  2. attaches the lower limbs to the trunk
Term
Pectoral Girdle
Definition
  • consists of the clavicle and the scapula
  • clavicle extends horizontally across the superior thorax
  • scapula lies on the dorsal (back) surface of the rib cage between ribs 2 - 7
Term
Upper Limb
Definition
  • comprised of 30 bones per limb
  • grouped into bones of the arm, forearm, and hand
Term
Arm
Definition
  • region between shoulder and elbow
  • humerus - only bone in the arm; longest and strongest of upper limb
  • articulates with the scapula at the shoulder and the radius and ulna at the elbow
Term
Forearm
Definition
  • formed from the radius (articulates with wrist joint for movement) and ulna (forms elbow joint with humerus)
  • radius and ulna articulate with each other and there is the interosseous membrane between them
  • in anatomical position, the radius is lateral and the ulna is medial
Term
Hand
Definition
  1. carpus (wrist) - 8 bones - Sally Left The Party To Take Carmen Home
  2. metacarpal (palm) - 5 with 3 phalanges each except for thumb (or pollex)
  3. phalanges (fingers) - 3 parts are proximal, middle and distal 
Term
Pelvic Girdle
Definition
  • attaches lower limbs to spine
  • lower limbs have less movement but more stability than the upper limbs
  • consists of coxal bones (hip), sacrum and coccyx
Term
Coxal Bones
Definition
  1. ilium  -  large, flaring bone at top
  2. ischium  -  bottom-most bone
  3. pubis  -  above the ischium
Term
Differences between male and female pelvis
Definition
  • female's is wider, lighter, shallower, more movable (adapted for childbearing)
  • male's is narrower, longer, deeper, less movable
Term
Lower Limb
Definition
  • carries the entire weight of the erect body
  • bones are thicker and stronger than upper limb
  • divided into 3 segments: thigh, leg, foot
Term
Thigh
Definition
  • region between hip and knee
  • femur - single bone of thigh; longest and strongest bone of the body
Term
Patella
Definition
  • protects the knee
Term
Leg
Definition
  • region between knee and ankle
  • composed of 2 bones: tibia and fibula
  • tibia - more massive bone; receives weight from femur
  • fibula - stick-like bone
  • interoosseous membrane connects the two
Term
Foot
Definition
  • composed of tarsus, metatarsus, phalanges
  • supports body weight
  • acts as lever to induce walking
  • segmentation allows for adaptation to uneven ground
Term
  1. Tarsus
  2. Metatarsus
  3. Phalanges
Definition
  1. contains 7 bones called tarsals
  2. contains 5 bones called metatarsals (big toe or hallux is # 1)
  3. contains 14 phalanges (big toe has only 2 phalanges compared to the rest that have 3 each)  - proximal, middle and distal
Term
3 Arches of the Foot
Definition
  • medial arch
  • lateral longitudinal arch
  • transverse arch
Term
Disorders of the Appendicular Skeleton
Definition
  1. Bone fractures
  2. Hip dyplasia  (head of the femur slips out of place)
  3. Clubfoot  (soles of the feet turn inward)
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