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Anatomy Test 1-Scapula & Shoulder
Scapula & Shoulder
14
Anatomy
Graduate
09/21/2011

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Cards

Term
How is the scapula attached to the trunk?
Definition
- Clavicle (AC joint)
- Muscular attachments
Term
What extrinsic muscle(s) of the scapula elevates the scapula?
Definition
- Levator scapulae
- Upper trap
- Rhomboids
Term
What are the four rotator cuff muscles?
Definition
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Subscapularis
- Teres minor
Term
Which of the rotator cuff muscles medial rotates the shoulder joint?
Definition
Subscapularis
Term
In addition to movement of the shoulder joint, what is a key function of the rotator cuff muscles?
Definition
To “grasp” and pull the humeral head medially, holding it against the glenoid cavity
Term
What nerve innervates the infraspinatus muscle?
Definition
Suprascapular nerve (C4-C6)
Term
If the nerve in #6 is damaged, what movement(s) of the shoulder would be affected?
Definition
External rotation; initiation of ABD due to the suprascapular nerve also innervating the supraspinatus muscle
Term
In abducting the arm, what muscle raises the arm to the horizontal position? What nerve is involved?
Definition
- Supraspinatus (initiates movement) – suprascapular nerve (C4-C6)

- Deltoid (most powerful) – Axillary nerve
Term
How is the arm raised above the horizontal position?
Definition
- Must externally rotate the shoulder to allow for full ABD

- Serratus anterior muscle upwardly rotates the scapula (prime mover)

- Trapezius assist slightly so glenoid points upward
Term
Rotator cuff injuries most commonly involve which rotator cuff muscle or tendon?
Definition
- Supraspinatus muscle – due to narrowness of the subacromial space and overuse
Term
Which are the boundaries of the quadrangular space?
Definition
- Teres minor, long head of tri, surgical neck of humerus, teres major
Term
What vessel is found in the triangular interval?
Definition
Profunda brachii artery
Term
At what joint does separation of the shoulder occur? What ligaments are often torn?
Definition
- Acromioclavicular (AC) joint

- Acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligaments (trapezoid & conoid)
Term
How is the clavicle often broken?
Definition
- FOOSA
- Fall directly on the shoulder
- Weakest part is junction between middle and lateral thirds
- Distal end and upper limb drops
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