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Anatomy Terminology
Basic Anatomical Terminology
41
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/30/2010

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Term
Anatomical Position
Definition
Body erect, Face front, Upper limbs at sides, Plms facing forward, Lowerlimbs Parallel, Feet slightly apart.
Term
What are the two regions of the body?
Definition
Axial Region & Appendicular Region
Term
Portions of the Axial Region?
Definition
Head and Neck, Thorax, Abdomen, Pelvis
Term
Portions of the Appendicular Region?
Definition
Upper Limb (arm, forearm, hand)

Lower Limb (thigh, leg, foot)
Term
What makes up the Appendicular Girdles?
Definition
Pectoral Girdle - Scapula, Clavicle

Pelvic Girdle - Pelvic bones, Sacrum
Term
2 Main Body Cavities?
Definition
Dorsal Cavity

Ventral Cavity
Term
Components of the Dorsal Cavity
Definition
- Protects the CNS
- Cranial cavity
- Vertebral cavity
Term
Sagittal Plane
Definition
Divides Right from Left. (not down the middle)
Term
Median Plane
Definition
Divides into equal right and left portions. aka (mid-sagittal)
Term
Frontal Plane aka Coronal plane
Definition
Divides front from back.
Term
Transverse Plane aka (Axial Plane)
Definition
Divides top from bottom
Term
Superior
Definition
Toward the head
Term
Inferior
Definition
Toward the feet
Term
Anterior
Definition
Toward the front of the body
Term
Posterior
Definition
Toward the back of the body
Term
Medial
Definition
Toward the median plane ( Middle of the body)
Term
Lateral
Definition
Away from the median plane ( Away from the middle of the body)
Term
What are proximal and distal?
Definition
When referring to limbs, Proximal means nearer the trunk of the body. Distal means away from the trunk of the body.
Term
Superficial
Definition
Structures that are superior or above. (Ex. Skin is superficial to the skeleton)
Term
Deep
Definition
Structures beneath another structure(s). (Ex. Skeleton is Deep to the skin)
Term
Bilateral
Definition
Both right and left sides
Term
Unilateral
Definition
occurring only on one side of the body (Ex. Spleen)
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
Found on the same side of the body.
Term
Contralateral
Definition
Structures of opposite sides of the body.
Term
Flexion
Definition
Decreases the angle between two bones
Term
Extension
Definition
increases the angle between two bones
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
decreases the angle between the foot and the leg
Term
Plantarflexion
Definition
standing on the toes
Term
ABduction
Definition
moving away from the median plane. (Ex. moving limb away from the trunk of the body)
Term
ADduction
Definition
moving the upper limb back toward the median plan.
Term
Pronation
Definition
palm of the hand faces posterior
Term
Supination
Definition
palm of the hand faces anterior as in anatomical position
Term
Eversion
Definition
elevation of the lateral edge of the foot (Ex. the sole of the foot faces laterally)
Term
Inversion
Definition
elevation of the medial edge of the foot (Ex. the sole of the foot faces medially)
Term
Circumduction
Definition
360 degree movement. (Shoulder and Hip) Ball and Socket joints.
Term
Rotation
Definition
movement of a body part around its long axis (Ex. movement of the upper limb at the shoulder joint)
Term
Medial Rotation
Definition
turning the anterior surface of the upper limb toward the midline of the body.
Term
Lateral rotation
Definition
turning the anterior surface of the upper limb away from the midline of the body.
Term
Elevation
Definition
moves a part of the body superiorly.
Term
Depression
Definition
moves a part of the body inferiorly
Term
Opposition
Definition
the touching of the thumb to the terminal pads of the fingers.
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