Term
| Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
| Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Peroneus tertius, Extensor Digitorum Longus |
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Term
| Which muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
Peroneus Longus
Peroneus Brevis |
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Term
| Which muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
Gastrocnemius
Soleus
Plantaris |
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Term
| Which muscles are in the deep posterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
Tibialis posterior
Flexor Hallucis longus
Flexor digitorum longus |
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Term
| What is the innvervation for the deep posterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
| Superficial peroneal nerve |
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Term
| Which nerve supplies the superficial posterior compartment of the leg? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the actions of tibialis anterior? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the actions of tibialis posterior? |
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Definition
Plantar flexion
Inversion |
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Term
| What are the actions of peroneus longus and peroneus brevis? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the muscles from anterior to posterior, going behind the medial malleolus and the tibial nerve |
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Definition
Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus
*deep posterior compartment of the leg* |
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Term
| Which tendons, if palpated from the medial side across the dorsum of the ankle will you find? (medial to lateral) |
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Definition
Tibialis anterior
Extensor hallucis longus
Extensor digitorum longus |
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Term
| What is the reference point for adduction and abduction of the hand? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the action of the dorsal interossei? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the action of the plantar interossei |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the actions of the lumbricals |
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Definition
Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints
Extension of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints
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Term
| Describe the shape of the clavicle |
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Definition
Convex medially-anteriorly
Concave laterally-anteriorly
*Flatten laterally* |
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Term
| What is an aka for the medial border of the scapula? |
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Definition
| Medial border aka vertebral border |
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Term
| What is the root of the scapula? |
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Definition
| Root of the scapula: Medial aspect of the spine of the scapula |
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Term
| Describe what is retraction? |
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Definition
| Retraction: medial borders of the scapula moving closer to the midline of the body |
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Term
| What is the reference point for movement of the scapula? |
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Definition
The glenoid fossa
*Upward rotation = glenoid fossa moves superiorly, inferior end moves laterally* |
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Term
| What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint? |
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Definition
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Term
When abducting your arm, your humerus externally rotates in order to clear a structure. Which structure is that?
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Definition
Coracoacromial arch
*Arm abduction: humerus externally rotates in order for the greater tubercle to clear coracoacromial arch*
*90o before you have to externally rotate* |
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Term
| What is the landmark on the humeral shaft about midshaft, on the lateral side? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A movement happening equally between flexion and abduction (in the sagittal and coronal plane)
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Term
| What is scapulo-humeral rythm? |
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Definition
0-15o = 1o:O (humerus moves but no movement at scapula)
15-120o = 2o of movement of humerus: 1o of movement at scapula
120o-full abduction = 1:1 ratio of scapula (1o humerus moving:1o scapula upwardly rotating)
*movement of scapula is upward rotation* |
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Term
| What is the glenoid labrum? |
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Definition
Glenoid labrum: fibrocartilaginous lip of tissue surrounding the glenoid fossa, functionning to deepen the socket to make the head of the humerus more stable in the glenoid fossa
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Term
What structure is defined as a weak spot in the GH joint capsule on the inferior and anterior aspect, where anterior and inferior dislocation of the GH joint is most common?
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Definition
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Term
Which bursae are used to reduce friction in the foramen of Weitbrecht?
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Definition
| Subdeltoid and subacromial bursa |
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Term
| What are the actions of upper trapezius with fixed head and neck? |
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Definition
| Scapular elevation and upward rotation |
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Term
| What are the actions of the upper trapezius with a fixed scapula? |
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Definition
Ispilateral lateral flexion
Contralateral rotation
Neck extension BL |
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Term
| What are the actions of middle trapezius? Where do middle trapezius attach medially? |
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Definition
Scapular retraction
Medial Attachment
C7-T5 SP
*share common medial attachments with rhomboids* |
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Term
| What are the actions of the lower trapezius? |
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Definition
Upward rotation of the scapula
Depression of the scapula |
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Term
| What are the attachments of latissimus dorsi? |
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Definition
Medial attachment: T6-T2 SPs
Inferior attachment: Thoracolumbar fascia -iliac crest
Lateral attachment: Floor of bicipital groove of the humerus
*LADY BETWEEN TWO MAJOR* |
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Term
| What are the actions of latissimus dorsi? What other muscle shares the same actions? |
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Definition
GH joint Extension
GH joint Internal rotation
GH joint Adduction
*teres major and lat. dorsi both share the same actions*
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Term
| What are the actions of the rhomboids? |
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Definition
Downward rotation of the scapula
Retraction of the scapula
Elevation of the scapula |
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Term
| What are the actions of levator scapula? |
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Definition
Neck extension BL
Ipsilateral lateral flexion
Ipsilateral rotation
Downward rotation of the scapula
Elevation of the scapula |
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Term
| What are the actions of pectoralis major? |
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Definition
Internal rotation
Adduction
Horizontal adduction
*flexion from deep extension*
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Term
| What are the actions of pectoralis minor? |
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Definition
Assist in forced inhalation
Elevate ribs 3-5 (with fixed scapula)
Protraction of scapula
Depression of scapula
Downward rotation of scapula |
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Term
| What will you see with a tight pectoralis minor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What will you see with a weak serratus anterior? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the actions of serratus anterior? |
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Definition
Protraction of the scapula
Lower fibres: Upward rotation of the scapula |
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Term
| What are the actions of the deltoids? |
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Definition
All fibres: Abduction
Anterior fibres: internal rotation and horizontal adduction and flexion
Posterior fibres: external rotation and horizontal abduction and extension |
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Term
| Which muscles make up the rotator cuff? |
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Definition
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Subscapularis |
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Term
| Which of the rotator cuff muscles does external rotation? |
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Definition
| Teres minor and Infraspinatus |
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Term
| Which of the rotator cuff muscles does internal rotation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the rotator cuff muscles does abduction? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the actions of Teres Major? |
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Definition
GH joint internal rotation
GH joint extension
GH joint adduction |
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Term
| Name the distal attachment for biceps brachii |
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Definition
Bicipital aponeurosis
Radial tuberosity of the radius |
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Term
| What attaches to the ulnar tuberosity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What attaches to the coronoid process? |
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Definition
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Term
| What type of joint is the distal radio-ulnar joint? |
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Definition
Pivot
*proximal radio-ulnar joint is also pivot* |
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Term
| What are the attachments of coracobrachialis? |
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Definition
| Coracoid process → medial midshaft of humerus |
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Term
| What are the actions of coracobrachialis? |
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Definition
GH joint adduction
GH joint flexion |
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Term
| What are the actions of biceps? |
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Definition
Long head: GH joint flexion and elbow flexion
Short head: Elbow flexion
*supination if in a position of pronation* |
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Term
| When is biceps brachii strongest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the actions of brachialis? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is brachialis strongest? |
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Definition
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Term
| When is brachioradialis strongest? |
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Definition
| In neutral, in relation to pronation and supination |
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