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Anatomy T2
Term 1 review
61
Anatomy
Not Applicable
08/13/2011

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Cards

Term
Which muscles are in the anterior compartment of the leg?
Definition
Tibialis anterior, Extensor hallucis longus, Peroneus tertius, Extensor Digitorum Longus
Term
Which muscles are in the lateral compartment of the leg?
Definition

Peroneus Longus

Peroneus Brevis

Term
Which muscles are in the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
Definition

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Plantaris

Term
Which muscles are in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Definition

Tibialis posterior

Flexor Hallucis longus

Flexor digitorum longus

Term
What is the innvervation for the deep posterior compartment of the leg?
Definition
Tibial nerve
Term
Which nerve supplies the anterior compartment of the leg?
Definition
Deep peroneal nerve
Term
Which nerve supplies the lateral compartment of the leg?
Definition
Superficial peroneal nerve
Term
Which nerve supplies the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?
Definition
Tibial nerve
Term
What are the actions of tibialis anterior?
Definition

Dorsiflexion

Inversion

Term
What are the actions of tibialis posterior?
Definition

Plantar flexion

Inversion

Term
What are the actions of peroneus longus and peroneus brevis?
Definition

Eversion

Plantar flexion

Term
Name the muscles from anterior to posterior, going behind the medial malleolus and the tibial nerve
Definition

Tibialis posterior

Flexor digitorum longus

Flexor hallucis longus

*deep posterior compartment of the leg*

Term
Which tendons, if palpated from the medial side across the dorsum of the ankle will you find? (medial to lateral)
Definition

Tibialis anterior

Extensor hallucis longus

Extensor digitorum longus

Term
What is the reference point for adduction and abduction of the hand?
Definition
The 3rd finger
Term
Name the action of the dorsal interossei?
Definition
Abduction of the fingers
Term
Name the action of the plantar interossei
Definition
Adduction of the fingers
Term
Name the actions of the lumbricals
Definition

Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints

Extension of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

 

Term
Describe the shape of the clavicle
Definition

Convex medially-anteriorly

Concave laterally-anteriorly

*Flatten laterally*

Term
What is an aka for the medial border of the scapula?
Definition
Medial border aka vertebral border
Term
What is the root of the scapula?
Definition
Root of the scapula: Medial aspect of the spine of the scapula
Term
Describe what is retraction?
Definition
Retraction: medial borders of the scapula moving closer to the midline of the body
Term
What is the reference point for movement of the scapula?
Definition

The glenoid fossa

*Upward rotation = glenoid fossa moves superiorly, inferior end moves laterally*

Term
What type of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?
Definition
saddle joint
Term
What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint?
Definition
plane joint
Term

When abducting your arm, your humerus externally rotates in order to clear a structure.  Which structure is that?

 

Definition

Coracoacromial arch

*Arm abduction: humerus externally rotates in order for the greater tubercle to clear coracoacromial arch*

*90o before you have to externally rotate*

Term
What is the landmark on the humeral shaft about midshaft, on the lateral side?
Definition
Detoid tuberosity
Term
What is scaption?
Definition

A movement happening equally between flexion and abduction (in the sagittal and coronal plane)

 

Term
What is scapulo-humeral rythm?
Definition

0-15o = 1o:O (humerus moves but no movement at scapula)

15-120o = 2o of movement of humerus: 1o of movement at scapula

120o-full abduction = 1:1 ratio of scapula (1o humerus moving:1o scapula upwardly rotating)

*movement of scapula is upward rotation*

Term
What is the glenoid labrum?
Definition

Glenoid labrum: fibrocartilaginous lip of tissue surrounding the glenoid fossa, functionning to deepen the socket to make the head of the humerus more stable in the glenoid fossa

 

Term

What structure is defined as a weak spot in the GH joint capsule on the inferior and anterior aspect, where anterior and inferior dislocation of the GH joint is most common?

 

Definition
Foramen of Weitbrecht?
Term

Which bursae are used to reduce friction in the foramen of Weitbrecht?

 

Definition
Subdeltoid and subacromial bursa
Term
What are the actions of upper trapezius with fixed head and neck?
Definition
Scapular elevation and upward rotation
Term
What are the actions of the upper trapezius with a fixed scapula?
Definition

Ispilateral lateral flexion

Contralateral rotation

Neck extension BL

Term
What are the actions of middle trapezius? Where do middle trapezius attach medially?
Definition

Scapular retraction

Medial Attachment

C7-T5 SP

*share common medial attachments with rhomboids*

Term
What are the actions of the lower trapezius?
Definition

Upward rotation of the scapula

Depression of the scapula

Term
What are the attachments of latissimus dorsi?
Definition

Medial attachment: T6-T2  SPs

Inferior attachment: Thoracolumbar fascia -iliac crest

Lateral attachment: Floor of bicipital groove of the humerus

*LADY BETWEEN TWO MAJOR*

Term
What are the actions of latissimus dorsi? What other muscle shares the same actions?
Definition

GH joint Extension

GH joint Internal rotation

GH joint Adduction

 

*teres major and lat. dorsi both share the same actions*

 

 

Term
What are the actions of the rhomboids?
Definition

Downward rotation of the scapula

Retraction of the scapula

Elevation of the scapula

Term
What are the actions of levator scapula?
Definition

Neck extension BL

Ipsilateral lateral flexion

Ipsilateral rotation

Downward rotation of the scapula

Elevation of the scapula

Term
What are the actions of pectoralis major?
Definition

Internal rotation

Adduction

Horizontal adduction

*flexion from deep extension*

 

Term
What are the actions of pectoralis minor?
Definition

Assist in forced inhalation

Elevate ribs 3-5 (with fixed scapula)

Protraction of scapula

Depression of scapula

Downward rotation of scapula

Term
What will you see with a tight pectoralis minor?
Definition
Tipping of the scapula
Term
What will you see with a weak serratus anterior?
Definition
Winging of the scapula
Term
What are the actions of serratus anterior?
Definition

Protraction of the scapula

Lower fibres: Upward rotation of the scapula

Term
What are the actions of the deltoids?
Definition

All fibres: Abduction

Anterior fibres: internal rotation and horizontal adduction and flexion

Posterior fibres: external rotation and horizontal abduction and extension

Term
Which muscles make up the rotator cuff?
Definition

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

Term
Which of the rotator cuff muscles does external rotation?
Definition
Teres minor and Infraspinatus
Term
Which of the rotator cuff muscles does internal rotation?
Definition
Subscapularis
Term
Which of the rotator cuff muscles does abduction?
Definition
Supraspinatus
Term
What are the actions of Teres Major?
Definition

GH joint internal rotation

GH joint extension

GH joint adduction

Term
Name the distal attachment for biceps brachii
Definition

Bicipital aponeurosis

Radial tuberosity of the radius

Term
What attaches to the ulnar tuberosity?
Definition
Brachialis
Term
What attaches to the coronoid process?
Definition

Pronator teres

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Term
What type of joint is the distal radio-ulnar joint?
Definition

Pivot

*proximal radio-ulnar joint is also pivot*

Term
What are the attachments of coracobrachialis?
Definition
Coracoid process → medial midshaft of humerus
Term
What are the actions of coracobrachialis?
Definition

GH joint adduction

GH joint flexion

Term
What are the actions of biceps?
Definition

Long head: GH joint flexion and elbow flexion

Short head: Elbow flexion

*supination if in a position of pronation*

Term
When is biceps brachii strongest?
Definition
In supination
Term
What are the actions of brachialis?
Definition
Elbow flexion
Term
When is brachialis strongest?
Definition
In pronation
Term
When is brachioradialis strongest?
Definition
In neutral, in relation to pronation and supination
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