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Anatomy Stomach, Liver, Bilary Ducts, Spleen, Celiac Trunk
KYCOM Block 2
148
Anatomy
Graduate
09/09/2012

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Cards

Term
what canal is the stomach part of
Definition
the alimentary canal
Term
in what regions is the stmach located
Definition
hpyochondriac, epigastric, umbilical
Term
what is anterior to the stomach
Definition
lower ribs and costal cartilages
Term
what is the function of the stomach
Definition
store food, mix food with gastric secretions, form chyme, control rate of delivery to the small intestines
Term
what is chyme
Definition
a mixture of food and gastric secretions in a semi fluid mass made in the stomach
Term
what are the surfaces of the stomach
Definition
anterior and posterior
Term
what are the borders of the stomach
Definition
lesser and greater curvatures
Term
what is the angular notch
Definition
indentation in the lower part of the lesser curvature of the stomach
Term
what is another name of the angular notch
Definition
incisura angularis
Term
what are the orifaces of the stomach
Definition
cardiac and pyloric
Term
what does the cardiac oriface connect
Definition
stomach to esophagus
Term
what does the pyloric oriface connect
Definition
stomach to duodenum
Term
where is the cardiac notch of the stomach located
Definition
indentation to the left of the cardiac oriface between the left border of the esophagus and the fundus of the stomach makes a bubble
Term
what is the pyloric sphincter
Definition
circular muscle around the pyloric oriface
Term
what are the parts of the stomach
Definition
cardia, fundus, body, antrum, pylorus
Term
how can you tell the parts of the stomach apart
Definition
you can't their borders are not well defined
Term
where is the cardia
Definition
are of the stomach immediatly adjacent to the cardiac oriface
Term
where is the fundus
Definition
done shaped area of the upper stomach what sits above the esophagus
Term
what marks the inferior border of the fundus
Definition
horizontal line across the stomach begining at the cardiac notch
Term
where is the body of the stomach
Definition
from the cardiac notch to the angular notch, begins at esophagus and below
Term
where is the antrum
Definition
from the angular notch to the pylors, more tubular than body
Term
where is the pylorus
Definition
the most tubular part of the stomach that contains the pyloric sphincter and pyloric canal
Term
where does the abdominal aorta begin
Definition
T12 at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm
Term
describe the location of the abdominal aorta
Definition
anterior to the lumbar vertebra, posterior to the peritoneum
Term
where does the abdominal aorta end
Definition
L4 when it divides into the right and left common iliac arteries
Term
in regards to the peritoneum covering, what kind of structure is the abdominal aorta, why
Definition
retroperitoneal, because it is posterior to the peritoneum
Term
what branches off the abdominal aorta
Definition
L. R. common iliac, visceral branches, parietal branches, caliac trunk
Term
what are the two types of visceral branchs that come off the abdominal aorta
Definition
paired and unpaired
Term
what are the unpaird visceral branches
Definition
celiac trunk, superior mesenteric A., inferior mesenteric A.
Term
what are the paired visceral branches
Definition
middle suprarenal AA, renal AA, ovarian / testicular AA
Term
what are the two types of parietal branches of the abdominal aorta
Definition
paired and unpaired
Term
what are the unpaired parietal branches
Definition
median sacral A
Term
what are the paired parietal branches
Definition
inferior phrenic AA, lumbar AA (4 pairs)
Term
at what level does the celiac trunk originate and from what
Definition
at T12 from the abdominal aorta
Term
where is the celiac trunk located
Definition
posterior to the stomach and lesser sac
Term
what are the divisions of the celiac trunk
Definition
left gastric a, splenic a, common hepatic a
Term
what is the smallest branch of the celiac trunk
Definition
left gastric a
Term
describe the path of the left gastric artery
Definition
ascends to the cardiac region of the stomach giving off esophageal branches, decends along the lesser curvature of the stomach and anastomoses with the right gastric a
Term
what is the largest branch of the celiac trunk
Definition
splenic a
Term
describe the path of the splenic artery
Definition
runs left along the superior border of the pancreas, posterior to the stomach and lesser sac, reaches the hium of the spleen within the splenoreal ligament
Term
what branches off the splenic artery
Definition
pancreatic branches, left gastroepiploic a, short gastric arteries, terminal branches of the spleen
Term
what do the pancreatic branches of the splenic artery supply
Definition
neck, body, and tail of pancreas
Term
describe the path of the left gastroepiploic artery
Definition
neat hilum of the spleen, goes to greater curvature in the gastroplenic ligament, runs along greater curvature from left to right, between layers of the greater omentum, anastomoses with the right gastroepiploic a
Term
describe the path of the short gastric arteries
Definition
originate close to the hilum of the spleen, reach the stomach in the gastrosplenic ligament and supply the fundus
Term
where do the terminal branches of the splenic artery enter the spleen
Definition
through the hilum
Term
describe the path of the first part of the common hepatic artery
Definition
runs anterior to the right to reach the superior aspect of the duodenum then divides into two branches
Term
what are the branches of the common hepatic artery
Definition
proper hepatic a, gastrodudenal a
Term
describe the path of the proper hapatic artery
Definition
ascends between the two layers of the lesser omentum (hepatodudoenal ligament) to the hilum of the liver and divides into the right branch (cystic artery) and left branch (right gastric artery), in the lesser omentum it is anterior to the portal vein and the left of the common bile duct
Term
what is the porta hepatis
Definition
the hilum of the liver
Term
describe the path of the right gastric artery
Definition
originates from the proper hepatic, descends within the lesser omentum to the pyloric end of the stomach, runs to the left along the lesser curvature, anastomoses with the left gastric artery
Term
describe the path of the gastrodudoneal artery
Definition
descends posterior to the 1st part of the duodenum, gives off the right gastroepiploic artery and superior pancreaticodudenal arteries
Term
describe the path of the right gastroepiploic artery
Definition
runs along the greater curvature from the right to left between the layers of the greater opentium and anastomoses with the left gastroepiploic artery
Term
describe the path of the superior pancreaticododenal arteries (anterior and posterior)
Definition
supply the duodenum and head of pancreas, anastomose with the inferior pancreaticodudodenal arteries that were a branch of the superior mesenteric a
Term
where do all the veins of the stomach drain
Definition
directly or indirectly to the portal vein
Term
what are the veins of the stomach
Definition
all the veins with the same names as the million arteries you just said
Term
list the arteries that supply the stomach
Definition
L. R. gastric, L. R. gastroepiploic, short gastric
Term
what is the short gastric a branch of
Definition
splenic artery
Term
what is the right gastroepiploic a branch of
Definition
gastrodoudenal artery
Term
what is the right gastric a branch of
Definition
proper hepatic artery
Term
what is the left gastric a branch of
Definition
celiac trunk
Term
in what regions is the liver located
Definition
right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
Term
what are the surfaces of the liver
Definition
diaphragamatic, visceral
Term
desceive the diaphragamatic surface of the liver
Definition
convex, smooth, molded to the undersurface of the diaphragm, may have rib impressions
Term
which way does the visceral surface of the liver face
Definition
fasces inferior, posterior to the left.
Term
what organs is the visceral surface of the liver molded to
Definition
esophagus, stomach, duodenum, right kidney, right adrenal gland, right colic flexure
Term
what are the grooves in the liver
Definition
grooves and fossae shaped like the letter H: porta hepatis, right saggital fissure, left saggital fissue
Term
what is the significance of the inferior border of the liver
Definition
seperates the diaphragamatic and visceral surfaces, sharp
Term
what does the porta hepatis contain
Definition
right and left hepatic ducts, branche sof the proper hepatic artery and portal vein, autonomic nerves, hepatic lymph nodes and vessels
Term
what do the hepatic ducts do
Definition
carry bile made by the liver
Term
what vessels supply the liver
Definition
proper hepatic artery and portal vein
Term
where is the right saggital fissure
Definition
right limb of the H
Term
what is the right saggital fissure made of
Definition
anterior by the fossa for the gallbladder and posterior by the groove for the IVC
Term
where is the left saggital fissue
Definition
left limb of the H
Term
where is the porta hepatis
Definition
cross bar of the H
Term
what forms the left saggital fissure
Definition
anterior by the fissure for the round ligament of the liver and posterior by the fissure for the ligamentum venosum(old ductus venosus)
Term
what is another name for the round ligament of the liver
Definition
ligamentum teres hepatis
Term
describe the umbilical vein in intrauterine life
Definition
carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the portal vein to bipass the liver and go directly to the IVC via the ductus venosus
Term
describe the umbilical vein at birth
Definition
umbilical vein and ductus venosus close and it becomes the round ligament of the liver
Term
what does the ductus venosus become after birth
Definition
ligamentum venosum
Term
what was the purpous of the ductus venosus before birth
Definition
bipass the liver and take blood to the IVC
Term
where is the quadrate lobe located
Definition
liver anterior to the porta hepatis between the fossa for the gallbladder and the fissure for the round ligament (top area of H)
Term
where is the caudate lobe located
Definition
liver posterior to the porta hepatis and between the groove for the IVE and fissure for the ligamentum venosum (bottom area of H)
Term
what is the caudate process
Definition
ridge of the liver that connects the caudate and right lobe between the porta hepatis and groove for IVC
Term
what vessels supply the right functional area of the liver
Definition
right hepatic artery, right branch of the portal vein
Term
what is the function of the right liver
Definition
bile is collected by the right hepatic duct
Term
what vessels supply the left functional area of the liver
Definition
left hepatic artery and left branch of the portal vein
Term
what is the function of the left liver
Definition
bile is collected by the left hepatic duct
Term
what are the paritoneal ligaments of the liver
Definition
faliciform, coronary, R. L. triangular, lesser omentum,
Term
what does the falciform ligament connect
Definition
diaphragmatic durface of the liver to the antrior abdominal wall and diaphragm
Term
what does the attachment of the falciform ligament form on the liver
Definition
boundry between the right and left lobes
Term
what paritoneal fold forms the round ligament of the liver
Definition
inferior margin of the falciform ligament
Term
what forms the superior layer of the coronary ligament
Definition
in the posterior aspect of the falciform ligament its two layers seperate forming the superior layer of the coronary ligament
Term
what is between the layers of the coronary ligament
Definition
an area od liver without peritoneum, bare area of the liver
Term
what forms the right and left triangular ligament
Definition
right and left ends of the coronary ligament where the superior and inferior layers join
Term
what does the lesser omentum connect
Definition
visceral liver surface at the edges of the porta hepatis and fussure for the ligamentum venosum to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of the duodenum
Term
what are the liver capillaries called
Definition
sinusoids
Term
what vein drains the liver
Definition
hepatic vein
Term
what are the branches of the hepatic vein
Definition
right middle and left
Term
where does the hepatic vein drain into
Definition
IVC
Term
what produces bile
Definition
hepatocytes
Term
where is bile collected in the liver
Definition
hepatic ducts
Term
what do all the hepatic ducts join to form
Definition
right and left hepatic ducts
Term
where do the right and left hepatic ducts leave the liver
Definition
porta hepatis
Term
after leaving the liver, what happens to the right and left hepatic ducts
Definition
they join to form the common hepatic duct
Term
describe the path of the common hepatic duct
Definition
decends within the free margin of the lesser omentum (hepatodudoneal ligament) and is joined by the cystic duct to form the common bile duct
Term
where does the cystic duct come from
Definition
the gallbladder
Term
how is the common bile duct made
Definition
the common hepatic duct and custic duct from the gall bladder form
Term
describe the path of the common bile duct
Definition
in the free margin of the lesser omentum, (hepatodudodenal ligament), goes to posterior 1st part of duodenum, inferior it lies posterior to the head of the pancreas or embedded in it
Term
what is the hepatopancreatic ampulla
Definition
the duct that forms when the common bile and pancreatic duct join
Term
what is another name for the hepatopancreatic ampulla
Definition
ampulla of Vater
Term
where does the hepatopancreatic ampulla open
Definition
into the second part of the duodenum by the major dudoenal papilla surrounded by a sphincter
Term
what is the sphincter at th opening of the hepatopancreatic ampulla called
Definition
sphnicter of oddi
Term
where is the gallbladder located
Definition
on the visceral surface of the liver
Term
what does the gallbladder do
Definition
store bile and concentrate it by abdorbind water
Term
what are the parts of the gallbladder
Definition
fundus, body, neck
Term
where is the fundus of the gallbladder
Definition
the anterior rounded end that projects below the inferior border of the liver, in contact with the anterior abdominal wall at the 9th costal cartilage
Term
where is the body of the gallbladder
Definition
middle part, contacts visceral surface of the liver superiorly and transverse colon and duodenum inferiorly
Term
where is the neck of the gallbladder
Definition
directed to the porta hepatis, becomes continous with the cystic duct
Term
what is in the cystohepatic triangle (of calot)
Definition
the cystic artery
Term
what limits the cystohepatic triangle
Definition
cystic duct, common hepatic duct, inferior surface of the liver
Term
where is the spleen located
Definition
in the left hypochondriac between the stomach and diaphragm, completely under the 9-11th ribs
Term
what are the functions of the spleen
Definition
elimination of old or damaged blood cells, filter antigens from blood, immune response against such antigens
Term
what are the surfaces of the spleen
Definition
diaphragamatic, visceral
Term
describe the diaphragamatic surface of the spleen (what its by, physical appearance, contents)
Definition
smooth and convex, posterolaterally, related to the diaphragm
Term
describe the visceral surface of the spleen (what its by, physical appearance, contents)
Definition
irregular and concave, anterimedially, related to the stomach, left kidney, left olic flexure, and tail of pancreas, contains the hilum of the spleen
Term
what are the borders of the spleen
Definition
notched superior border and inferior
Term
what are the poles of the spleen
Definition
anterior and posterior
Term
what rib is the long axis of the spleen on
Definition
10
Term
can a normal spleen be palpated
Definition
no
Term
what ocnnects the stomach to the spleen
Definition
gastrosplenic ligament
Term
what connects the left kidney to the spleen
Definition
splenorenal ligaments
Term
what does the splenorenal ligament have in it
Definition
splenic vessels, tail of pancreas
Term
what does the gastrosplenic ligament have in it
Definition
short gastric arteries and veins, left gastroepiploic artery and vein
Term
what supplies blood to the spleen
Definition
splenic artery
Term
where does the splennic artery come from
Definition
the celiac trunk
Term
what vein drains the spleen
Definition
splenic vein
Term
describe the path of the splenic vein
Definition
begins a spleen hilum, runs right, inferior to splenic artery, posterior to pancreas, drains into portal vein
Term
what organs does the celiac trunk supply
Definition
stomach, liver, biliary ducts, spleen, pancreas
Term
where in the stomach would a gas bubble be located
Definition
fundus
Term
in the liver, what do the biliary ducts tend to follow
Definition
the hepatic artery and vein
Term
describe the percentage of contribution the hepatic artery vs the portal vein supply the liver
Definition
hepatic a 30%, portal v 70%
Term
why is the liver very oxygen sensitive
Definition
because a lot of its blood supply is coming from the portal vein which already gave lots of its oxygen to other organs making it already low in oxygen
Term
the portal vein suck as giving the liver oxygen but what is it good for
Definition
delivers lots of nutrients and toxins on their way to be cleaned
Term
if a vein and artery supplying blood to the liver, what is taking it away
Definition
the hepatic vein
Term
where does the hepatic vein drain into
Definition
IVC
Term
what seperates ataomic R and L liver
Definition
round ligament
Term
what seperates the functionl L and R liver
Definition
portal vein and IVC
Term
why does the spleen have notches
Definition
because it was more than one mass during development that fused together
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