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Anatomy Spinal Cord
KYCOM Block 1
38
Anatomy
Graduate
08/11/2012

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
foramen magnum
Definition

hole in the bottom of the scull

where spinal cord begins

continous with the medulla oblongota

Term
cervical enlargement
Definition

C3-T2 (says google)

gives rise to the brachial plexus

innervates upper limbs

Term
8th cervical nerve accomodations
Definition
because there are 7 cervical vertebre the 8th nerve goes below the vertebre forcing all other nerves to exit below their respective vertebre
Term
lunbosacral enlargement
Definition

aka lumbar enlargement

L1-S3

gives rise to lumbar and sacral plexuses

innervates lower limbs

Term
conus medullaris
Definition

termination of the spinal cord in a cone shape

around L1/L2 in an adult

Term
cauda equina
Definition
nerves tha extend past the base of the spinal cord
Term
coccygeal ligament
Definition

aka filum terminale

derived from the pia mater

connective tissue filament

connects conus medullaris to coccyx

upper portion is in the dural sac

Term
spinal cord development at week 8, month 3, moth 6, birth, and adult
Definition

week 8: cord and vertebre are the same length

month 3: vertebral column begins to grow faster than the cord leaving the end of the cord higher in the canal and elongating nerve roots

month 6: the end of the cord is around S1

at birth: the end of the cord is around L3

adult: the end of the cord is around L1/L2

Term
central canal
Definition

central tube of the vertebre

remnemt of the lumen of the neural tube

communicates with the 4th ventricle of the brain

lined by ependymal cells like all ventricles

Term
posterior intermediate sulcus
Definition

notch in the posterior vertebre between the posterolaterall sulcus and posterior median sulcus

is only present in the cervical and upper thorasic vertebre

Term
posterior root
Definition

aka dorsal root

carries information to the spinal cord

afferent sensory fibers

Term
spinal ganglion
Definition

contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

aka posteior root ganglion

Term
anterior root
Definition

carries info away from the spinal cord

efferent motor fibers

Term
white matter
Definition

outside layer of the vertebre

has ascending and descending fibers or tracts

Term
anterior median fissure
Definition

contains anterior spinal vessels

deep groove almost to central canal

Term
anterolateral sulcus
Definition
attachment of rootlets of anterior roots of spinal nerves
Term
posterolateral sulcus
Definition
attachment area or rootlets of posterior spinal roots
Term
posterior horn
Definition

gray matter

sensory functions

influenced by information sent via posterior root

many neurons have axons extending into the white matter

Term
lateral horn
Definition

grey matter

interomedial lateral nucleus

only in T1-L2

preganglionic sympathetic neuron location

Term
intermediate zone
Definition

gray matter

interneurons for segmental and intersegmental integration

Term
anterior horn
Definition

grey matter

voluntary movements

neuron axons leave through anterior roots to supply skeletal muscle (somatic motor neurons)

horn is large in the cervical and lumbosacral enlargements where neurons for limbs are

Term
spinal nerves
Definition

formed by ventral and dorsal roots

mixed nerve

after exiting the vertebral column it splits into the posterior and anterior ramus

31 pairs

Term
mixed nerve
Definition

has both sensory and motor fibers

ex: spinal nerves

Term
posterior ramus
Definition

division of a spinal nerve after the vertebral canal

smaller

innervates skin and deep back muscles

Term
anterior ramus
Definition

division of a spinal nerve after the vertebral canal

larger

innervates skin and muscles of the limbs, and anterolateral trunk, and superficial back muscles

Term
breakdown of spinal nerve pairs
Definition

31 total

8 cervical

12 thorasic

5 lumbar

5 sacral

1 coccygeal

Term
dermatome
Definition

cutaneous sensory neuron that innervates areas of the skin that can be traced back to a specific spinal nerve

cutaneous nerves usually have sensory fibers from more than one spinal nerve

the limbs have a strange distribution pattern due to their development

helps map sensory deficit to a spinal nerve issue

 

Term
meninges
Definition

coverings of the spinal cord

connective tissue

Term
meningies and spaces from outside to inside
Definition

epidural space

dura mater

subdural space

arachnoid

subarachnoid space

pia mater

Term
dura mater
Definition

outermost, strong, fibrous, forms loose sac

terminates at S2

continous with brain dura

is picked up by filum terminale as it leaves sac

forms a sleeve around spinal nerves under they leave the intervetebral foramen then it fuses with the epinerum

Term
epinerum
Definition

connective tissue covering of a nerve

fuses with dura mater at interveterbal foramen

Term
epidural space
Definition
contains fat, loose connective tissue, and internal vetebral venous plexuses (aka veins near the vertebre)
Term
arachnoid
Definition

middle layer

continous with the cranial arachnoid

extends length of the dural sac

lines dural sleeves

Term
subarachnoid space
Definition

filled with CSF

continous with the subarachnoid space around the brain

extends to S2 and nerve root sleeves

area for spinal tap

Term
spinal tap
Definition

aka lumbar puncture

usually done in the lumbar cistern

done in the subarachnoid space at L3/4 or L4/5

Term
lumbar cistern
Definition

space in the dural sac where the conus medullaris ends and the cauda equina begins

area where a lumbar puncture in the subarachonid space occurs

Term
pia mater
Definition

continous with pia mater of the medulla oblongata

derives the filum terminale

contains denticulate ligament

Term
denticulate ligament
Definition

in the pia mater

extension of pia mater in the coronal plane

stabilizes the spinal cord

at lateral edge of the cord between anterior and posterior roots

extends across subarachnoid space attaching to the dura mater by 20-21 denticulation projections

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