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ANATOMY-set 3
set 3
16
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
02/21/2009

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Term
metabolics
Definition
molecules made or broken down in body
Term
electrolytes
Definition
inorganic ions which conduct electricity in solution
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
hydro-water, philos=loving. reacts with water
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
phobos=fear, does not react with water
Term
pH.
acid-pH lower than 7.0
**high H+ concentration
***low Oh- concentration
base-pH higher than 7.0
**low h+ concentration
**high oh- concentration
Definition
the concentration of hydrogen ions (h+) in a solution ***two types?
Term
carbohydrates.
*monosaccharides-simple sugars with 3 to 7 carbon atoms (glucose)
*disaccarides- 2 simples sugars condensed by denydration synthesis (sucrose)
*polysaccarides-chains of many simple sugars (glycogen)
Definition
quick energy sources and components of membranes.** three types?
Term
plasma membrane
Definition
contains lipids, carbohydrates, and functional proteins
Term
cytoskeleten
Definition
structural protein for shape and strength
Term
microvilli
Definition
increase surface area for absorption, attach to cyotskeleton
Term
ribosomes.
*free ribosomes-in cytoplasm-proteins for cell
*fixed ribosomes-attatched to ER-proteins for secretion
Definition
build polypeptides in protein synthesis, **two types?
Term
Endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
synthesis of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, storage of synthesized molecules and materials, transport materials, detoxification of drugs or toxins
Term
golgi app
*secretory vesicles-modify and package products for exocytosis
*membrane renewal visicles- add or remove membrane components
*transport vesicles-carry materials to and from golgi apparatus
Definition
vesicles enter forming face and exit maturing face. *3 vesicles?
Term
lysosome
Definition
powerful enzyme-containing vesicles, clean up in side cells, break down large molecules, attack bacteria, recycle damaged organelles, ejects wastes by exocytosis
Term
enzymes
*specificity-one enzyme catalysts one reaction
*saturation limits-an enzymes maximum work rate
*regulation-the ability to turn off and on
Definition
catalysts that (or proteins) lower activation energy of a chemical reaction. *3 characteristics?
Term
Tonicity
Definition
-the osmotic effect of a solute on a cell
Term
Diffusion
Definition
-molecules mix randomly, solute spreads through solvent, eliminates concentration gradient
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