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Anatomy quiz
y5
30
Anatomy
Pre-School
11/27/2012

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Term
the point on each side of the skull where the parietal and temporal bones meet the greater wing of the sphenoid
Definition
pterion [Greek: pterón, wing] - the point on each side of the skull where the parietal and temporal bones meet the greater wing of the sphenoid
Term
small rounded projection on a bone
Definition
tubercle - small rounded projection on a bone
Term
large, rounded articulating protuberance at the end of a bone
Definition
condyle - large, rounded articulating protuberance at the end of a bone
Term
shallow depression in a bone
Definition
fossa - shallow depression in a bone
Term
a tubelike opening in a bone
Definition
meatus - a tubelike opening in a bone
Term
this joint, found in the head, is a combined hinge and planar joint
Definition
temporomandibular joint
Term
ligaments define the ???, the farthest extents of movements allowed by the joint
Definition
ligaments define the BORDER MOVEMENTS, the farthest extents of movements allowed by the joint
Term
what is the articular disc?
Definition
The articular disc is a fibrocartilage disc that separates the joint cavity into superior and inferior compartments, each lined by a synovial membrane.
Term
inferior compartment
Definition
The inferior compartment allows for pure rotation of the condylar head, which corresponds to the first 20 mm or so of the opening of the mouth.
At this point, if the mouth continues to open, not only is the condylar head rotating within the lower compartment of the TMJ, but the entire apparatus (condylar head and articular disc) translates, or slides, forward in the mandibular fossa and down the articular tubercle of the temporal bone, thus incorporating an anterior movement into the further opening of the mouth. This can be demonstrated by placing a resistance fist against the chin and trying to open the mouth more than 20 or so mm.
Term
pertaining to the chest or breastbone; thoracic
Definition
pectoral –[Latin: pectus, breast] pertaining to the chest or breastbone; thoracic
Term
to encompass; enclose; encircle (in anatomy, the bony framework that unites the upper or lower extremities to the axial skeleton)
Definition
girdle - to encompass; enclose; encircle (in anatomy, the bony framework that unites the upper or lower extremities to the axial skeleton)
Term
superior to, above
Definition
supra
Term
inferior to, below
Definition
infra
Term
a ring of cartilage running along the edge of a joint surface of a bone
Definition
labrum - a ring of cartilage running along the edge of a joint surface of a bone
Term
bursa between joint capsule and coracoid process of scapula
Definition
subcoracoid bursa (between joint capsule and coracoid process of scapula)
Term
bursa between the joint capsule and deltoid muscle
Definition
subdeltoid bursa (between the joint capsule and deltoid muscle)
Term
bursa between joint capsule and acromion of scapula
Definition
subacromial bursa (between joint capsule and acromion of scapula)
Term
how many muscle tendons connect to the shoulder make up the rotator cuff?
Definition
There are four muscle tendons connected to the shoulder that make up the rotator cuff.
Term
what is the function of the 4 tendons that connect to the shoulder to make up the rotator cuff?
Definition
the function of the 4 tendons that connect to the shoulder to make up the rotator cuff is to stabilize the humerus to the glenoid cavity and allow the wide range of motion in the shoulder
Term
what muscle strengthens the shoulder joint?
*not from below
Definition
the deltoid muscle strengthens the shoulder joint
Term
in this degree of shoulder separation only the acromioclavicular ligament is torn
Definition
In a 1st degree shoulder separation only the acromioclavicular ligament is torn.
Term
what is the function of the PCL?
Definition
The PCL prevents anterior sliding of the femur on the tibia when the knee is bent. This is very important when walking down stairs or down a steep incline.
Term
what is the function of the ACL?
Definition
The ACL limits hyperextension of the knee and prevents anterior sliding of the tibia from under the femur when the knee is bent. The ACL is damaged in ~70% of all serious knee injuries.
Term
Sesamoid bones develop within certain tendons. What are their 2 main functions?
Definition
Sesamoid bones develop within certain tendons.
Protect tendons from excessive wear and tear.
Change direction of pull of the tendon to improve the mechanical advantage of the joint.
Term
a suffix used in pathological terms to denote inflammation of a particular organ
Definition
-itis - a suffix used in pathological terms to denote inflammation of a particular organ
Term
Name the 3 articulations of the elbow joint
Definition
The elbow joint consists of three articulations:
the humeroulnar joint
the humeroradial joint
the proximal radioulnar joint
Term
The ??? refers to the paired ossa coxae.
Definition
The pelvic girdle refers to the paired ossa coxae.
Term
Greek: of the hip
Definition
Ischium – [Greek: of the hip]
Term
Latin: of the groin
Definition
Pubis – [Latin: of the groin]
Term
Latin: flanking the groin
Definition
Ilium – [Latin: flanking the groin]
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