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Anatomy Quiz 8
Flashcards of terms for chapter...?
53
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/09/2008

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Term
Skeletal System Functions - Link to Muscle System (2)
Definition
Storage of Ca & P
Attachment, movement of muscles
Term
Skeletal System Functions - Link to Circulatory System (2)
Definition
Produces blood cells
Many blood vessels named after bones
Term
Skeletal System Functions - Link to All Other Systems (1)
Definition
Protection, Support
Term
Erythropoisis
Definition
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are produced
Term
Hematopoisis
Definition
blood cell production (in red bone marrow)
Term
At birth, red bone marroww is in...
Definition
All bones.
Term
At adolescence, red bone marrow is confined to...
Definition
Axial Skeleton & proximal humerus, femur
Term
By the time we are fully grown we have about how many different bones?
Definition
206
Term
When we were born we had about how many different bones? Why?
Definition
350; many smaller bones join together as we grow.
Term
How many bones are in the Axial skeleton?
Definition
80
Term
Skull bones have two catagories:
Definition
Cranial
Facial
Term
How many cranial bones are there?
Definition
8
Term
How many facial bones are there?
Definition
14
Term
How many bones are in the skull?
Definition
22
Term
How many bones does the vertebral column have?
Definition
26
Term
The thoracic cage bones have two catagories:
Definition
Ribs
Sternum
Term
How many bones are in the thoracic cage?
Definition
25
Term
How many bones are in the ribs?
Definition
12 + 12 (24)
Term
How many bones are in the sternum?
Definition
Just one, silly. ^_^
Term
How many bones are in the Ear Ossicles?
Definition
6 (3 in each)
Term
How many bones are in the hyoid bone? Where is it located?
Definition
Just one; it's attached to the tongue. It's the one in your throat.
Term
Name the Axial Skeleton's catagories and subcatagories. (9)
Definition
Skull
- Cranial bones
- Facial bones
Vetebral column
Thoracic Cage
- ribs
- sternum
Ear Ossicles
Hyoid Bone
Term
Appendicular skeleton has how many bones all together?
Definition
126
Term
In simpler terms, pectoral girdle =
Definition
Shoulder (clavicle & scapula)
Term
In simpler terms in the Appendicular Skeleton, upper extremity =
Definition
arm
Term
In simpler terms, pelvic girdle =
Definition
hip
Term
In simpler terms (appendicular skeleton) lower extremity =
Definition
leg
Term
Name the five bone areas in the Appendicular skeleton
Definition
pectoral girdle = shoulder
upper extremity = arm
pelvic girdle = hip
lower extremity = leg
coxal bone
Term
Name the two areas in the Appendicular skeleton that are tricky, and why.
Definition
pectoral girdle = shoulder (clavicle & scapula)
and pelvic girdle = hip, because they are not on a limb
Term
We classify bones by these five shapes:
Definition
Long
Short
Flat
Irregular
Sesamoid
Term
Examples of long bones:
Definition
arm & leg bones - phalanges, metatarsals, metacarpals
Term
Examples of short bones:
Definition
wrist & ankle bones = carpals & tarsals
Term
Examples of flat bones:
Definition
ribs, sternum, 1scapulae, cranial bones
Term
Examples of Sesamoid bones
Definition
imbedded within tendons; patella (kneecap) is the largest
Term
We classify bones by two porosities as well:
Definition
Spongy
Compact
Term
Osteons
Definition
cylinders, parallel to long axis
Term
Haversian canals
Definition
central canal (in spiral bone thingy)
Term
Perforating canals
Definition
Volkmann's canals (little dots going across the side of two spiral thingies)
Term
Lamellae
Definition
Spiral rings in bone...?
Term
Osteocytes (in lacunae)
Definition
The little bug like thing on the rings
Term
Canaliculi
Definition
The legs (canals) of the little osteocyte bugs
Term
Osteocytes & canaliculi function
Definition
maintain bone matrix
Term
Trabeculae
Definition
align along the lines of stress (ONLY in Spongy Bone)
Term
Chemical composition of bone - how much organic, how much in inorganic?
Definition
1/3 Organic
2/3 Inorganic
Term
The organic component in bones
Definition
osteoid
Term
The inorganic component in bones
Definition
minerals
Term
Bone make-up percentage
Definition
88% Collagen
10% Other proteins
1 or 2% Lipids
Glycands (big proteins)
Term
Cells in bones (3)
Definition
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Osteocytes
Term
Function of osteoblasts
Definition
Builders - produce collagen (fiber) and other compounds of the matrix
Term
Function of osteoclasts
Definition
Sculptors - remove, remodel matrix, resorption
Term
Fuction of osteocytes
Definition
Sit in site = maintain matrix
Term
Hydroxyapatite crystals (mineral salts) in bone and their function:
Definition
Ca PO4 - calcium phosphates
Makes bone hard
Term
Bone Matrix:
Definition
collagen fibers with
calcium phosphate crystals
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