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Anatomy practical 2
skeletal system--general details/functions and pieces
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
06/23/2013

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Term
-structure framework of the body
-provides points of attachment for muscles for movement
-supports and protects body's soft tissues and internal organs
-regulates ions like calcium and phosphates used in other processes
-produces blood cells in it's bone marrow
Definition
functions of the skeletal system? (5)
Term
compact bone/dense bone and spongy bone/cancellous tissue
Definition
two types of bone tissue?
Term
30% organic material, 70% inorganic material
Definition
composition of bone?
Term
organic material of bone
Definition
contains cells and collagenous fibers which give the bone a degree of flexibility
Term
inorganic material of bone
Definition
hydroxyapatite which enables the bone to support the weight of the body without sagging
Term
periosteum
Definition
tough, fibrous membrane containing 2 layers:
the outer fibrous layer and the inner cellular layer that produces osteoblasts
Term
osteoblast
Definition
bone forming cells
Term
osteoclast
Definition
bone dissolving cells
Term
osteocytes
Definition
former osteoblasts that have become trapped in the matrix they deposited
Term
lacunae
Definition
spaces where mature bone cells reside
Term
foramen
Definition
round passageway for blood vessels
Term
canal
Definition
passageway through substance of bone
Term
epiphyses
Definition
spongy bone present at the proximal and distal ends of a long bone; enlarged to provide added surface area for the attachment of tendons and covered with a layer of hyaline cartilage that helps reduce friction at the joint.
Term
diaphysis
Definition
shaft (middle) of the long bone, made up of compact bone with marrow cavity or space inside
Term
proximal and distal epiphyses
Definition
ends of long bone
Term
red bone marrow
Definition
in epiphysis, makes red blood cells which mature here and the white blood cells made here go elsewhere to mature
Term
yellow bone marrow
Definition
in diaphysis, fat, primary function=energy storage
Term
epithesial growth plates
Definition
layer of cells, mostly cartilage, that is very metabolically active; found in long bones, eventually calcify and go away when we stop growing.
Term
canalicula
Definition
connect lacunae
Term
lamellad
Definition
growth ring of bone cells
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