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Anatomy & Physiology I
Lecture Exam 4
274
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/01/2015

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Cards

Term
Insula is located under __________ lobe
Definition
Temporal
Term
Function of Thalamus
Definition
Mediating Sensations
Term
6 Functions of Hypothalamus
Definition

-ANS control center

-Center of emotional response

-Control of endocrine glands activity

-Body temperature regulation

-Control of drives

-Regulation of sleep-wake cycle 

Term
Area for understanding of language (written & spoken)
Definition
Wernicke's Area
Term
Location of primary visual area
Definition
Occipital lobe, posterior tip
Term
Motor speech area is also called
Definition

Broca's Area


Term
Location of Broca's Area
Definition
Inferior frontal gyrus
Term
Location of Wernicke's Area
Definition
a portion of the parietal lobe & temporal lobe
Term
Location of primary somatosensory area
Definition
Postcentral gyrus
Term
Sensory speech area is also called
Definition
Wernicke's Area
Term
Primary motor area function
Definition
Transmit information toward voluntary muscles
Term
Broca's Area function
Definition
Controls speech, planning of speech
Term
Primary somatosensory area function
Definition
identifying origin of input
Term
Location of auditory areas
Definition
superior gyrus of the temporal lobe (middle portion)
Term
Location of olfactory area
Definition
Medial aspect of temporal lobe
Term
Location of gustatory cortex
Definition
Inferior postcentral gyrus
Term
Location of visceral association area
Definition
In insula, posterior to gustatory
Term
Function of the prefrontal area
Definition
determines personality
Term
Function of the gnostic area
Definition
Interpretation of entire situation from all senses
Term
Function of limbic association area
Definition
Provides the emotional impact to whole situation
Term
Function of Broca's Area
Definition
Speech production
Term
The largest white commissure between two hemispheres is called
Definition
corpus callosum
Term
Cerebral hemispheres are separated by __________ ________ & united by three __________
Definition
Cerebral hemispheres are separated by longitudinal fissure & united by three commissures
Term
Fissure located between two hemispheres
Definition
Longitudinal fissure
Term
Fissure located between cerebrum & cerebellum
Definition
Transverse fissure
Term
Sulci located between frontal & parietal lobes
Definition
Central sulcus
Term
Sulci located between temporal & parietal lobes
Definition
Lateral sulcus
Term
Elevated ridges of tissue are called
Definition
gyri (gyrus)
Term
Shallow grooves are called
Definition
sulci (sulcus)
Term
More deep grooves are called
Definition
Fissures
Term
Corpus striatum is
Definition
subcortical motor center
Term
Amigdaloid body is
Definition

-subcortical olfactory center 

-included in limbic system

Term
Which structure produces and secretes ADH & Oxytocin
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Which structure connects III-d & IV-th cerebral ventricles?
Definition
cerebral aqueduct 
Term
Lateral ventricles are separated by
Definition
Septum pelucidum
Term
Third ventricle continues in the forth ventricle by
Definition
Cerebral aqueduct
Term
Name fibers of the cerebrum that provide connection between various parts of the cortex within the same hemisphere
Definition
Association
Term
Name fibers of the cerebrum that provide connection between cortex & lower structures
Definition
Projection
Term
Name fibers of the cerebrum that provide connection between one hemisphere & another
Definition
Commissural
Term
According to mapping in cortex ("Homunculus"), superior part of the left precentral gyrus is
Definition
motor area of the right leg
Term
According to mapping in cortex ("Homunculus"), inferior part of the left precentral gyrus is
Definition
motor area of the left side of the head & face
Term
According to mapping in cortex ("Homunculus"), superior part of the right postcentral gyrus is
Definition
somatosensory area of the left leg
Term
According to mapping in cortex ("Homunculus"), inferior part of the right postcentral gyrus is
Definition
somatosensory area of the right side of the head & face
Term
Name structure that lacks the blood-brain barrier
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Function of the pituitary gland
Definition
endorcrine gland
Term
Name of stalk that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
Definition
Infundibulum
Term
Cingulate gyrus belongs to
Definition
limbic system
Term
The brainstem is made up of which 3 structures?
Definition

Midbrain

Pons

Medulla oblongata

Term
Name of primary motor cortex
Definition
precentral gyrus
Term
Name of primary somatosensory cortex
Definition
postcentral gyrus
Term
CSF is reabsorbed by arachnoid _____ into venous blood
Definition
villi
Term
Name of visual and auditory reflex center
Definition
corpora quadrigemina
Term
Name of superior part of corpora quadrigemina (visual reflex center)
Definition
superior colliculi
Term
Name of inferior part of corpora quadrigemina (auditory reflex center)
Definition
inferior colliculi
Term
Substantia nigra & red nuclei are parts of
Definition
cerebral peduncles
Term
Midbrain contains nuclei for cranial nerves
Definition
III-IV
Term
Pons contain nuclei for cranial nerves
Definition
V-VI-VII
Term
Medulla oblongata contains nuclei for cranial nerves
Definition
VIII-XII
Term
What part of the brain contains the most important vital centers (cardiovascular, respiratory, ...)?
Definition
Medulla oblongata
Term
Centers that control swallow, vomit, cough, sneeze, & hiccup are located in the
Definition
medulla oblongata
Term
Name of neuroglial cells that provide outer covering of the capillaries in choroid plexuses
Definition
Ependimal
Term
Name of neuroglial cells that are involved in the formation of the blood-brain barrier
Definition
Astrocytes
Term
Name of innermost thin vascular membrane that clings to the brain
Definition
pia matter
Term
Arachnoid & pia matter together are called
Definition
Leptomeninx
Term
Name of outermost fibrous tissue covering of the brain
Definition
Dura mater
Term
Name of avascular covering membrane with spider-like fibers
Definition
Arachnoid mater
Term
Name of space between arachnoid & dura mater
Definition
Subdural space
Term
Name of space between arachnoid & pia matter
Definition
subarachnoid space
Term
Name of dural septum that is located between two hemispheres of the brain
Definition
Septum pelucidum
Term
Name part of the brain involved in controlling daily & seasonal activity cycle & some mood aspects
Definition
Epithalamus
Term
Name part of the brain involved in pain supression
Definition
Midbrain
Term
Name part of the brain involved in synergic control & coordination of voluntary movements
Definition
Cerebellum 
Term
4 detailed functions of the cerebellum
Definition

-Comparing of intended movement with what actually happened for adjustment

-Maintaining posture & balance

-Coordination of fine voluntary movement

-Controls the property of movement (speed, acceleration)

Term
Name part of the brain responsible for mediating emotions and is involved in memory processing
Definition
Limbic system
Term
Name part of the brain responsible for mediating sensations & is the major relay station for ascending sensory impulses
Definition
Thalamus
Term
Name part of the brain responsible for controlling ANS activity & some drives (thist, hunger, sex)
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Between blood & the brain urea, toxins & most drugs are
Definition
prevented from entering
Term
Nutrients, such as glucose & essential amino acids,
Definition
move passively by facilitated diffusion
Term
Nonessential amino acids & K+ are
Definition
prevented from entering & pumped from the brain
Term
Name part of the brain that forms floor of diencephalon
Definition
Hypothalamus
Term
Name site of crossing optic nerves
Definition
Optic chiasma
Term
In epithalamus, choroid plexus of the third ventricle is responsible for
Definition
CSF production
Term
Midbrain is surrounded by
Definition
gray matter
Term
Which feature of cerebral peduncles helps regulate unconscious muscle activity by inhibiting of excessive muscle activity
Definition
substantia nigra
Term
Degeneration of substantia nigra results in
Definition
Parkinson's disease
Term
Which feature of cerebral peduncles coordinates muscle tone & posture
Definition
red nuclei
Term
Name feature of midbrain that surrounds cerebral aqueduct
Definition
preaqueductal gray matter 
Term
Preaqueductal gray matter is involved in
Definition
pain suppression
Term
Name structures involved in formation of the floor of the fourth ventricle
Definition
Pons & Medulla oblongata
Term
Name external features of the medulla oblongata
Definition
Pyramids & olives
Term
Within cerebellum, name gray matter outside cortex with gyri
Definition
folia
Term
Within cerebellum, name white matter inside cortex
Definition
Arbor vitae
Term
Limbic system is a group of
Definition
gray matter structures
Term
Name structures of the lymbic system
Definition

-Septal nuclei

-Cingulate gyrus

-Hippocampus

-Forinx

Term
Functions of the lymbic system
Definition

-Basic survival functions (memory, reproduction, nutrition)

-Emotional aspects of behavior

Term
Reticular formation of the brain stem
Definition
Gray matter with control center in midbrain
Term
Reticular activating system functions
Definition

-Initiating & maintaining wakefulness (alarm clock)

-Introspection

-Directing attention

-Filtering & damping repetitive, familiar & weak signals (allows focus; crying baby during sleep)

Term
Declarative memory triggers release of
Definition
Ach
Term
Non-declarative memory triggers release of
Definition
Dopamine
Term
Name of three connective tissue membranes
Definition
Meninges
Term
Function of CSF
Definition

-Liquid cushion

-Helps to nourish the brain

-Carries chemical signals

Term

How is CSF circulated?

(2 ways)

Definition

-Through ventricles into the central canal of the spinal cord

-Through medial & lateral apertures of the fourth ventricle into subarachnoid space

Term
The least permeable capillaries in the body are found in
Definition
Blood Brain Barrier
Term
Lipid-soluble substances
Definition
diffuse through plasma membrane & affect the brain
Term

Within CNS,

grey matter _____

white matter _____

Definition

Within CNS,

grey matter core

white matter external

Term
Lateral ventricles communicate with the third ventricle by
Definition
interventricular foramen (foramen Monro)
Term
Gray matter of the cerebral hemispheres
Definition

-Cortex (outside)

-Ganglia (in depth of hemispheres)

Term
White matter of the cerebral hemispheres
Definition
Under cortex (gyri, sulci, fissures)
Term
Which areas control voluntary movement
Definition
Motor areas
Term
Which areas are responsible for integration of primary information for purposeful action
Definition
Association areas
Term
Which areas are responsible for conscious awareness of sensations
Definition
Sensory areas
Term
Spinal cord extends from
Definition
foramen magnum to the level of L1-L2
Term
Fixation of the spinal cord to the coccyx is provided by
Definition
filum terminalis
Term
Functions of the spinal cord
Definition

-Two way conduction

-Major reflex center 

Term
Two way conduction of the spinal cord is provided by
Definition
white matter (tracts)
Term
Major reflex center of the spinal cord is provided by
Definition
gray matter (horns)
Term
Protection of the spinal cord is provided by
Definition
meninges & CSF 
Term
During lumbar puncture, CSF is obtained from __________ space beneath ___ vertebra
Definition
Subarachnoid; L3
Term
Cervical enlargement is a source for nerves to & from
Definition
upper limbs
Term
Lumbar enlargement is a source for nerves to & from
Definition
lower limbs
Term
The end of the spinal cord is called
Definition
conus medullaris
Term
Collection of spinal nerves around filum terminalis is called
Definition
cauda equina
Term
Name of site where nerve fibers of sensory neurons enter the spinal cord
Definition
dorsal root
Term
Name of structure that contains cell body of sensory neuron
Definition
dorsal root ganglion
Term
Name of site where nerve fibers of motor neuron leave the spinal cord
Definition
Ventral root
Term
Dorsal & ventral roots fused together to form
Definition
spinal nerves
Term
Gray matter of the spinal cord is located
Definition
inside in butterfly shape
Term
Dorsal or posterior horns of the spinal cord contain
Definition
second order sensory neurons
Term
Ventral or anterior horns of the spinal cord contain
Definition
lower motor neurons
Term
Dorsal or posterior horns are _____ & _____ while ventral or anterior horns are _____ & _____
Definition
Dorsal or posterior horns are long & narrow while ventral or anterior horns are short & wide
Term
Ventral roots of the spinal cord transmit information
Definition
away from the spinal cord
Term
Dorsal roots of the spinal cord transmit information
Definition
toward the spinal cord
Term
White matter of the spinal cord is located
Definition
around gray matter
Term
Conscious proprioception ("body sense") for lower limbs is transmitted by
Definition
tracts, located in medial region of dorsal (posterior) funiculus (column)
Term
Name of information from lower part of the body & lower limbs
Definition
Fasciculi gracillis
Term
Name of information from upper part of the body & upper limbs
Definition
Fasciculi cuneatus
Term
Funiculi consist of
Definition
tracts
Term
Corticospinal tracts are
Definition

-Motor by function

-Located in lateral & ventral (anterior) funiculus

-Descending by direction

Term
First order sensory neurons located
Definition
in dorsal root ganglia
Term
Second order sensory neurons located
Definition
within dorsal horns
Term
Upper motor neurons located
Definition
in cortex or in nuclei of cerebrum & brainstem
Term
Lower motor neurons located
Definition
within the ventral horn
Term
Nociceptors sense
Definition
pain
Term
Name of delicate connective tissue that covers single nerve fiber within a fascicle
Definition
endoneurium
Term
Name of connective tissue that covers fascicle
Definition
Perineurium
Term
Name of connective tissue outer covering for the whole nerve
Definition
Epineurium
Term
Sensory (or afferent) Nerve Characteristics
Definition

-Carry sensory nerve fibers

-Transmit info toward CNS

-A few cranial nerves

Term
Mixed Nerve Characteristics
Definition

-Carry sensory & motor nerve fibers

-Transmit info away & toward CNS

-All spinal nerves; most cranial nerves

Term
Motor (or efferent) Nerve Characteristics
Definition

-Carry motor nerve fibers

-Transmit info away from CNS

-Ventral roots of spinal cord; a few cranial nerves

Term

___ pairs of spinal nerves emerge from the spinal cord

___ pairs of cranial nerves emerge from the brain

Definition

31 pairs of spinal nerves

12 pairs of cranial nerves

Term
Which cranial nerve has 3 major branches?
Definition
V-Trigeminal
Term
Which two nerves are followed by a tract?
Definition

I-Olfactory

II-Optic


Term
Which three nerves are sensory only?
Definition

I-Olfactory

II-Optic

VIII-Vestibulocochlear

Term
Which five nerves are motor only?
Definition

III-Oculomotor

IV-Trochlear

VI-Abducens

XI-Accessory

XII-Hypoglossal

Term
Which four nerves are combined?
Definition

V-Trigeminal

VII-Facial

IX-Glossopharingeal

X-Vagus

Term
Damage to which nerve causes difficulties in speech and swallowing?
Definition
XII-Hypoglossal
Term
Which nerve is formed by a cranial root and a spinal root so it is involved in neck muscles movement?
Definition
XI-Accessory
Term
Which nerve extends beyond the head and neck region?
Definition
X-Vagus
Term
Which three nerves send motor impulses to the eye muscles (to move eyeball)?
Definition

III-Oculomotor

IV-Trochlear

VI-Abducens

Term
Which nerve provides for facial expressions (major motor for the face)?
Definition
VII-Facial
Term
Which nerve is major sensory for the face?
Definition
V-Trigeminal
Term
Cranial nerves III-IV are located within
Definition
nuclei midbrain
Term
Cranial nerves V-VII are located within
Definition
pons
Term
Cranial nerves VIII-XII are located within
Definition
medulla oblongata
Term
Which nerve is major parasympathetic for the whole body?
Definition
X-Vagus
Term
Pain that radiates down along the posterior surface of the lower limb & may be caused by herniated lumbar disc is called
Definition
sciatica
Term
Which nerve can be injured by hanging an arm over a chair?
Definition
radial
Term
Which nerve will cause sesation of breathing when injured?
Definition
Phrenic
Term
Phrenic nerve is formed by ventral rami of
Definition
C 3-4-5
Term
Which nerve is associated with carpal tunnel?
Definition
Median
Term
Which nerve can be injured because of inappropriate position of the patient during surgery?
Definition
Ulnar
Term
Spinal nerve is formed by fusion of
Definition

5 dorsal (sensory) & 6 ventral (motor) spinal roots 

*Mixed by function

Term
Dorsal ramus supplies the
Definition
posterior body trunk
Term
Ventral ramus supplies the
Definition
rest of the trunk & limbs
Term
What provides a route for sympathetic axons that enter sympathetic chain ganglia?
Definition
White rami communicans
Term
Name of skin region that provides sensory information
Definition
Dermatome
Term
The only spinal nerve that doesn't supply branches to the skin
Definition
C1
Term
Where is the only skin area that is not innervated by spinal nerves?
Definition
Skin of the face
Term
Name of nerve that passes beneath inguinal ligament
Definition
Femoral nerve
Term
Name of nerve that goes through foramen obturatum
Definition
Obturator nerve
Term
What nerve passes through greater sciatic notch and is the largest nerve in the body?
Definition
Sciatic nerve
Term
Motor pathway includes two motor neurons known as
Definition

-Preganglionic neuron (preganglionic axon)

-Postganglionic neuron (postganglionic axon)

Term
Sympathetic Division Characteristics
Definition

Works during emergencies

"Fight-or-Flight" reactions

Exercise, emergency, excitement, embarrassment

Releasing Energy

 

Term
Parasympathetic Division Characteristics
Definition

Non-emergency functions

"Resting and Digesting"

Digesting, defecation, diuresis

Conserving energy

Term
Autonomic reflexes involve
Definition
visceroceptors
Term
Distal half of the large intestine and urinary bladder receives parasympathetic innervation from
Definition
sacral outflow
Term
Constriction of pupil & bulging of lens is the function of which cranial nerve?
Definition
III-Oculomotor
Term
Name of cranial nerve that stimulates secretion of nasal, lacrimal & salivary glands
Definition
VII-Facial
Term
Name of cranial nerve that stimulates secretion of parotid salivary gland
Definition
IX-Glossopharyngeal
Term
Innervation of thoracic & abdominal viscera is the function of which cranial nerve?
Definition
X-Vagus
Term
Fibers of ANS that release during activation Ach are called
Definition
cholinergic
Term
Fibers of ANS that release during activation NE is called
Definition
adrenergic
Term
B-adrenergic receptors during activation cause
Definition
vasodilation
Term
A-adrenergic receptors during activation cause
Definition
vasoconstriction
Term
A-Adrenerguc receptors are located in
Definition
Vessels of skin, sphincters & almost all sympathetic target organs except heart
Term
B-Adrenergic receptors location
Definition
Vessels of the heart, lungs, brain, most sympathetic target organs, fat tissue
Term
Parasympathetic target organs
Definition

-Heart

-GIT (smooth muscle)

-Urinary Tract (smooth muscle)

Term
Sympathetic Target Organs
Definition

-Circulatory system (defines BP)

-Adrenal gland

-Sweat glands

-Arrector pili of skin

-Kidneys

-Liver (releasing of glucose)

Term
Sympathetic effect of eye during activation
Definition

-Pupil dilation

-No effect to accommodation

Term
Sympathetic effect of glands (nasal, lacrimal salivary, GIT glands) during activation
Definition
Inhibits secretion
Term
Sympathetic effect of sweat glands during activation
Definition
Stimulates sweating
Term
Sympathetic effect of adrenal medulla during activation
Definition
stimulates secretion of E & NE
Term
Sympathetic effect of arrector pili muscle during activation
Definition
contraction causing goosebumps
Term
Sympathetic effect of heart (muscle) during activation
Definition
Increased heart rate & force of heartbeat (pump blood)
Term
Sympathetic effect of bladder/urethra during activation
Definition

-Relaxation

-Utethral sphincter contraction causing inhibition of urination



Term
Sympathetic effect of lungs during activation
Definition
Bronchioles dilation
Term
Sympathetic effect of GIT during activation
Definition
↓ peristalsis, constricts sphincters → inhibit movement of content
Term
Sympathetic effect of liver during activation
Definition
Releasing of glucose to blood
Term
Sympathetic effect of kidney during activation
Definition

Decrease urine output

Increase BP

Term
Sympathetic effect of blood vessels during activation
Definition
Vasoconstriction (general) causing increased BP
Term
Sympathetic effect of cellular metabolism during activation
Definition
Increased metabolic rate
Term
Sympathetic effect of adipose tissue during activation
Definition
Stimulates lipolysis
Term
Adrenal medulla functionally is
Definition

modified sympathetic ganglion 

("misplaced ganglion")

Term
Name division which originates in thoracolumbar lateral horns of gray matter of spinal cord
Definition
Sympathetic division
Term
Name division which originates in craniosacral location & spinal cord sacral segments S2-S4
Definition
Parasympathetic division
Term

Cranial Nerves

I

Definition
Olfactory
Term

Cranial Nerves

II

Definition
Optic
Term

Cranial Nerves

III

Definition
Oculomotor
Term

Cranial Nerves

IV
Definition
Trochlear
Term

Cranial Nerves

V
Definition
Trigeminal
Term

Cranial Nerves

VI
Definition
Abducens
Term

Cranial Nerves

VII
Definition
Facial
Term

Cranial Nerves

VIII
Definition
Vestibulocochlear
Term

Cranial Nerves

IX
Definition
Glossopharingeal
Term

Cranial Nerves

X
Definition
Vagus
Term

Cranial Nerves

XI
Definition
Accessory
Term

Cranial Nerves

XII
Definition
Hypoglossal
Term
Function of lateral rectus
Definition
moves eye laterally
Term
Function of medial rectus
Definition
moves eye medially
Term
Function of superior rectus
Definition
elevates eye
Term
Function of inferior rectus
Definition
depresses eye
Term
Function of inferior oblique
Definition
elevates eye & turns it laterally 
Term
Function of superior oblique
Definition
depresses eye & turns it laterally 
Term
Lateral rectus innervated by
Definition
VI-Abducens
Term
Superior oblique innervated by
Definition
IV-Trochlear
Term
Medial, superior & inferior rectus and inferior oblique innervated by
Definition
III-Oculomotor
Term
Name of mucous membrane on eyelids which secrete mucus for lubrication and antibacterial protection
Definition
Conjunctiva
Term
Function of lacrimal gland
Definition
tear production (contains lysozyme - a/b protection)
Term
Function of nasolacrimal duct
Definition
Transmits tears from the lacrimal sac into the nasal cavity
Term
Fibrous layer of eyeball is composed of
Definition
avascular connective tissue
Term
Name the 2 regions that make up the fibrous layer of the eyeball
Definition
Sclera & Cornea
Term
Characteristics of sclera
Definition

-Posterior portion

-White

-Posteriorly pierced by optic nerve in same place continues with dura mater of the brain

Term
Characteristics of cornea
Definition

-Anterior portion

-Transparent

-Covered by epithelium

-Very sensitive (nociceptors)

-Good regeneration

-Easy to transplant

Term
Function of sclera
Definition

Protection

Shaping

Anchoring site for eye muscles

Term
Functions of cornea
Definition

-Passage for light

-Part of the light-bending (refractory) system of the eye

Term
Function of choroid
Definition
Provides nutrition supply for all other tunics
Term
Name of structure that contains melanin to prevent light scattering within the eye
Definition
Choroid
Term
Ciliary body is composed of
Definition
smooth muscle 
Term
Functions of ciliary body
Definition

-Controlling lens shape (focusing)

-Secretion of fluid through aqueous humor

Term
Function of suspensory ligaments
Definition
Provides connection between ciliary body & lens
Term
Name of smooth muscles that form iris
Definition

Sphincter pupillae 

Dilator pupillae

Term
Function of iris
Definition
Defines the size of pupil and amount of light
Term
Name of the two sensory layers (retina) within the eye
Definition

Pigmented layer

Neural layer

Term
Functions of pigmented layer within the eye
Definition

-Light absorption to prevent light scattering within the eye

-Phagocitic activity

-Storage for vitamin A

Term
Which type of cells make pigmented layer within the eye
Definition
epithelial
Term
Neural layer within the eye is composed of which three types of neurons?
Definition

Photoreceptors

Bipolar cells

Ganglion cells

Term
Function of photoreceptors
Definition
Transduce light energy
Term
Function of bipolar cells
Definition
Provide connection with ganglion cells
Term
Function of ganglion cells
Definition
Site of action potential generation
Term
Nerve cells that are responsible for color, central "day vision" are called
Definition
Cones
Term
Nerve cells that are responsible for non-color, peripheral vision "night vision" are called
Definition
Rods
Term

 

 

Name of yellowish spot near the center of the retina--contains mostly cones

Definition
Macula lutea
Term
Name of small depression in macula lutea that contains only cones
Definition
Fovea centralis
Term
Name of place where optic nerve is originated, doesn't contain cones or rods → no light (blind spot)
Definition
Optic disk
Term
Name of the weakest place of the eye because it is not reinforced by sclera
Definition
Optic disk
Term
Bending of light rays is called
Definition
refraction
Term
Inner core of eye is made up of
Definition

Lens

Vitreous body

Aqueous humor

Term
Characteristics of Lens
Definition

-Suspended on ciliary body

-Avascular

-Divides the eye into two segments

Term
Name of gel like substance in posterior portion of the eye behind the lens
Definition
Vitreous body
Term
Functions of vitreous body
Definition

-Transmits light

-Supports the lens & holds two layers of retina firm to each other

-Defines intraocular pressure & reinforce the eyeball internally

Term
What is produced by the ciliary body and drains into venous blood through the Schlemm canal?
Definition
Aqueous Humor
Term
Location of Schlemm canal
Definition
Encircles the eye at the sclera-cornea junction 
Term
Function of schlemm canal
Definition

-Maintain intraocular pressure

-Supplies nutrients & oxygen to the lens & cornea

Term
Changing of shape of the lens for proper refraction (specifically for close vision) is called
Definition
Accommodation
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