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Anatomy & Physiology I
Histology Part 2
57
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/03/2015

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Function of Connective Tissue
Definition

Supports, protects, and connects other tissues

& parts of the body 

Term
Characteristics of Connective Tissue
Definition

-Has few cells

-A lot of intercellular substance (matrix)

Term
5 Main Classes of Connective Tissue
Definition

Connective Tissue Proper

Cartilage

Bone

Blood

Adipose

Term

Common Characteristics of Connective Tissue

Vascularity

Definition

Avascular

Poor

Abundant

Term

Connective Tissue Vascularity


Avascualr

(location)

Definition
Cartilage
Term

Connective Tissue Vascularity


Poor

(location)

Definition

Tendons

Ligaments

Term

Connective Tissue Vascularity


Abundant

(location)

Definition
Bone
Term

Connective Tissue: Extracellular Matrix


may be

Definition

-Liquid (fluid)

-Amorphous (shapeless)

-Structural

Term

Connective Tissue: Extracellular Matrix


Liquid

(example)

Definition
Blood
Term

Connective Tissue: Extracellular Matrix


Amorphous
(example)
Definition
Cartilage
Term

Connective Tissue: Extracellular Matrix


Structural
(example)
Definition

Fibrous

Tissue

Bone

Term
Structural Elements of Connective Tissue
Definition

Ground Substance

Fibers

Cells

Term

Ground Substance Composition


Proteoglycans

Definition

-Very hydrophilic

-Trap Water

-Form substances from fluid to gel

Term
Function of Proteoglycans
Definition

Allow diffusion between the blood capillaries 

& the cells

Term

Connective Tissue

Cell Types

Definition

Fundamental

Accessory

Term

Connective Tissue

Fundamental Cell Types

Definition

Immature (-blast)

Mature (-cyte)

Term

Connective Tissue

Fundamental Cells


Immature

Definition

-Actively mitotic (abundant during malignancies)

-Secrete ground substances

Term

Connective Tissue

Fundamental Cells


Mature

Definition

-Less mitotic

-Maintain homeostasis in matrix if matrix is damaged; transform into blasts; repair

Term

Connective Tissue

Accessory Cells


Example

Definition

Fat Cells

 

Term
Fibers provide
Definition
support
Term
Types of Fibers
Definition

-Collagen

-Elastic

-Reticular

Term
Collagen Fibers
Definition

-White

-Thick

-Extremely Tough

Term
Elastic Fibers
Definition

-Yellow 

-Thin

-Allows to stretch & recoil

 

Term
Example of Elastic Fibers
Definition

-Skin

-Lungs

-Blood Vessel Walls

-Places where elasticity is needed

Term
Reticular Fibers
Definition

-Fine collagen fibers

-Support the soft tissue of organs to form 

stroma --"soft skeleton"

Term

Types of Connective Tissue

from most rigid to softest

Definition

Bone

Cartilage

Dense Connective Tissue

Loose Connective Tissue

Blood

Term
Features of Cartilage
Definition

-Less hard & more flexible than bone

-Avascular

-Lack of nerves

-No effective regeneration

(michael jackson's nose)

Term
Types of Cartilage
Definition

-Hyaline

-Elastic

-Fibro

Term

Hyaline Cartilage

Location

Definition

-Embryonic Skeleton

-Nose

-Cartilage of Respiratory Tract

-Costae

-Joint Surfaces

Term
Elastic Cartilage
Definition

-More elastic fibers

-Maintains shape & flexability

Term

Elastic Cartilage

Location

Definition

-External Ear 

-Epiglottis

Term
Fibrocartilage
Definition

-A lot of thick collagen fibers


Term

Fibrocartilage

Location

Definition

-Intervertebral disks

-Pubic symphysis

-Disk of knee joint

Term
Dense Connective Tissue
Definition

Fibroblast & Fibrocyte

-Lot of collagen fibers

-Some elastin 

Term

Dense Connective Tissue

Location

Definition

-Tendons

-Ligaments (regular)

-Skin (irregular)

Term
Regular Tissue
Definition

-Fibers are parallel

-Only have one direction

Term
Irregular Tissue
Definition
-Don't have a specific direction
Term
Loose Connective Tissue
Definition
Less fiber and more cells
Term
Areolar Tissue
Definition

Macrophages, mast cells, WBC

involved in phagocytosis during inflammation

Term

Areolar Tissue

Location

Definition

-Surrounding organs & capillaries

-Under mucosa

Term
Adipose Tissue
Definition

-Adipocytes (fat cells)

Nucleus is pushed to the side by fat droplet

Term

Adipose Tissue

Location

Definition

-Under skin

-In breast & abdomen

-Around some organs (kidney)

 

Term

Adipose Tissue

Purpose

Definition

Protection

Insulation

Fuel Reserve

Term
Reticular Tissue
Definition

-A lot of reticular fibers & reticular cells

-Immune system cells

-Blood cells

-Forms stroma of parenchymal organs 

Term

Reticular Tissue

Location

Definition

Lymphoid organs

(spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes)

Term
Muscle Tissue
Definition

-Highly cellular

-Well-vascularized

-Responsible for movement

Term
Skeletal Muscles
Definition

-Striated

-Long cylindrical multinucleate cells

-Voluntary control

-In skeletal muscles

Term
Cardiac Muscle
Definition

-Striated

-Branching uninucleate cells with special junctions

-Involuntary control

-In heart

Term
Smooth (visceral) mucles
Definition

-Non striated

-Spindle-shaped cells with one nucleus

-Involuntary control

-In hollow organs & vessels

Term

Types of Healing

Resolution

Definition
Damaged cells recover
Term

Types of Healing 

Regeneration


Definition

If damaged cells are capable of mitosis

the damaged tissue is replaced by identical tissue

Term

Types of Healing

Repair by Scar of Fibrous Tissue

Definition

-After intensive damage

-Cells are incapable of mitosis

-During chronic inflammation

Term

Tissue ability to regenerate


Definition
Varies
Term

Ability to Regenerate

Epithelia

Definition
Very good
Term

Ability to Regenerate

Skeletal Muscle

Definition
Very bad
Term

Ability to Regenerate

Cardiac  Muscle & Nervous Tissue

Definition
No regeneration
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