Term
adenosine diphosphate
(ADP) |
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Definition
the compound theat can be converted to ATP for energy storage.
when ATP is broken down to ADP energy is released that can be used for cellular reactions |
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Term
adenosine triphosphate
(ATP) |
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Definition
| energy storage molecule used to power muscle contraction and other cellular reactions |
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Term
anabolism
(ah NAH bow lizm) |
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Definition
assembly of new molecules in the body.
the process by which simpler compounds are built up and used to manufacture materials for growth repair and reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest part of an element consisting of a nucleus (protons and neutrons) and surrounding electrons |
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Term
catabolism
(ka TAH bow lizm) |
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Definition
breaking down of molecules in the body
complex into simpler substances |
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Term
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Definition
a group of organic chemicals that include sugars, starches, and glycogen and is a necessary nutrient for the body
basic source of energy |
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Term
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Definition
the process by which oxygen is utilized to break down glucose and other nutrients for the energy needed for cellular activity
occurs at the cellular level |
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Term
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Definition
| an atomic bond in which valence electrons are shared |
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Term
disaccharide
(die SACK eh ride) |
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Definition
| a carbohydrate that is composed of two monosaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
| the smallest complete particle of a substance that cannot be seperated by ordinary means |
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Term
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Definition
| a negatively charged particle that revolves around the nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical element that carries a positive or negative charge and conducts electricity when dissolved in a solution |
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Term
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Definition
molecules that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in cells.
they are particularly important in the breakdown and synthesis of biological molecules |
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Term
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Definition
| another term for glycerin which is found in fats |
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Term
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Definition
| the form that glucose takes when it is stored in the liver and skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| water loving or a substance that readily mixes with water |
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Term
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Definition
| water fearing or a substance that does not readily mix with water |
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Term
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Definition
| the bond that holds compounds together by the strong electrical attractions between the opposite charges of the ions involved |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an electrically neutral combination of atoms (the same type or different types) held strongly together enough to be considered a unit |
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Term
monosaccharide
(mon oh SACK eh ride) |
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Definition
| a simple sugar such as glucose |
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Term
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Definition
| a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has no electric charge |
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Term
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Definition
| chemicals (such as DNA or RNA) that carry genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
| small structures in the cytoplasm that have various specialized functions |
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Term
phospholipid
(FOS foh LIP id) |
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Definition
| the primary substance in the lipid portion of a cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| a class of compounds that are synthesized by all living organisms and are used for growth and repair of tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| a positively charged subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared unequally |
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Term
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Definition
| the substance dissolved in water or a solution |
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Term
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Definition
| the liquid containing a dissolved substance |
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Term
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Definition
| a liquid that reacts with a solute bringing it into solution, dissolving |
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