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Anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 1 Terms
20
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/18/2012

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Term
anatomy
Definition
the science of the structure of living organisms
Term
physiology
Definition
the science of the functioning of living organisms
Term
atom
Definition
thesmallest part of an element, indivisible by ordinary chemical means
Term
cell
Definition
the basic biological unit of living organisms, containing a nucleus and a variety of organells enclosed by a limiting membrane
Term
molecule
Definition
particle consisting of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Term
tissues
Definition
a group of similar cells specialized to perform a specific function, primary tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues
Term
organ
Definition
a part of the body fored of two or more tissues that performs a specialized function
Term
organ system
Definition
a group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function
Term
organism
Definition
an individual living thing
Term
homeostasis
Definition
a state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body
Term
effector
Definition
an organ, gland, or muscle capable of being activated by nerve endings
Term
negative feedback
Definition
a corrective mechanism that opposes or negates a variation from normal limits
Term
ventral
Definition
anterior or front
Term
posterior
Definition
toward the back, dorsal
Term
possitive feedback
Definition
feedback that tends to cause a variable to change in the same direction as the initial change, enhances the stimulus
Term
inferior
Definition
below, in reference to a particular structure, with the body in the anatomical position
Term
distal
Definition
farthest from the point of attachment of a limb or origin of a structure
Term
cephalic
Definition
pertaining to the head
Term
metabolism
Definition
the sum total of the chemical reactions that occur in the body
Term
receptor
Definition
some type of sensor that monitors and responds to changes in the environment
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