striated muscles that are almost all attached to bone

important for internal and external movements, stability, and heat production

attach to two bones across a joint

epimysium grades into connective tissue sheets;

deep around adjacent muscles, no adipose tissue; superficial between the muscles and skin, abundant fat cells

broad sheet-like attachment of tendon

example: scalp, abdomen, hands, and feet

band of connective tissue that separates groups of tendons from other muscles

example: around wrists and ankles

tapered ends, thick belly; relatively strong

example: biceps brachii and gastrocnemius

long strap-like muscles which are uniform in width and have parallel fascicles

can be long; greater range of contraction but are weaker than fusiform muscles

example: rectus abdominis and sartorius

fan-shaped muscles with a broad origin and taper to a narrow insertion; relatively strong at its point of insertion

example: pectoralis major

feather-like with fascicle obliquely oriented towards a central tendon that extends the length of the muscle;

uni, bi, multi

sphincters which form rings around body openings

example: orbicularis oris and external anal sphincter

muscle that does the prime movement for a particular joint

example: biceps brachii

muscle that aids a prime mover; may stabilize that movement of a joint

example: brachialis

muscle which opposes an agonist; typically in antagonistic pairs

example: biceps brachii and triceps brachii

muscle that prevents the movement of a bone

example: shoulder

innervate the muscles of the head and neck; and arise from the base of the brain and emerge from cranial foramina

numbered I - XII

innervate all muscles other than head and neck and have their origin in the spinal cord and emerge through the intervertebral foramina and branch subsequently into dorsal/ventral rami

identified by letter and number; T6 (6th thoracic nerve)