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Anatomy & Physiology Exam 1
The Cell
14
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
02/11/2010

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Cards

Term
Plasma membrane is responsible for what?
Definition
the cell's ability to connect, recognize, and communicate with one another
Term
how much of the plasma membrane is made of lipids?
Definition
40-50%
Term

phospholipids are?

how many layers?

 

Definition

lipids joined with phosphate groups in the plasma membrane

-2 layers

 

Term

phospholipid layers:

head

Definition

"hydrophilic"

-"water loving"

-made of phosphate

-polar

Term

phospholipid layers:

tail

 

Definition

"hydrophobic"

-water fearing

-non-polar

-made of fatty acid chains

Term

Cholesterol

where?

functions?

Definition

interspersed between phospholipids

 

-keeps fatty acids from sticking together

-maintains flexibility and fluidity in the membrane

Term

proteins

where?

types?

 

Definition

suspended within the plasma membrane

 

-integral (span entire length of membrane for ion channels)

-peripheral (attached to either inner or outer surface of PM)

Term
functions of proteins in plasma membrane?
Definition

-attachment sites

-ion channel

-receptor molecule

-marker molecule

Term
ion channel
Definition

function of protein in plasma membrane

 

-allows ions to move into and out of cell (usually integral proteins)

 

Term

receptor molecule

example?

Definition

protein function in PM

-serve for substances to bind to protein to cause chain of intracellular events

-ex: acetycholine (Ach) binds to specific protein receptor on surface of a muscle cell's PM. Chain of events occur (cascade) and then a contraction

Term

marker molecules

ex?

what is basis of autoimmune disease?

oocyte?

Definition

protein function in PM

-allow cellular recognition

-ex: immune system cells can recognize a foreign cell

-basis of autoimmune disease is breakdown of self cell recognition 

-sperm cells can recognize oocytes

Term
glycolipid
Definition
a carbohydrate plus a lipid
Term
glycoprotein
Definition
carbohydrate plus a protein
Term
Definition
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