Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Anatomy & Physiology 1- Dr. Smith ASUB
TEST 3 - FINAL REVIEW
37
Anatomy
Undergraduate 2
06/28/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

1. Which of the following is NOT a structural classification of a joint? 

 

A. fibrous

B. cartilaginous

C. Synovial

D. Amphiarthrotic

Definition
A. Amphiarthrotic
Term

2. The term, diarthrotic, means? 

 

A. Immovable

B. slightly movable

C. Freely movable

Definition
C. freely movable
Term

3. Which of the following is NOT a fibrous joint? 

 

A. Suture

B. Syndesmosis

C. symphysis

D. Gomphosis

Definition
C. Symphysis
Term

4. A flattened fibrous sac with an internal synovial membrane? 

 

A. Synovial joint cavities

B. Bursae

C. Tendon sheaths

Definition
B. Bursae
Term

5. Which of the following would NOT stabilize a synovial joint? 

 

A. Increased articular surfaces

B. Increased muscle tone

C. decrease muscle tone

D. numerous reinforcing ligaments and tendons

Definition
C. Decrease muscle tone
Term

6. A uniaxial type of movement; increasing the angle between the joint. 

 

A. Flexion

B. Extension

C. Abduction

D. Circumduction

Definition
B. Extension
Term

7. A uniaxial type of movement; movements away from the midline. 

 

A. Flexion

B. Extension

C. Abduction

D. Adduction

E. Circumduction

Definition
C. Abduction
Term

8. Invaginations of the plasma membrane on skeletal muscle fibers are called? 

 

A. sarcolemma

B. T tubules

C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

D. Myoglobin

E. Creatine phosphate

Definition
B. T tubules
Term

9. What is the major regulatory protein that binds specific ions and removes the inhibition to allow myosin and actin to bind in skeletal muscle fibers? 

 

A. calmodulin

B. troponin

C. Myoglobin

Definition
B. Troponin
Term

10. What is the major regulatory ion that promotes contraction in muscle tissue?

 

A. sodium ions

B. potassium ions

C. Magnesium ions

D. Calcium ions

E. chloride ions

Definition
D. Calcium ions
Term

11. What is the neurotransmitter responsible for excitation of the skeletal muscle fiber? 

 

A. Acetylcholine

B. Norepinephrine

C. Glutamate

D. GABA

E. Serotonin

Definition
A. acetylcholine
Term

12. The neurotransmitter receptors on the end-plates of the skeletal muscle fibers? 

 

A. Voltage gated ion channels

B. Ligand-gated ion channels

C. G protein-coupled receptors

D. JAK-STATs

Definition
B. Ligand-gated ion channels
Term

13. What is needed (the mechanism) for myosin heads to detach from the actin filaments? 

 

A. Calcium ions

B. ATP

C. ADP

D. Creatine kinase

Definition
B. ATP
Term
14. T or F? When myosin binds onto actin, it has ADP attached to it. 
Definition
True
Term

15. Which of the following would describe a motor unit? 

 

A. a single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers in innervates

B. A single muscle fiber with all of the motor neurons that innervates that fiber.

C. A single motor neuron and all of the glial cells it innervates. 

Definition
A. A single motor neuron and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. 
Term

16. A response of skeletal muscle fibers; these fibers are electrically excited continuously and there is a sustained contraction with no relaxation of the contractile machinery. 

 

A. Incomplete tetanus

B. Complete tetanus

C. Treppe

D. Twitch

Definition
B. Complete tetanus
Term

17. Type of skeletal muscle fiber; contains many molecules of myoglobin. 

 

A. Fast glycolytic fibers

B. Slow Oxidative fibers

Definition
B. Slow oxidative fibers
Term

18. Type of skeletal muscle fiber; displays aerobic respiration for metabolism. 

 

A. Fast glycolytic fibers

B. Slow oxidative fibers

Definition
B. Slow oxidative fibers
Term

19. What is the calcium ion-binding protein that causes smooth muscle to contract? 

 

A. Troponin

B. Tropomyosin

C. Calmodulin

D. Myoglobin

Definition
C. Calmodulin
Term

20. What is the major protein to phosphorylate the contractile machinery for smooth muscle contraction? 

 

A. Myosin light chain kinase

B. Myosin light chain phosphate

C. Protein kinase A

D. Protein kinase C 

Definition
A. Myosin light chain kinase
Term

21. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of smooth muscle? 

 

A. contracts when is stretched

B. Lacks sarcomeres

C. Primarily attached to the skeleton

D. Hyperplasia

Definition
C. Primarily attached to the skeleton
Term

22. Which of the following smooth muscle fibers has extensive innervations? 

 

A. single-unit

B. Multiunit

Definition
B. Multiunit
Term

23. Which of the following smooth muscle fibers can display automatic action potentials? 

 

A. Single- unit

B. multiunit

Definition
A. single-unit
Term

24. Which of the following muscle fibers are multinucleate? 

 

A. Skeletal muscle

B. Smooth muscle

Definition
A. Skeletal muscle
Term

25. Which of the following muscle fibers can gap junctions be present? 

 

A. Skeletal muscle

B. smooth muscle

Definition
B. Smooth muscle
Term

26. Which of the following muscle fibers can have an epimysium?

 

A. Skeletal Muscle

B. Smooth Muscle

Definition
A. Skeletal muscle
Term

27. Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched? 

 

A. Short bone- carpal

B. Long bone- femur

C. Irregular bone- sternum

D. Flat bone- parietal bone

E. Sesamoid bone- patella

Definition
C. irregular bone-sternum
Term

28. Which of the following is NOT a function of bones? 

 

A. Protection

B. Storage/pool of calcium for the body

C. synthesis of vitamin D

D. Hematopoiesis

E. Provides sites for muscle attachment

Definition
C. Synthesis of vitamin D
Term
29. The enzyme 1-hydroxylase is responsible for generating the active metabolite of vitamin D. Where is this enzyme located? 
Definition
C. Kidney
Term

30. Which is NOT true about calcitriol? 

 

A. Binds to a receptor that is localized in the nucleus. 

B. the human body can synthesize it

C. Needed for active absorption of calcium ions from the gut

D. is independent of PTH

Definition
D. Is independent of PTH
Term

41. T or F? Howship's lacuna in osteoclasts is a derivative of the lysosome. 

 

Definition
True
Term
42. T or F? Hypoparathyroidism would cause a decrease in both calcium ions and PTH. 
Definition
True
Term
43. T or F? A person with vitamin d- dependent rickets type 2 could be treated with vitamin D supplements. 
Definition
False
Term
44. T or F? Collagen type 2 could be found in both hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage
Definition
True
Term
45. T or F? Uric acid will build up in synovial joints due to a condition known as gouty arthritis. 
Definition
True
Term

46-50: Use the following choices. 

 

A. Osteoblast

B. Osteoclast

 

46. Bone reabsorbing

47. Has receptors for RankL. 

48. Has receptors for PTH

49. Multinucleate

50. Derived from osteoprogenitor cells

Definition

46. B- osteoCLAST

47. B- osteoCLAST

48. A- osteoBLAST

49. B- osteoCLAST

50. A- osteoBLAST

Term

51-55: Use the following choices: 

 

A. PTH

B. Calcitriol

 

51. Causes synthesis of 1- hydroxylase

52. Causes synthesis of calbindins and Ca2+-ATPases in intestines

53. Increased synthesis of M-CSF

54. Has a phosphaturic effect (decreased reabsorption) on the kidneys.

55. Requires a special blood protein (DBP) for transportation in the blood

Definition

51. A- PTH

52. B- Calcitriol

53. A- PTH

54. A- PTH

55. B- Calcitriol

Supporting users have an ad free experience!