Term
|
Definition
–(60%)
–Produced by liver
Osmotic pressure
found in plasma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(4%)
–Produced by liver
Blood clotting
in plasma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
(36%)
–Produced by liver
–Function in immunity
in plasma |
|
|
Term
| Blood – Physical Characteristics |
|
Definition
}Denser than water
}5 times as thick as water
}Metallic tasting
}Slightly basic
}8% of body weight
◦Males – 5-6 liters
◦Females – 4-5 liters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Distribution
◦Oxygen
◦Wastes
◦Hormones
}Regulation
◦Body temperature
◦pH
}Protection
◦Prevents blood loss
◦Prevents infection |
|
|
Term
What percent of blood is
plasma
white blood cells
red blood cells? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}90% water
}100 dissolved substances
◦Plasma proteins
Albumin (60%)
Produced by liver
Osmotic pressure
Fibrinogen (4%)
Produced by liver
Blood clotting
Globulins (36%)
Produced by liver
Function in immunity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Buffy Coat
◦Less than 1% of whole blood
◦White blood cells
Platelets
Hematocrit
◦Made of erythrocytes
◦45% of whole blood |
|
|
Term
Erythrocytes
structure and function |
|
Definition
}Structure
◦Biconcave
◦Lack nucleus/mitochondria
◦97% hemoglobin
Deoxyhemoglobin
Oxygen deficient – dark red to blue
Oxyhemoglobin
Oxygen rich - red
}Function
◦Transports gases
Oxygen from lungs to ROB
Carbon dioxide from ROB to lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}100-120 day life span
◦No nucleus – no proliferation
}Can break apart in spleen
}Can be engulfed by macrophages
}Hemoglobin
◦Bilirubin - excreted
◦Amino acids – re-enters circulation |
|
|
Term
Leukocytes
general characteristics and functions |
|
Definition
}General Characteristics
◦Actual cells with nuclei and organelles
◦Less than 1% of blood
◦4800-10800 WBC/microliter of blood
}General Function
◦Immunity
◦
} |
|
|
Term
Leukocytes
abundance in body |
|
Definition
}Neutrophils – 50-70%
}Lymphocytes – 25-45%
}Monocytes – 3-8%
}Eosinophils – 2-4%
}Basophils – 0.5-1%
}
(Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Basics
◦Hollow, cone shaped
◦Left side of thoracic cavity
◦14 cm long; 9 cm wide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Pericardium
◦Encloses heart
◦Dense connective tissue
◦Keeps heart in place
}Pericardial cavity
◦Between layers of pericardium
◦Small amts of serous fluid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Epicardium
◦Outside layer
◦Reduces friction
}Myocardium
◦Thick middle layer
◦Cardiac muscle tissue
◦Pumps blood
}Endocardium
◦Inner layer
◦Supplies heart with blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Atria
◦Upper chambers
◦Thin walls
◦Receive blood returning to heart
◦Right atrium
Deoxy blood
All parts other than lungs
◦Left atrium
Oxy blood
From lungs |
|
|
Term
| Heart Chambers ventricles |
|
Definition
}Ventricles
◦Lower chambers
◦Thick walls
◦Receive blood from atria
◦Right ventricle
Thinner than left
Pumps deoxy blood to lungs
◦Left ventricle
Pumps oxy blood to ROB (rest of body) |
|
|
Term
Internal Structures of heart
tricuspid |
|
Definition
}Tricuspid Valve
◦Three cusps (flaps)
◦Between right atrium and right ventricle
◦Prevents backflow of blood into right atrium |
|
|
Term
| Internal Structures heart bicuspid |
|
Definition
}Biscuspid Valve (mitral valve)
◦Two cusps (flaps)
◦
◦Between left atrium and left ventricle
◦
◦Prevents backflow of blood into left atrium |
|
|
Term
| Internal Structures heart chordae tendonae |
|
Definition
}Chordaetendonae
◦Connective tissue
◦Holds valves in place |
|
|
Term
| Internal Structures heart papillary muscles |
|
Definition
}Papillary Muscles
◦Hold chordaetendonae in place
◦Helps to open and close valves |
|
|
Term
| Blood vessels Artery structure and function |
|
Definition
Artery
◦Structure
–Thick, strong walls
–Three layers
–Endothelium
–Smooth muscle
–Connective tissue
◦Function
–Carries oxygenated blood from heart to arterioles
–Blood under high pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Arterioles
◦Structure
–Thin walls
–Three layers like artery
◦Function
–Connect artery with a capillary
–Carries oxygenated blood |
|
|
Term
Blood Vessels
capillaries |
|
Definition
}Capillaries
◦Structure
–Thin vessels
–Composed of simple squamous epithelium
◦Function
–Helps with nutrient, gas, and waste exchange
–Connects arterioles with venules
–Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Venules
◦Structure
Thin walls with less smooth muscle
◦Function
Connects capillaries to veins
Carries deoxygenated blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
}Veins
◦Structure
Thinner than artery
Three layers with less smooth muscle
◦Function
Connects venule to heart
Carries deoxygenated blood under low pressure |
|
|
Term
| Heart Movements – Cardiac Cycle |
|
Definition
}Part I
Atrial systole
Atria contracts
Ventricular diastole
Ventricles relax
AV valves open; pulmonary and aortic closed
}Part II
◦Ventricular systole
Ventricles contract
◦Atrial diastole
Atria relax
◦Pulmonary and aortic valves open
|
|
|
