Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Anatomy of circulatory system
This consists of everything my teacher said we would need including: blood, the heart, the blood vessels and a bit more...please feel free to use them :D I hated the class too btw ;)
29
Anatomy
12th Grade
12/19/2011

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Albumin
Definition
(60%)
Produced by liver

Osmotic pressure 

found in plasma

Term
Fibrinogen
Definition
 (4%)
Produced by liver

Blood clotting

in plasma

Term
Globulins
Definition
 (36%)
Produced by liver
Function in immunity
in plasma
Term
Blood – Physical Characteristics
Definition
}Denser than water
}5 times as thick as water
}Metallic tasting
}Slightly basic
}8% of body weight
Males – 5-6 liters
Females – 4-5 liters
Term
Functions of blood
Definition
}Distribution
Oxygen
Wastes
Hormones
}Regulation
Body temperature
pH
}Protection
Prevents blood loss
Prevents infection
Term

What percent of blood is 
plasma
white blood cells

red blood cells? 

Definition
[image]
Term

Plasma

information

Definition
}90% water
}100 dissolved substances
Plasma proteins
–Albumin (60%)
–Produced by liver
–Osmotic pressure
–Fibrinogen (4%)
–Produced by liver
–Blood clotting
–Globulins (36%)
–Produced by liver
–Function in immunity
Term
Formed Elements of blood
Definition
}Buffy Coat

 

Less than 1% of whole blood

 

White blood cells

Platelets

Hematocrit

Made of erythrocytes
45% of whole blood
Term

Erythrocytes

structure and function

Definition
}Structure
Biconcave
Lack nucleus/mitochondria
97% hemoglobin
–Deoxyhemoglobin
–Oxygen deficient – dark red to blue
–Oxyhemoglobin
–Oxygen rich - red
}Function
Transports gases
–Oxygen from lungs to ROB
–Carbon dioxide from ROB to lungs
Term
Erythrocyte Death
Definition
}100-120 day life span
No nucleus – no proliferation
}Can break apart in spleen
}Can be engulfed by macrophages
}Hemoglobin
Bilirubin - excreted
Amino acids – re-enters circulation
Term

Leukocytes

general characteristics and functions

Definition
}General Characteristics
Actual cells with nuclei and organelles
Less than 1% of blood
4800-10800 WBC/microliter of blood

 

}General Function
Immunity
}
Term

Leukocytes

abundance in body

Definition
}Neutrophils – 50-70%
}Lymphocytes – 25-45%
}Monocytes – 3-8%
}Eosinophils – 2-4%
}Basophils – 0.5-1%
}

(Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas)

Term
The heart basics
Definition
}Basics
Hollow, cone shaped
Left side of thoracic cavity
14 cm long; 9 cm wide
Term
Heart coverings
Definition
}Pericardium
Encloses heart
Dense connective tissue
Keeps heart in place

 

 

}Pericardial cavity
Between layers of pericardium
Small amts of serous fluid
Term
Layers of Heart Wall
Definition
}Epicardium
Outside layer
Reduces friction
}Myocardium
Thick middle layer
Cardiac muscle tissue
Pumps blood
}Endocardium
Inner layer
Supplies heart with blood
Term
[image]
Definition
[image]
Term
Heart chambers
atria 
Definition
}Atria
Upper chambers
Thin walls
Receive blood returning to heart
Right atrium
–Deoxy blood
–All parts other than lungs
Left atrium
–Oxy blood
–From lungs
Term
Heart Chambers ventricles
Definition
}Ventricles
Lower chambers
Thick walls
Receive blood from atria
Right ventricle
–Thinner than left
–Pumps deoxy blood to lungs
Left ventricle
–Pumps oxy blood to ROB (rest of body)
Term

Internal Structures of heart

tricuspid

Definition
}Tricuspid Valve
Three cusps (flaps)

 

Between right atrium and right ventricle

 

Prevents backflow of blood into right atrium
Term
Internal Structures heart bicuspid
Definition
}Biscuspid Valve (mitral valve)
Two cusps (flaps)
Between left atrium and left ventricle
Prevents backflow of blood into left atrium
Term
Internal Structures heart chordae tendonae
Definition
}Chordaetendonae
Connective tissue
Holds valves in place
Term
Internal Structures  heart papillary muscles 
Definition
}Papillary Muscles
Hold chordaetendonae in place
Helps to open and close valves
Term
Blood vessels Artery structure and function
Definition

Artery

Structure
Thick, strong walls
Three layers
Endothelium
Smooth muscle
Connective tissue
Function
Carries oxygenated blood from heart to arterioles
Blood under high pressure
Term

Blood Vessels  Arterioles

 

Definition
}Arterioles

 

Structure
Thin walls
Three layers like artery

 

Function
Connect artery with a capillary
Carries oxygenated blood
Term

Blood Vessels 

capillaries 

Definition
}Capillaries

 

Structure
Thin vessels
Composed of simple squamous epithelium

 

Function
Helps with nutrient, gas, and waste exchange
Connects arterioles with venules
Carries oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Term
Blood Vessels venules
Definition
}Venules
Structure
–Thin walls with less smooth muscle

 

Function
–Connects capillaries to veins
–Carries deoxygenated blood
Term
Blood Vessels veins
Definition
}Veins
Structure
–Thinner than artery
–Three layers with less smooth muscle

 

Function
–Connects venule to heart
–Carries deoxygenated blood under low pressure
Term
Heart Movements – Cardiac Cycle
Definition
}Part I
–Atrial systole
–Atria contracts
–
–Ventricular diastole
–Ventricles relax
–
–AV valves open; pulmonary and aortic closed


}Part II
Ventricular systole
–Ventricles contract

 

Atrial diastole
–Atria relax

 

Pulmonary and aortic valves open
Supporting users have an ad free experience!