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Anatomy Muscles of the Hand and Arm
Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand, Muscles of the Arm Origin, Insertion, Innervation, Action, Blood Suply
42
Anatomy
Graduate
11/18/2012

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Term
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum

I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

N: Median Nerve

A: Abducts Thumb

B: Superficial Palmar Arch
Term
Flexor pollicis brevis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum

I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

N: Median Nerve

A: Flexes Thumb

B: Superficial Palmar Arch
Term
Opponens Pollicis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum

I: 1st Metacarpal

N: Median Nerve

A: Opposes Thumb

B: Superficial Palmar Arch
Term
Adductor Pollicis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Oblique head: bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, capitate, adjacent carpals
Transverse head: shaft of 3rd metacarpal

I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Adducts Thumb

B: Deep palmar arch

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Has two heads, transverse and oblique
Term
Abductor digiti minimi Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Pisiform

I: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Abducts 5th finger

B: Ulnar Artery
Term
Flexor digiti minimi brevis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum

I: Base of proximal phalanx of 5th digit

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Flexes Proximal Phalanx of 5th finger

B: Ulnar Artery
Term
Opponens digiti minimi Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum

I: 5th metacarpal

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it, brining 5th finger into opposition with thumb

B: Ulnar Artery
Term
Lumbricals Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: 1st & 2nd: lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus 3rd & 4th: medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

I: Extensor expansions of 2–5 fingers

N: 1st&2nd: median n.
3rd&4th: ulnar n.

A: Flex metacarpophalangeal joints of 2nd-5th fingers

B: superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch, dorsal digital artery (EVERYTHING)
Term
Dorsal Interossei (4) Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Adjacent sides of index, middle, and ring fingers

I: Bases of proximal phalanges, extensor expansions of 2nd-4th fingers

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Abduct 2nd-4th fingers

B: Dorsal metacarpal artery and palmar metacarpal artery
Term
Palmar Interossei (3) Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals

I: Bases of proximal phalanges, extensor expansions of 2nd, 4th and 5th fingers

N: Ulnar Nerve

A: Adduct 2nd, 4th, and 5th fingers

B: Deep palmar arch
Term
Coracobrachialis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Coracoid process of scapula

I: Middle third of medial surface of humerus

N: Musculocutaneous Nerve

A: Flexes and adducts arm

B: Brachial Artery
Term
Biceps Brachii Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Short head: coracoid process of scapula
Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis into deep fascia on medial part of forearm

N: Musculocutaneous Nerve

A: Flexes forearm when it is supine and Supinates it as well

B: Brachial Artery
Term
Brachialis Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Distal half of anterior surface of humerus

I: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna

N: Musculocutaneous nerve

A: Flexes forearm

B: Radial Recurrent Artery
Term
Triceps Brachii Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus superior to radial groove Medial head: posterior surface of humerus inferior to radial groove

I: Olecranon of Ulna

N: Radial Nerve

A: Extends Forearm

B: Deep Brachial Artery
Term
Aconeus Origin, Insertion, Invervation, Action, Blood Supply
Definition
O: Lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: Lateral olecranon, superior posterior surface of ulna

N: Radial Nerve

A: Assists triceps brachii muscle

B: deep brachial artery, recurrent interosseous artery
Term
What do Opponens Pollicis, Flexor pollicis brevis, and Abductor Pollicis Brevis have in common?
Definition
They all have the same origin, innervation, and blood supply

O: Tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium, flexor retinaculum

I: Median Nerve

B: Superficial Palmar Arch
Term
What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?
Definition
Musculocutaneous

Innervates Coracobrachialis, Biceps Brachii, Brachialis
Term
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?
Definition
Radial nerve

Innervates Triceps Brachii and Anconeus
Term
List the bones of the wrist from medial to lateral
Definition
Triquetrum (proximal) & Pisiform (distal & on top of Triquetrum), Lunate (proximal) & Hamate (distal), Capitate (large & kind of center of wrist), Scaphoid (large & proximal) & Trapezoid (small & distal), Trapezium (just under the thumb/1st metacarpal)
Term
What constitutes the carpal tunnel?
Definition
The flexor retinaculum, 9 flexor tendons, median nerve.
Term
Which hand bone can you not see/palpate from the dorsal side of the hand?
Definition
The pisiform
Term
Name the thenar muscles from proximal to distal (3)
Definition
Opponens Pollicis, Abductor Pollicis Brevis, Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Term
Name the hypothenar muscles from medial to lateral (3)
Definition
Abductor Digiti Minimi, Opponens Digiti Minimi, Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Term
What tendons make up the anterior and posterior borders of the snuff box?
Definition
The posterior border of the snuffbox is the tendon of the extensor pollicis longus.

The anterior border is a pair of parallel and intimate tendons, of the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus.
Term
What metacarpal bones meet up with what carpal bones?
Definition
Metatarsal I (thumb) meets up with the Trapezium

Metatarsal II (index) meets up mostly with the Trapezoid secondarily and Trapezium, and only touches the capitulum

Metatarsal III (middle) meets up almost entirely with the Capitate

Metatarsal IV & Metatarsal V both meet up with the Hamate
Term
The condition “wrist-drop” results from a lesion of which nerve?
Definition
Wrist drop is a condition where a person cannot extend their wrist and it hangs flaccidly.

It results from a lesion at the site of either the posterior cord or radial nerve

Can also result from a broken humerus as the radial nerve runs through the radial groove on the lateral border of the humerus
Term
Assuming there is a fracture of the humeral shaft, what structures are most likely to be injured with the bone? (2)
Definition
Radial Nerve and Brachial artery
Term
Define the location and function of the palmar aponeurosis
Definition
Continuous with the palmaris longus tendon; Invests the muscles of the palm, and consists of central (thick), medial (thin), and lateral (very thin) portions.

It gives firm attach­ment to the skin of the palm to improve the grip, and protects the underlying tendons.
Term
What type of joint is the metatarsophalangeal joint?
Definition
Condyloid
Term
Where is the volar radioulnar ligament located?
Definition
From the head of the ulna to right next to it on the radius
Term
Where does the volar/palmar radiocarpal ligament attach?
Definition
above to the anterior margin of the lower end of the radius, to its styloid process, and to the front of the lower end of the ulna; its fibers pass downward and medialward to be inserted into the volar surfaces of the scaphoid, lunate, and triangular bones, some being continued to the capitate.
Term
What ligaments hold the pisiform?
Definition
The pisohamate ligament, pisometacarpal ligament (attaches to 3, 4, 5), and the articular capsule
Term
Which bones are in the proximal and distal rows of the carpal bones?
Definition
Proximal - Scaphoid, Lunate, Triquetrum, Pisiform

Distal - Trapezium, Trapezoid, Captitate, Hamate
Term
What type of joint is the radioulnar joint?
Definition
A pivot joint
Term
What ligaments surround the elbow?
Definition
Anteiror and Posterior Ligaments, Radial Collateral Ligament, Ulnar Collateral Ligament, and Annular Ligament
Term
Where does the inferior transverse scaupular ligament run?
Definition
Aka the glenospinous ligament, runs from the posterior aspect of the glenoid cavity to the spine of the scapula just medial to the acromion
Term
A bone breakage at the surgical neck would result in what two potential injuries?
Definition
Axillary nerve and the posterior humeral circumflex artery
Term
What structure is a supracondylar fracture most likely to damage?
Definition
The median nerve
Term
What structure(s) is a fracture of the scaphoid likely to damage?

What structure(s) is a fracture of the hamate likely to damage?
Definition
A fracture of the scaphoid is likely to damage the radial artery and cause avascular necrosis of the bone and degenerative joint disease of the wrist.

A fracture of the hamate is likely to damage the ulnar nerve and artery because they are near the hook of the hamate.
Term
What is a bennet's fracture? Boxers fracture?
Definition
Bennett’s fracture is a fracture of the base of the metacarpal of the thumb. Boxer’s fracture is a fracture of the necks of the second and third metacarpals, seen in professional boxers, and typically of the fifth metacarpal in unskilled boxers.
Term
Guyon’s canal syndrome
Definition
an entrapment of the ulnar nerve in the Guyon’s canal,
which causes pain, numbness, and tingling in the ring and little fingers, followed by loss of sensation and motor weakness.
Term
Dupuytren’s contracture
Definition
A progressive thickening, shortening, and fibrosis of
the palmar fascia, especially the palmar aponeurosis, producing a flexion deformity of fingers in which the fingers are pulled toward the palm (inability to fully extend fingers), especially the third and fourth fingers.
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