Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Anatomy Month 1 Week 3 Day 1 ANS
Anatomy Month 1 Week 3 Day 1 ANS
28
Anatomy
Graduate
05/21/2018

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ANA neuron system
Definition
2 neuron system- preganglionic (brain/spinal cord) and postganglionic (body)
Term
sympathetic nervous system preganglionic neurons and post ganglionic neurons
Definition
pre: T1-L2 (thoracolumbar) post: sympathetic chain along spinal column or remotely in ganglia associated with blood vessels along the aorta
Term
parasympathetic nervous system preganglionic neurons
Definition
cranial nerve nuclei and S2-S4 (craniosacral)
Term
sympathetic innervation of heart and lungs
Definition
postganglionic neurons leave sympathetic chain and travel directly to heart and lungs
Term
sympathetic innervation of abdominal organs
Definition
preganglionic sympathetics leave the chain, travel down through vessels along the aorta and synapse at postganglionic targets along the viscera
Term
T1-L2 action potential pathway
Definition
preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies at T1-L2, leave along ventral root, joins spinal nerve, leaves spinal nerve, synapses on postganglionic target cell in a ganglion (a sympathetic chain ganglion close to the nerve), postganglionic cell rejoins nerve and travels to target
Term
To innervate above T1 and below L2?
Definition
preganglionic axons enter the sympathetic chain and travel upwards or downwards to target nerve. They either synapse where they enter the chain and the postganglionics descend/ascend or the preganglionics enter the chain, descend and then synapse at a lower level
Term
location of the most superior of the sympathetic chain ganglion
Definition
next to the common carotid artery
Term
parasympathetic innervation arises from
Definition
3rd, 7th and 9th cranial nerves and supply structures in the head (mainly lacrimation and salivary secretions). cranial nerve 10, the vagas nerve supplies heart, lungs, GI to left third of transverse colon (remainder of GI and pelvic organs supplied by pelvic splanchnic nerve, parasympathetics from S2-S4)
Term
heart gets input from
Definition
post ganglionic sympathetic input from thoracic sympathetic chain and cervical sympathetic chain (autonomic input from a large range of sympathetic nervous system due to embryonic development where the heart starts anterior to the head)
Term
sensation of the heart can go
Definition
as high as upper neck (C1) or as low as T5 because wehrever you have a nerve also have sensor input traveling back the other direction
Term
sympathetic/parasympathetic innervation of heart
Definition
sympathetic increases heart rate, vagal/parasympathetic decreases heart rate (vagus also has a lot of sensory fibers going to brain but many are subconscious)
Term
what is angina pectoris
Definition
pain that originates in the heart but is perceived as coming someplace other than the heart
Term
what is referred pain
Definition
general pain from visceral organs that's felt elsewhere like the jaw, arm (left arm w angina pectoris)
Term
why we are bad at localizing pain coming from inside our body
Definition
nerve fiber going to same place, can't sense sensory input from vagus
Term
visceral pain fibers and somatic pain fibers
Definition
travel together from the same dermatomal region of the spinal cord up to the brain so the brain has difficulty localizing the pain, can't trace the nerves from the heart up to the brain
Term
nerves involved when angina pectoris pain refers to the right hand
Definition
intercostobrachial nerve, ulnar nerve, medial nerve from brachial plexus down to hand
Term
sympathetic innervation of the heart
Definition
from T1-T4 have preganglionic axons entering sympathetic chain where they synapse then go right to the heart but some nerves travel up the chin and synapse there, make mistake then go down (C1-T5 innervation)
Term
causalgia other name
Definition
regional pain syndrome
Term
why might a cervical thoracic block help causalgia in the hand?
Definition
there are sympathetic pain fibers that innervate the hand traveling up the the stellate ganglion of the neck and central circuits are firing uncontrollably , block that ganglion and stop repeatedly sending those pain signals, can't eliminate all pain just by cutting dorsal roots
Term
what is the cervical thoracic ganglion
Definition
sympathetic ganglion at your neck C8 to T1
Term
side effects of blocking cervical thoracic ganglion
Definition
Horner's syndrome- ptosis, miosis (constricted), anhydrosis. vascular effects- lack of sympathetic tone in the vasculature, vasodilation, flushing as blood rushes to the skin
Term
why do you get pupil constriction in Horner's syndrome
Definition
in absence of sympathetic innervation, parasympathetic takes over so get pupil constriction bc pupil dilation is controlled by sympathetic nervous system
Term
sympathetic nervous system effect on peripheral vascuature
Definition
controls vasoconstriction vs vasodilation
Term
reason for fingers turning blue in reynaud's
Definition
in response to cold get normal sympathetic activation- vasoconstriction but in reynaud's get overactivation and over constriction so don't get enough blood to fingers and they become cyanotic due to lack of oxygen
Term
why do fingers turn red and painful in reynaud's
Definition
2nd phase, vasodilation and massive amount of blood entering the area causing stretching, edema, and pain
Term
why was reynaud's historically treated by blockage of sympathetic chain?
Definition
taking away sympathetic activation which is causing overactive vasoconstriction but lots of other problems with this
Term
pharmacological treatment for reynaud's
Definition
calcium channel blockers, vessels won't constrict as much so get more steady flow of blood to fingers
Supporting users have an ad free experience!