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Anatomy Leg
KYCOM Block 4
157
Anatomy
Graduate
12/05/2012

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Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior superolateral surface of the leg
Definition
lateral sural cutaneous n
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior inferolateral surface of the leg
Definition
superificial fibular nerve
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the anterior medial surface of the leg
Definition
saphenous n
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior superolateral surface of the leg
Definition
lateral sural cutaneous nerve
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior inferolateral surface of the leg
Definition
sural n
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the posterior medial surface of the leg
Definition
saphenous n
Term
what surrounds the leg
Definition
deep (cural) fascia
Term
what is the deep fascia of the leg continous with
Definition
fascia lata
Term
what do the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa pass to and from
Definition
deep fascia to fibula
Term
what does the interosseous membrane of the leg pass to and from
Definition
ribia and fibula
Term
what is the function of the interosseous membrane of the leg
Definition
binds tibia and fibula, provides attachment for neighboring muscles
Term
what are the compartments of the leg
Definition
anterior, lateral, posterior
Term
which compartment of the leg is further divided, how
Definition
superificial and deep transverse intermuscular septum
Term
what forms the flexor retinacula of ankle
Definition
thickening of deep fascia
Term
what is the function of the flexor ratinacula of the ankle
Definition
keep long tendons in position and act as a modified pully
Term
what are the extensor retinacula of the ankle
Definition
superior and inferior
Term
what does the superior extensor retinaculum attach do
Definition
distal anterior tibia and fibula
Term
what is the shape of the inferior extensor retinaculum
Definition
Y
Term
what is the stem of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to
Definition
lateral to calcaneus
Term
what is the upper part of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to
Definition
medial malleolus
Term
what is the lower part of the inferior extensor retinaculum attached to
Definition
medial foot and continous with plantar fascia
Term
where is the flexor retinaculum of the leg located
Definition
medial ankle
Term
what does the flexor retinaculum extend to and from
Definition
medial malleolus to medial calcaneus
Term
where are the fibular retinacula
Definition
lateral ankle
Term
what does the superior fibular retinacula extend to and from
Definition
lateral malleolus to lateral calcaneus
Term
what does the inferior fibular retinaculum extend to and from
Definition
fibular trochlea of calcaneus to lateral calcaneus superior and inferior to fibular trochlea
Term
what are the superificial muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg
Definition
gastronecemius, soleus, plantaris
Term
what are the deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg
Definition
popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, tibialis posterior
Term
what seperates the superificial and deep muscules of the posterior compartment of the leg
Definition
transverse intermuscular septum
Term
what are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg innervated by
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the origin of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius
Definition
lateral surface of lateral condyle of femur and distal end of lateral supracondylar line of femur
Term
what is the origin of the medial head of the gastrocnemius
Definition
popliteal surface of femur above the medial condyle
Term
what is the insertion of the gastrocnemius
Definition
achilles tendon
Term
what is involved in the achilles tendon
Definition
common tendon for soleus and gastrocnemius
Term
what is another name for achilles tendon
Definition
cancaneal tendon
Term
where does the achilles tendon insert
Definition
posterior calcaneus
Term
what innervates the gastrocnemius
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the gastrocnemius
Definition
plantar flexion at ankle, assist in flexion of leg at knee
Term
where is the soleus located in relation to the gastrocnemius
Definition
soleus is deep
Term
what is the origin of the soleus
Definition
soleal line, middle third of tibia, posterior head of fibula, upper third posterior shaft fibula, tendinous arch between tibial and fibular attachments
Term
what is the isnertion of the soleus
Definition
achllies tendon
Term
what is the innervation of the soleus
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the soleus
Definition
plantar flexion at ankle
Term
what is the origin of the plantaris
Definition
lateral supracondylar line of femur
Term
where os the origin of the plantaris in relation to other origins near it
Definition
above origin of lateral head of gastrocnemius
Term
describe the relation of the plantaris to other muscles
Definition
tendon passes inferior and medial between gastrocnemius and soleus, descends on medial border of calcaneal tendon (occasionally with it)
Term
what is the insertion of plantaris
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the plantaris
Definition
plantar flexion, flexion at knee
Term
what is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus
Definition
posterior shaft tibia, inferior to soleal line
Term
what is the relation of the flexor digitorum longus to the other muscles around it, describe its path to insertion
Definition
posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum, enters sole of foor and divides into 4 tendons, passes under flexor digitorum brevis slips
Term
where does the flexor digitorum longus insert
Definition
base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
Term
what innervates the flexor digitorum longus
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the flexor digitorum longus
Definition
flexion of toes, plantar flexion, support longitudinal arch
Term
what is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus
Definition
lower 2/3 of posterior surface of shaft fibula
Term
describe the path and relations of the flexor hallucis longus to its insertion
Definition
in groove between medial and lateral tubercles of posterior process talus, posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum, inferior to sustentaculum tali, anterior in sole of foot
Term
where does the flexor hallucis longus insert
Definition
base of fistal phalanx big toe
Term
what innervates flexor hallicus longus
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the flexor hallicus longus
Definition
flexion big toe, plantar flexion, support medial longitudinal arch
Term
what is the most deep muscle of the posterior compartment
Definition
tibialis posterior
Term
where is the origin of the tibialis posterior in relation to other muscles
Definition
between and overlaped by flexor digitorum longus and flexor hallucis longus
Term
what is the origin of the tibialis posterior
Definition
posterior shaft tibia inferior to soleal line, upper posterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane
Term
describe the path or relation of the tibialis posterior to other structures on its way to its insertion
Definition
tendon is anterior (or deep) to flexor digitorum longus, posterior to medial malleolus, under flexor retinaculum
Term
where does the tibialis posterior insert
Definition
tuberosity of navicular and slips into cuboid, cuneiformis, bases of metacarpals 2 and 4
Term
what innervates the tibialis posterior
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the tibialis posterior
Definition
plantar flexion, inversion of foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, support medial longitudinal arch of foot
Term
what is the action of the slips of the tibialis posterior
Definition
hold bones of foot together
Term
what is the origin of the popliteus
Definition
in capsule of knee from lateral condyle of femur and some lateral meniscus
Term
what is the insertion of the popliteus
Definition
posterior shaft tibia, superior soleal line
Term
what innervates the popliteus
Definition
tibial nerve
Term
what is the action of the popliteus if the foot is off the ground
Definition
medial rotation of tibia
Term
what is the action of the popliteus if the foot is on the ground
Definition
lateral rotation of the femur
Term
what is the action of the popliteus regardless of the foot
Definition
flexion at knee
Term
what i the posterior tibial a a branch of
Definition
popliteal a
Term
where does the posterior tibial a begin
Definition
lower border of poplitrus m
Term
what is the path of the posterior tibial a
Definition
inferior in deep posterior compartment, under transverse intermuscular septum,posterior to medial alleolus, under flexor retinaculum,
Term
where is the posterior tibial a most superificial
Definition
after going through flexor retinaculum
Term
how does the posterior tibial a terminate
Definition
dividing into medial and lateral planter arteries
Term
where does the fibular a originate
Definition
from proximal posterior tibial a
Term
describe the path of the fibular a
Definition
posterior to fibula, within flexor hallucis longus or between it and tibialis posterior,
Term
what does the fibular a supply
Definition
posterior and lateral compartment of the leg, distal branches to ankle, heel
Term
what are the distal branches to the ankle and heel off the fibular a
Definition
perforating, communicating, posterior lateral malleolar, and lateral calcaneal branches)
Term
describe the path of the circumflex fibular a
Definition
lateral around neck of fibula, anastomosis around knee
Term
what a supplies muscles of the posterior compartment
Definition
muscular branches of the posterior tibial a
Term
what are the branches of the posterior tibial a
Definition
gibular, circumflex fibular, muscular, posterior medial malleolar, medial calcaneal, medial plantar, lateral plantar
Term
where does the posterior medial malleolar branch of the tibial a end
Definition
anastomosis around ankle
Term
what does the medial calcaneal branches of the posterior tibial a supply
Definition
medial aspect of heel
Term
describe the tibial n path in the leg
Definition
descrnds through popliteal fossa, under tendinous arch of soleus, inferior in deep part of posterior compartment, under stransverse intermuscular septum, posterior to medial melleolus, under flexor retinaculum
Term
what accompanies the tibial n
Definition
posterior tibial a and veins
Term
how does the tibial n terminate
Definition
divides into medial and lateral plantar nerves
Term
what are the branches of the tibial n
Definition
muscular, medial calcaneal, articular to ankle, medial plantar, lateral plantar
Term
what does the medial calcaneal branches of the tibial n supply
Definition
skin of medial and inferior aspects of heel
Term
what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg
Definition
tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius
Term
what are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg innervated by
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
what is the origin of the tibialis anterior
Definition
lateral condyle of tibia, upper lateral shaft tibia, interosseous membrane
Term
what is the insertion of the tibialis anterior
Definition
medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1
Term
where is teh tibialis anterior in teh ankle
Definition
under extensor retinacula
Term
what does the tibialis anterior supply
Definition
deep ibular nerve
Term
what is the action of the tibialis anterior
Definition
dorsiflexion of ankle, inversion of foor at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, assist sin holding up medial longitudinal arch of foot
Term
what is the origin of the extensor digitorum longus
Definition
lateral condyle of tibia, upper 3.4 of the anterior shaft fibula, interosseous membrane
Term
where is the extensor digitorum longus in the ankle
Definition
under extensor retinacula
Term
what is the insertion of the extensor digitorum longus
Definition
divides into 4 slips on dorsal surface form extensor expansions, the then divide into 3 slips each and insert into middle phalanx, two lateral slips join and insert into base of distal phalanx
Term
what innervates the extensor digitorum longus
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
what is the action of the extensor digitorum longus
Definition
extend lateral 4 toes, dorsiflexion of foot at ankle
Term
what is the orogin of the extensor hallucis longus
Definition
middle anterior shaft fibula and interosseous membrane
Term
what is the insertion of the extensor hallicus longus
Definition
tendon passes under extensor retinacula and inserts into base of distal phalanx of big toe
Term
what innervates the extensor hallicus longus
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
what is the action of the extensor hallicus longus
Definition
extend big toe, dorsiflex foot at ankle, inverts foot at subtalar and transverse tarsel joint
Term
what is the orogin of the fibularis teritus
Definition
lower anterior shaft fibula, interossorus membrane
Term
what is the insertion of the fibularis tertius
Definition
dorsal shaft base metacarpal 5
Term
where is the fibularis tertius in the ankle
Definition
under extensor retinacula
Term
what innervates the fibularis tertius
Definition
deep fibular nerve
Term
what is the action of the fibular tertius
Definition
dorsiflexion of the foot at ankle, eversion of foot at sibtalar and transverse joints
Term
what is the anterior tibial a a branch of
Definition
popliteal a
Term
where does the anterior tibial a begin
Definition
lower border of popliteus m
Term
describe the path of the anterior tibial a
Definition
forward intoa nterior compartment of leg, through oprning in upper interosseous membrane
Term
where is the anterior tibial a in the upper 2/3 of the leg
Definition
descends on interosseous membrane covered by anterior compartment muscles
Term
where is the anterior tibial a in the distal 1/3 of the leg
Definition
anterior to ribia covered by skin and fasciae
Term
what is the anterior tibial a accompanied by
Definition
deep fiblar n and anterior tibial veins
Term
describe the location of the anterior tibial a at the ankle
Definition
crossed anterior by tendon of extensor hallucis longus
Term
where is the anterior tibial a distal to the ankle
Definition
continues as dorsalis pedis a
Term
what are the branche sof the anterior tibial a
Definition
muscular, knee and ankle joint anastomosis,
Term
what are the branches of the anterial tibial a that anastomosis at knee
Definition
anterior and posterior tibial
Term
what are the branches of the anterial tibial a that anastomosis at ankle
Definition
anterior medial and anterior lateral malleolar
Term
what is the deep fibular n a branch od
Definition
terminal branch of common fibular n
Term
where does the deep fibular nerve begin
Definition
deep to fibularis longus, lateral to neck of fibula
Term
describe the path of the deep fibular n
Definition
pierces anterior intermuscular septum to anterior compartment, continues onto dorsum of doot
Term
what are the branches of the deep fibular n
Definition
muscula,r articular to ankle
Term
what are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg
Definition
fibularis longus, fibularis brevis,
Term
what are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg innervated byu
Definition
superificial fibular n
Term
what is the superificial muscle of the lateral compartment of the leg
Definition
fibularis longus
Term
what is the origin of the fibularis longus
Definition
lateral surface of head of fibular and upper lalteral surface of shafe of fibula
Term
what is the insertion of the fibularis longus
Definition
medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1
Term
what is the path of the fibularis longus to its insertion, what is it next to and sch
Definition
posterior to lateral melleolus, anterior and inferior on lateral surface of calcaneus, around cuboid and enters groove on its inferior surface, crosses sole of foot from lateral to medial
Term
what innervates the fibularis longus
Definition
superificial fibular n
Term
what is the action of the fibularis longus
Definition
plantar flexion, eversion at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, maintain lateral longitudinal and transverse foot arches
Term
what is the orogin of the fibularis brevis
Definition
lower lateral shaft fibula
Term
what is the path of the fibularis brevis to its insertion, what does it tun by
Definition
posterior and in contact with lateral melleolus, anterior and inferior on lateral calcaneus,
Term
what is the insertion of the fibularis brevis
Definition
tuberosity of base of metacarpal 5
Term
what innervates the fibularis brevis
Definition
superificial fibular n
Term
what is the action of the fibularis vrevis
Definition
plantar flexion, eversion of foot at subtalar and transverse tarsal joints, holds lateral longitudinal arch of foot
Term
what can cause an avulsion fraction of the tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal
Definition
when foot is suddenly inverted and the tuberosity is torn away from tendon of fibularis brevis, severly sprained ankle
Term
what is the chief source of blood to the lateral compartment of the leg
Definition
fibular and anterior tibial arteries
Term
how do branches of the fibular a get into the lateral compartment
Definition
pierce posterior intermuscular septum
Term
how do branches of anterior tibial a get into the lateral compartment
Definition
pierce anterior intermuscular septum
Term
what is the superificial fibular nerve a branch of
Definition
common fibular n
Term
where does the superificial fibualr n begin
Definition
between fibularis longus and fibularis brevis
Term
where does the superificial fibular nerve become superificial
Definition
pierces deep facia in lower leg
Term
what are the branches of the superificial fibular n
Definition
muscular, cutaneous
Term
what do the muscular branches of the superificial fibular n supply
Definition
fibularis longus and brevis
Term
what do the cutaneous branches of the superificial fibular n supply
Definition
skin of lower anteriolateral leg, dorsum mof foot and dorsal surface of big toe,
Term
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the lateral little toe
Definition
sural n
Term
what supplies cutaneous innervation to the adjacent sides of big toe and 2nd toes
Definition
deep fibular n
Term
what structures are anterior to the ankle and superificial to the extensor retinacula
Definition
saphenous n, great sapheous v, branches of superificial fibular n
Term
what passes anterior to ankle and deep of through extensor retinacula
Definition
tendon of tibialis anterior, extensor hallucus ongus, extensor digitorum longus, fibularis tertius. anterior tibial a and v, deep fibula n
Term
what passes posterior to medial malleolus and deep to flexor retinaculum from anterior to posterior
Definition
tendon of tibialis posteriorn, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus. posterior tibial a and v, tibial n
Term
what psses posterior and lateral to malleolus and superificial to superior fibular retinaculum
Definition
sural n, small saphenous v
Term
what passes posteriot to lateral malleolus and deep to superior fibular retinaculum
Definition
tendon of fibularis brevis and longus
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