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Anatomy Lab Test 1
N/A
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
01/20/2013

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Fibrous Joint
Definition
skeletal parts are connected by fibrous tissue=dense regular connective tissue
Term
Cartilaginous Joints
Definition
bones united by cartilage
Term
Synovial Joints
Definition
most common & most moveable joints, allow a greater range of movement
Term
Plane Joints
Definition

articular surfaces are flat, so gliding movements can take place in any direction, but no rotation occurs

-ex: intercarpal joints

Term
Hinge joints
Definition

movement occurs around only one axis and flexion and extension are the movements.

ex: articulation between humerus and ulna at elbow

Term
Pivot Joints
Definition

movement occurs around only one axis and the acis is longitudinal along the shaft of a bone, rotation is the only possible movement

ex: articulation between humerus & radius at the elbow

Term
Condyloid Joints
Definition

like a knuckle, movement is possible around two axes that lie perpemdicular to one another, articular processes are oval and complementary

 

Term
Ankle Sprains
Definition
caused by excessive stretching or tearing of ligaments associated with the talocrural joint
Term
Broken Hip
Definition
a fracture of the femur at the hip joint
Term
Dislocation
Definition
the articulating surfaces of bones within joints are forced out of their normal position
Term
Knee Injuries
Definition

happens because the knee is the largest and most superficial joint in the body. it gets twisted, jolted, and bears most of the weight.

-Torn Meniscus

-Cruciate and Collateral Ligament Tears

Unhappy Triad

Term
Torn Meniscus
Definition
usually caused by twisting motions while the knee is flexed
Term
Cruciate and Collateral Ligament Tears
Definition
ACL is the most commonly damaged by sudden twisting or change in body direction while the foot is planted on the floor
Term
Unhappy Triad
Definition
3 structures are damaged simultaneously: ACL, medial collateral, and medial meniscus
Term
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Definition
pain occurs at the tibial tuberosity where the patellar ligament attaches, is the most common cause of knee pain in the adolescent
Term
Prolapsed Disc
Definition
a deviation of the nucleus pulpous due to degeneration of the annulus fibrosus, often in the lumbar region
Term
Shoulder Separation
Definition
injury in which the clavicle separates from the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint
Term
Bell's Palsy
Definition
paralysis of the muscles of facial expression caused by damage to the facial nerve
Term
Compartment Syndrome
Definition
pressure rises to dangerous levels within enclosed spaces in the limbs that contain muscle groups
Term
Kegel Exercises
Definition
exercises aimed at toning and strengthening the pelvic diaphragm
Term
Muscular Dystrophy
Definition
a group of inherited diseases in which a genetic mutation prevents the body from making normal proteins in skeletal muscle fibers
Term
Muscle Strains (Pulled Muscles)
Definition
involve tearing of muscle fibers, often at the junction of the muscle fascicles with the tendon.
Term
Groin Pulls
Definition
strains to muscles in the medial compartment of the thigh- the pectineus or adductor muscles
Term
Hamstring Pulls
Definition

strains to muscles in the posterior compartment of the thigh

-ex: biceps femoris

Term
Shin Splints
Definition
pain around the shin bone due to microscopic tears in the muscle fascicles of the tibialis anterior where it attaches to the tibia
Term
Tendinosis
Definition
damage to a muscle tendon at the microscopic level where collagen bundles are torn and disrupted
Term
Tennis Elbow
Definition
tendinosis of the common extensor tendon of the forearm muscles at the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. overuse injury caused by repeated motions that stress the commom extensor tendon (such as too many backhand strokes with a tennis racket)
Term
Golfer's Elbow
Definition
tendinosis of the common flexor tendon of the forearm muscles at the medial epicondyle of the humerus. overuse injury caused by repeated motions that stress the common flexor tendon (such as swinging a golf club)
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