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Anatomy Lab 3
N/A
225
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
11/05/2013

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Term
Mandible
Definition
Jaw Bone
Term
Occipital Bone
Definition
Back Plate
Term
Sphenoid Bone
Definition
Butterfly shaped, Front base of the cranial vault
Term
Temporal Bone
Definition
Side plate, lower
Term
Parietal Bone
Definition
side plate upper
Term
Frontal Bone
Definition
Front plate
Term
Ethmoid Bone
Definition
Inner orbit, separates nasal cavity from cranial vault
Term
Inferior Nasal Chonchae
Definition
Spirals in nasal cavity
Term
Lacrimal Bone
Definition
Small Bone, front of orbit
Term
Nasal Bone
Definition
Top of bridge of nose
Term
Vomer
Definition
Bottom of nasal cavity stands vertically
Term
Maxilla
Definition
Face Bone
Term
Palatine Bone
Definition
Forms the bacck of the hard palate
Term
Zygomatic Bone
Definition
Cheek Bone
Term
Mental Foramen
Definition
Small holes on the front of the mandible, mental nerves pass through
Term
Mylohyoid Line
Definition
Ridge on inside of mandible
Term
Genial Tubercles
Definition
Small bumps on the inside medial aspect of the mandible
Term
Angle of the Mandible
Definition
Upward bend in the mandible
Term
Mandibular Foramen
Definition
Hole in the Ramus of the mandible, Inferior alveolar nerve and artery pass through it
Term
Coronoid Process
Definition
Front process of the ramus of the mandible
Term
Mandibular notch
Definition
Notch between the Coronoid and Condylar processes
Term
Condylar Process
Definition
Back process of the mandible
Term
Head of the Mandible
Definition
Enlarged section on the end of the Condylar process
Term
Neck of the Mandible
Definition
Skinny section that attaches the condylar process to the head of the mandible
Term
External Occipital Protuberance
Definition
Bump on the back of the skull
Term
Superior Nuchal Line
Definition
Line above the external occipital protuberance
Term
Inferior Nuchal Line
Definition
Line below the external occipital protuberance
Term
Groove for the superior sagittal sinus
Definition
Groove that runs from front to back along the top of the skull
Term
Groove for the transverse sinus
Definition
laterally running grooves in the back
Term
Foramen Magnum
Definition
Largest hole in bottom of skull
Term
Occipital condyles
Definition
Bumps by the foramen magnum, articulate with the Atlas
Term
Hypoglossal Canal
Definition
Canals along the side of the foramen magnum, Hypoglossal cranial nerve XII runs through it
Term
Sella Turcica
Definition
Saddle shaped depression in the sphenoid bone
Term
Hypophysial Fossa
Definition
Seat of the Sella Turcica, holds the pituitary gland
Term
Dorsum Sallae
Definition
Square section of bone that forms the posterior section of the sella turcica
Term
Sphenoidal Sinus
Definition
Sinus in the Sphenoid bone, directly under the sella turcica
Term
Foramen Rotundum
Definition
Large round hole in sphenoid
Term
Foramen Ovale
Definition
Oval shaped hole in the sphenoid bone
Term
Foramen Spinosum
Definition
Very small hole in the sphenoid bone
Term
Optic Canal
Definition
Canal in front of the Sella Turcica
Term
Pterygoid Process
Definition
Juts off of the sphenoid bone directly behind the palatine bone
Term
Lateral Pterygoid Plate
Definition
Lateral plate of the Pterygoid Process
Term
Medial Pterygoid Plate
Definition
Medial Plate of the Pterygoid process
Term
Pterygoid Hamulus
Definition
Curve in the Medial Pterygoid plate, groove for the tendon of the tensor palati muscle
Term
Pterygoid Fossa
Definition
Area between the Medial and Lateral Pterygoid Plates
Term
Zygomatic Process of the Temporal Bone
Definition
Process on the temporal bone that runs to the zygomatic bone
Term
Mandibular Fossa
Definition
Section of the temporal bone which articulates with the mandible
Term
Styloid Process
Definition
Spikey process on the bottom of the skull
Term
Internal Auditory Meatus
Definition
Holes at top and medial edge of "cranial mountain"
Term
Mastoid Process
Definition
Large Lateral Bumps on the bottom of the skull
Term
Groove for the Sigmoid Sinus
Definition
Groove under the "cranial mountain"
Term
Carotid Canal
Definition
Canal medial and posterior to the foramen ovale
Term
Grooves for the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
Definition
Superior and inferior grooves in the "cranial mountain"
Term
Stylomastoid Foramen
Definition
Small hole between the mastoid process and the styloid process
Term
External Auditory Meatus
Definition
Hole just above the styloid process
Term
Superior Temporal Line of the Parietal Bone
Definition
Curved line beginning at the frontal zygomatic process
Term
Groove of the Middle Meningeal Artery
Definition
Groove that runs from the temporal sides superiorly
Term
Cribiform Plate
Definition
Plate very anterior in the cranial vault
Term
Crista Galli
Definition
Point of the Cribiform Plate
Term
Cribiform Foramina
Definition
Holes in the Cribiform Plate
Term
Perpindiculare Plate
Definition
Under Cribiform Plate
Term
Infraorbital Foramen
Definition
Holes beneath the orbit
Term
Infraorbital groove and canal
Definition
groove and/or canal on the inferior part of the orbit which leads to the infraorbital foramen
Term
Maxillary Sinus
Definition
Sinus under the orbit
Term
Zygomatic Process of the Maxillary Bone
Definition
Process of the maxillary bone which leads to the zygomatic bone
Term
Superior Orbital Fissure
Definition
Fissure lateral to the sella turcica, lateral to optic canal opening in the orbit, but may be continuous with this opening
Term
Foramen Lacerum
Definition
Opening next to the carotid canal
Term
Bregma
Definition
Meeting of sagittal and coronal fissures
Term
Lambda
Definition
Meeting of the Sagittal and Lamboid fissures
Term
Pterion
Definition
Connects the Frontal Bone and Temppral Bone, formed by the sphenoid and the parietal plate
Term
Coronal Suture
Definition
Fissure beyween the frontal plate and the parietal plates
Term
Lambdoid Sture
Definition
Fissure between the Occipital Plate and the Parietal Plates
Term
Sagittal Suture
Definition
Fissure between the parietal plates
Term
Buccinator
Definition
Cheek Muscles
Term
Depressor Anguli Oris
Definition
Frowning Muscle, mandible to corners of mouth
Term
Frontalis
Definition
Muscle of the forehead
Term
Orbicularis Oculi
Definition
Muscles around the eye
Term
Orbicularis Oris
Definition
Muscle around the mouth
Term
Platysma
Definition
Large muscle that runs from mandible and down the neck
Term
Zygomaticus
Definition
Smiling Muscle, runs from corner of the mouth to zygomatic bine
Term
Levator Labii Superioris
Definition
Scrunch nose, run beween orbicularis oris and orbicularis oculi
Term
Masseter
Definition
Muscle of chewing, runs from zygomatic process of the temporal bone to the mandible
Term
Temporalis
Definition
Muscle over the temporal plate
Term
Lateral Pterygoid
Definition
Beneath the zygomatic arch, mandible to maxilla, superior to medial pterygoid
Term
Medial Pterygoid
Definition
beneath the zygomatic arch, Maxilla to the angle of the mandible, inferior to the lateral pterygoid
Term
Trigeminal Cranial Nerve V
Definition
3 Branches - Opthalmic Nerve, Maxillary Nerve, and Mandibular Nerve
Term
Branches of the Opthalmic Nerve
Definition
Supraorbital Nerve
Term
Branches of the Maxillary Nerve
Definition
Infraorbital Nerve
Term
Branches of the Mandibular Nerve
Definition
Inferior Alveolar Nerve--> Dives through the Mandibular foramen--> exits mental foramen--> mental nerve

Lingual Nerve
Term
Facial Cranial Nerve VII
Definition
See branches eminating from the parotid gland, innervate muscles of expression
Term
Chorda Tympani
Definition
Taste branch of the CN VII
Term
Hypoglossal Nerve
Definition
Seen lying on top of the lingual artery
Term
Common Carotid Artery
Definition
Lateral side of the neck, part of a neurovascular bundle with the Internal Jugular Vein and the Vagus Cranial Nerve X
Term
Internal Jugular Vein
Definition
Lateral side of the neck, part of a neurovascular bundle with the common carotid artery and the Vagus Cranial Nerve X
Term
Vagus Cranial Nerve X
Definition
Lateral side of the neck, part of a neurovascular bundle with the common carotid artery and the internal jugular vein
Term
Carotid Sinus
Definition
Enlarged section at the end of the common carotid where the internal and external carotid arteries meet
Term
Internal Carotid Artery
Definition
More posterior branch off of the common Carotid Artery
Term
External Carotid Artery
Definition
More anterior branch off of the common carotid artery
Term
Superior Thyroid Artery
Definition
Leaves the external carotid artery posteriorly and supplies the Thyroid
Term
Lingual Artery
Definition
Leaves theexternal carotid artery superior to the superior thyroid artery. Runs anteriorly toward the tounge. The Hypoglossal nerve lies on top of this artery
Term
Facial Artery
Definition
may leave the external carotid artery superior to the lingual artery or may share a trunk with the lingual artery. Dives deep anterior to the angle of the mandible and arises posterior to the mandible
Term
Maxillary Artery
Definition
One of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery, runs anteriorly and horizontally
Term
Superficial Temporal Artery
Definition
One of the terminal branches of the external carotid artery, runs superior and superficially
Term
Middle Meningeal Artery
Definition
First large branch off of the Maxillary Artery, runs superiorly and enters the cranial vault
Term
Inferior Alveolar Artery
Definition
Branch off of the maxillary Artery, runs with the inferior alveolar nerve into the mandibular foramen
Term
Facial Vein
Definition
Runs across mandible to the medial corner of the eye, dumos into the internal jugular vein
Term
External Jugular Vein
Definition
Receives blood from the veins of the scalp, crosses the sternocleidomastoid
Term
Temperomandibular joint
Definition
Articulation between the mandible and the temporal plate
Term
Parotid Gland and Duct
Definition
Gland on the lateral side of the face, duct runs medially
Term
Sternocleidomastoid
Definition
Muscle which runs from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process
Term
Lateral Sulcus
Definition
Line on the lateral side of the brain which defines the superior border of the temporal lobe
Term
Central Sulcus
Definition
Large line in the middle of the brain which runs superiorly, divides the frontal lobe from the parietals
Term
Precentral Gyrus
Definition
Gyrus just in front of the central sulcus
Term
Postcentral Gyrus
Definition
Gyrus just posterior to the central sulcus
Term
Parieto-occipital Sulcus
Definition
Divides the parietal lobes from the occipital lobe, on a hemisected brain it forms a Y with the Calcarine sulcus
Term
Calcarine Sulcus
Definition
Sulcus that begins near the pole of the occipital lobe, forms a Y with the parieto-occipital sulcus
Term
Pre-occipital Notch
Definition
notch on the bottom side of the brain markes the anterior border of the occipital lobe
Term
Frontal Lobe
Definition
anterior section of the brain, bounded posteriorly by the central sulcus and inferiorly by the lateral sulcus
Term
Parietal Lobe
Definition
Middle and superior lobe, bounded anteriorly by the central sulcus, inferiorly by the lateral sulcus, and posteriorly by the parieto-occipital suclcus
Term
Occipital Lobe
Definition
Most posterior section of the brain, bounded anteriorly by the parieto-occipital sulcus
Term
Temporal Lobe
Definition
Middle and inferior section of the brain, bounded superiorly by the lateral sulcus
Term
Cerebellar Hemispheres
Definition
Left and right sections of the cerebellum
Term
Vermis
Definition
Worm-like structure which separates the hemispheres of the cerebellum
Term
Lateral ventricles
Definition
Large side-by-side ventricles in the brain, most superior
Term
Septum Pellucidum
Definition
thin wall which separates the lateral ventricles
Term
Interventricular foramen
Definition
Lead from the lateral ventricles to the third ventricle
Term
Corpus Callosum
Definition
Links the two hemispheres of the cerebrum and acts as the roof of the lateral ventricles
Term
Third Ventricle
Definition
Single ventricle located below the lateral ventricles, contains the diencephalon
Term
Cerebral aqueduct
Definition
Tube leading from the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle
Term
Fourth Ventricle
Definition
Final ventricle, located near the cerebellum
Term
Choronoid Plexus
Definition
Specialized capillary structures located within the ventricles which produce cerbrospinal fluid
Term
Medulla
Definition
Distal section of the brain stem
Term
Inferior Pontine Sulcus
Definition
Indentation between the medulla and the pons
Term
Pons
Definition
Enlarged round section of the brain stem
Term
Superior Pontine Sulcus
Definition
Indentation between the pons and the midbrain
Term
Mamillary bodies
Definition
small rounded protrusions right in front of the midbrain
Term
Optic Tract
Definition
The part of the X created by the optic nerves which is closest to the brain stem
Term
Optic Chiasm
Definition
Meeting of the Optic Tracts and the Optic Nerves
Term
Optic Nerves
Definition
Nerve continuations between the Optic Chiasm and the bulb of the eyes
Term
Thalamus
Definition
Forms the walls of the third ventricle
Term
Hypothalamic Sulcus
Definition
Groove between the thalamus and the hypothalamus
Term
Hypothalamus
Definition
Inferior section of the third ventricle, separated from the thalamus by the hypothalamic sulcus
Term
Mammilary Bodies
Definition
The little boobies of the brain
Term
Infundibulum
Definition
leads to the pituitary gland
Term
Vertebral Arteries
Definition
Travel through the transverse foramina of the cervical vertebrae, combine to form the Basilar Artery
Term
Basilar Artery
Definition
Formed by the junction of the vertebral arteries, splits into the posterior cerebral arteries
Term
Posterior Cerebral Artery
Definition
Branch off from the Basilar Artery, connected to the internal carotid artery via the posteroir communicating artery
Term
Internal Carotid Artery
Definition
Enter the cranial vault via the carotid canal, has branches the form the anterior cerebral artery, the posterior communicating, and the middle cerebral artery
Term
Middle Cerebral Artery
Definition
branch off of the common carotid artery, runs laterally
Term
Anterior Cerebral Arteries
Definition
Branch off the internal carotid artery, runs anteriorly, linked by the anterior communicating branch
Term
Posterior Communicating Arteries
Definition
Link the posterior cerebral artery and the internal carotid artery
Term
Anterior Communicating Artery
Definition
Links the anterior cerebral arteries
Term
Middle Meningeal Arteries
Definition
Run superiorly up the scalp about midway back
Term
Falx Cerebri
Definition
section of dura that runs through the longitudinal fissure
Term
Tentorium Cerebelli
Definition
Dura Mater that separates the the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Term
Superior Sagittal Sinus
Definition
Sinus that runs on the superior aspect of the cranial vault, from anterior to posterior
Term
Arachnoid Granulations
Definition
Protusions into the sinuses from the dura mater to allow CSF to pass into the sinuses
Term
Straight Sinus
Definition
Travels straight back and links the inferior sagittal to the superior sagittal sinses
Term
Inferior Sagittal SInus
Definition
Runs on the same plane as the superior sagittal sinus but deeper in the longitudinal fissure
Term
Confluence of Sinuses
Definition
Meeting of many different sinuses directly under the external occipital protuberance
Term
Transverse Sinus
Definition
Travel laterally from the confluence of sinuses
Term
Sigmoid Sinus
Definition
Link between the transverse sinus and the internal jugular vein
Term
Cavernous Sinuses
Definition
Group of venous structures lateral to the sella turcica, as the sinus moves posteriorly it becomes the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses
Term
Superior Petrosal Sinus
Definition
Links the Cavernous Sinus to the transverse sinus
Term
Inferior Petrosal Sinus
Definition
Links the cavernous sinus to the sigmoid sinus
Term
Posterior Triangle of the neck
Definition
Area formed by the Sternocleidomastoid muscle and the trapezius muscle
Term
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle
Definition
Muscle running from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the skull
Term
External Jugular Vein
Definition
Crosses the Sternocleidomastoid superficially
Term
Trapezius
Definition
Extrinsic back muscle, forms the posterior boundary of the posterior triangle of the neck
Term
Anterior Triangle of the Neck
Definition
Area of the neck bounded by the sternocleidomastoid muscle and the midline of the neck
Term
Hyoid Bone
Definition
Horseshoe shaped bone in the neck situated below the chin and above the thyroid cartilage
Term
Thyroid Cartilage
Definition
Large shield-like cartilaginous structure which sits between the hyoid bone and the cricoid cartilage
Term
Cricoid Cartilage
Definition
Smaller ring of cartilage that sits directly below the Thyroid cartilage
Term
Trachea
Definition
Tube which connects the pharynx and larynx to the lungs
Term
Pharynx
Definition
Throat; divided into the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
Term
Tongue
Definition
Muscle inside the oral cavity
Term
Palatoglossal arch
Definition
Most anterior arch in the back of the throat, with the mucus membrane removed it is known as the pataltoglossal muscle
Term
Palatopharyngeal Arch
Definition
Posterior arch in the back of the throat, with mucus membrane removed it is known as the palatopharyngeal muscle
Term
Soft Palate
Definition
Behind the hard palate
Term
Uvula
Definition
Hangs down between the two arches in the back of the mouth
Term
Posterior Pharyngeal Wall
Definition
Back of the pharynx, made up of the constrictor muscles
Term
Larynx
Definition
Series of cartilages and, muscles and bones that allow for the production of raw sounds
Term
Levator Scapulae
Definition
Most posterior muscle that makes up the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck
Term
Scaleneus Posterior, Medius, and Anterior
Definition
Anterior muscles that make up the floor of the posterior triangle of the neck
Term
Omohyoid Muscle
Definition
Muscle that descends the neck and then turns to follow the shoulder; divided into a superior belly (runs down the neck, just laterally to the sternohyoid muscle) and an inferior belly (runs along the shoulder
Term
Brachial Plexus
Definition
Plexus of nerves seen passing between the Scaleneus Medius and Scaleneus Anterior Muscles
Term
Subclavian Artery
Definition
Laterally running artery seen emerging from between the Scaleneus Medius and Scaleneus Anterior Muscles
Term
Subclavian Vein
Definition
Laterally running vein which passes in front of the Scaleneus anterior Muscle
Term
Spinal Accessory Cranial Nerve XI
Definition
Seen in the posterior triangle of the neck lying on top of the levator scapulae
Term
Phrenic Nerve
Definition
Nerve seen in the posterior triangle of the neck lying on top of the Scaleneus Anterior Muscle
Term
Cervical Plexus
Definition
Plexus of nerves found in the posterior triangle of the neck (don't mistake for the brachial plexus)
Term
Sternohyoid Muscles
Definition
Most superficial and medial of the infrahyoid muscles, run from the hyoid bone to the sternum
Term
Sternothyroid Muscle
Definition
Strap-like muscle that runs from sternum to thyroid cartilage, just deep to the sternohyoid muscle and the omohyoid muscle, appears to be a continuous strap with the thyrohyoid
Term
Thyrohyoid Muscle
Definition
Muscle running from the thyroid cartilage to the hyoid bone, just deep to the sternohyoid muscle and the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, Appears to be a continuous strap with the Sternothyroid muscle
Term
Laryngeal Prominence
Definition
"Adam's apple," thyroid cartilage
Term
1st Tracheal Ring
Definition
1st section of cartilage of the trachea below the cricoid cartilage
Term
Esophagus
Definition
Tube of the GI System that lies directly behind the trachea
Term
Digastricus Muscle
Definition
Muscle with two bellies just below the jaw. Attaches to the middle section of the mandible, travels down to the hyoid bone (anterior belly), and then travels back to attach to the mastoid process of the skull (posterior belly)
Term
Hypoglossal Cranial Nerve XII
Definition
Supplies motor innervation to the tongue, seen inferior to the posterior digastricus and superior to the hyoid bone moving superiorly, moves behind the mylohyoid muscle
Term
Internal and External Carotid Arteries
Definition
Found in the anterior triangle of the neck
Term
Sympathetic trunk
Definition
Superior end can be found deep and medial to the common carotid artery in the neck
Term
Stylohyoid Muscle
Definition
Travels from the Styloid process to the hyoid bone between the bellies of the digastricus muscle
Term
Submandibular Salivary Glands
Definition
Salivary glands below the mandible
Term
Mylohyoid Muscle
Definition
Forms the bottom of the mouth
Term
Constrictor Muscles
Definition
Make up the posterior wall of the pharynx
Term
Glossopharyngeal Cranial Nerve IX
Definition
Can be seen passing between the superior and middle constrictor muscles
Term
Choanae
Definition
Posterior nasal openings
Term
Epiglottis
Definition
Cartilaginous Flap which covers the trachea
Term
Nasal Conchae
Definition
"Scrolls", rolls of tissue in the nasal cavity
Term
Tensor Palati Muscle
Definition
Most anterior of the two muscles in the nasal canal
Term
Levator Palati Muscle
Definition
Most posterior of the two muscles in the nasal cavity
Term
Opening of the Auditory Tube
Definition
Opening in the nasopharynx towards the ears
Term
Geniohyoid Muscle
Definition
Small muscles attached to the genial tubercles and the hyoid bone, superior to the mylohyoid muscle
Term
Palatine Tonsils
Definition
Balls that lie between the two arches that lie at the back of the mouth
Term
Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle
Definition
Inferior and posterior big muscles, lie mostly on the cricoid cartilage
Term
Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscles
Definition
Located on the lateral side of the larynx, deep to the thyroid cartilage
Term
Arytenoid Muscle
Definition
Superior to the Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscles
Term
Cricothyroid Muscles
Definition
Seen on the anterior side, travel from cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage, "bowtie"
Term
Superior Laryngeal Nerve
Definition
Branch off of the Vagus nerve at the level of the hyoid bone and lies on the lateral surface of the middle and inferior constrictor muscles
Term
Internal Laryngeal Nerve
Definition
Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve, enters the thyrohyoid membrane
Term
External Laryngeal Nerve
Definition
Runs to the Cricothyroid muscle
Term
Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves
Definition
Nerves running up in the sulcus formed by the esophagus and traches
Term
Vestibular Folds
Definition
More superior folds in the larynx, false vocal cords
Term
Vocal Folds
Definition
More inferior folds of the larynx, vocal cords
Term
Ventricle of the Larynx
Definition
Located between the vestibular folds and the vocal folds
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