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Anatomy lab quiz 1
Kondo
96
Anatomy
Undergraduate 4
06/25/2008

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Cards

Term
How do you determine the overall magnification of a microscope?
Definition
Ocular lens power x objective lens power.
Term

1.      Define parfocal

Definition
Lens that stay in focus when magnification or focal length is changed.
Term

1.      Define resolution

Definition
The ability to distinguish between two points
Term

1.      What lens do you always start with when you are examining a specimen with the microscope.

Definition
Scanning or lowest power
Term

1.      What happens to the size of the field of view when you increase magnification.

Definition
Decreases in size
Term

A)    Gross anatomy

Definition
Study of structures without the aid of a microscope
Term

A)    Systemic anatomy

Definition
Study of specific systems of the body (i.e. reproductive)
Term

A)    Embryology

Definition
Study of development from fertilized egg to week 8
Term

A)    Histology

Definition
Microscopic study of tissue structures
Term

A)    Cytology

Definition
Chemical and microscopic study of cell structure
Term

A)    Pathological anatomy

Definition
Study of structural changes associated with disease
Term
Face
Definition
Facial
Term
Wrist
Definition
Corpal
Term
Breast
Definition
Mammary
Term
Shoulder
Definition
Acromial
Term
Chin
Definition
Mental
Term
Cheek
Definition
Buccal
Term
Arm
Definition
Brachial
Term
Hip
Definition
Coxal
Term
Back of elbow
Definition
Olecranal
Term
Hollow behind knee
Definition
Popliteal
Term
Armpit
Definition
Axillary
Term
Leg
Definition
Crural
Term
Thigh
Definition
Femoral
Term
Forearm
Definition
Antebrachial
Term
Mouth
Definition
Oral
Term
Eye
Definition
Orbital
Term
Ankle
Definition
Tarsal
Term
Groin
Definition
Inguinal
Term
Front of elbow
Definition
Antecubital
Term
Front of knee
Definition
Patellar
Term
Buccal & Inguinal
Definition
Superior/Inferior
Term
Phalanges & Axillary
Definition
Distal/Proximal
Term
Antecubital & Coxal
Definition
Lateral/Medial; Superior/Inferior
Term
Mammary & Lumbar
Definition
Anterior/Posterior; Superior/Inferior
Term
Buccal & Popliteal
Definition
Superior/Inferior
Term

A)    Midsagittal plane

Definition
Vertical plane that passes directly through the midline of the structure
Term

A)    Frontal plane

Definition
Plane that divides the structure into anterior and posterior portions
Term

A)    Transverse plane

Definition
Plane that divides the structure into superior and inferior portions
Term

A)    Oblique plane

Definition
Plane that passes through the structure at an angle between the traverse plane and either a sagittal or frontal plane
Term

1.      What cavities are found in the dorsal body cavity?

Definition
Cranial and vertebral
Term

1.      What cavities are found in the ventral body cavity?

Definition
Thoracic and abdominopelvic
Term

A)    Plasma membrane

Definition
Protection; regulates the passage of material
Term

A)    Nucleus

Definition
Control center; contains DNA
Term
Definition
C) Cytoskeleton
Term

A)    Mitochondria

Definition
Cell respiration
Term

A)    Lysosome

Definition
Digestion
Term

A)    Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Definition
Modification, transport, packaging of proteins
Term

A)    Golgi bodies

Definition
Processes, sorts, packages and delivers proteins and lipids to the plasma membrane and forms lysosomes and secretory vesicles.
Term

A)    Ribosomes

Definition
Protein synthesis
Term

A)    Nucleolus

Definition
Ribosome production
Term

A)    Peroxisomes

Definition
Digestion; detoxification
Term

A)    Centrioles

Definition
Forms mitotic spindle
Term

1.      Name the stages of the cell cycle.  During what stage is DNA replicated?

Definition
G1, S, G2, Mitosis; S phase
Term

1.      What are the four stages of mitosis?  Describe briefly what occurs during each stage?

Definition
Prophase – chromosome condense, nuclear envelope disintegrates, spindle formation
Metaphase – chromosome alignment on metaphase plate
Anaphase – chromosome separation
Telophase – chromosome decondense, nuclear envelope reforms; 2 daughter cells formed
Term

1.      What is a tight junction?

Definition
Water tight connection between 2 adjacent cell membranes
Term

1.      What is an anchoring junction?

Definition
Non-water tight connection between 2 adjacent cell membranes
Term

A)    Apical surface

Definition
Exposed/luminal surface
Term

A)    Basal lamina

Definition
Non-exposed/non-luminal surface attached to basement membrane
Term

A)    Endothelium

Definition
Simple squamous epithelium that lines organs and vessels not exposed to the environment.
Term

A)    Mesothelium

Definition
Simple squamous epithelium lining body cavities
Term

A)    Exocrine gland

Definition
Ducted gland
Term

A)    Endocrine gland

Definition
Ductless gland
Term

1.      Epithelial tissue is avascular (T or F)   and 

innervated (supplies nerves) (T or F)                 

Definition
T, T
Term

1.      Epithelial tissue has a high mitotic rate (T or F) 

Definition
T
Term
Where would you find stratified squamous epithelium? 
Definition
Skin, mouth
Term
Where would you find transitional epithelium?
Definition
Bladder
Term
Where would you find simple cuboidal epithelium?
Definition
Kidney tubules
Term
Where would you find simple columnar epithelium?
Definition
GI tract
Term
Where would you find pseudostratified columnar epithelium?        
Definition
Respiratory tract
Term

1.      Most connective tissue is innervated (T or F)
 

2.      Most connective tissue is vascularized (T or F)

 

Definition
T, T
Term
What is the matrix composed of?      
Definition
Ground substances and fibers
Term
What ground substance provides for joint lubrication?
Definition
Hyaluronic acid
Term
What ground substance provides for support & adhesiveness in the skin?   
Definition
Chondrotin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, and keratin sulfate
Term

1.      Name the three types of fibers that are found in the connective tissue matrix.

Definition
Collagen, elastic, reticular
Term

1.      What type of connective tissue forms all other kinds of connective tissue?

Definition
Mesenchyme
Term

1.      What kind of cells make up adipose tissue?

Definition
Adipocytes
Term

1.      What kind of connective tissue are tendons & ligaments?

Definition
Dense regular
Term

1.      What type of connective tissue forms the subcutaneous layer of the skin?

Definition
Areolar or loose
Term

1.      What type of connective tissue is found in membrane capsules surrounding organs?

Definition
Dense irregular
Term

1.      What substance gives cartilage its strength?

Definition
Collagen
Term

1.      What substance gives cartilage its resilience?

Definition
Chondroitin sulfate
Term

A)    Chondrocytes

Definition
cartilage cell
Term

A)    Lacunae

Definition
spaces in cartilage and bone where the cells reside
Term

A)    Osteon

Definition
– functional unit of bone
Term

A)    Lamellae

Definition
– concentric layers of matrix in bone
Term

A)    Canaliculi

Definition
– Canals that connect lacunae in bone with one another
Term

A)    Osteoblasts

Definition
– secretory cells of bone
Term

A)    Erythrocyte

Definition
– red blood cell
Term

A)    Leukocyte

Definition
– white blood cell
Term

1. What are intercalated discs?

Definition
Connections between cardiac muscle cells that contain adhering and gap junctions
Term

1.      What are neurons?

Definition
Nerve cells
Term

1.      What are neuroglia?

Definition
Cells that support (structurally and metabolicall) neurons
Term

1.      What are dendrites?

Definition
Receptive portions of the neuron; receives information
Term

1.      What is an axon?

Definition
Long, cylindrical portion; conveys information to the next cell.
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