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Anatomy/histology quiz 5
enamel, dentin and pulp
16
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
10/09/2008

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Term
calcium hydroxyapate
Definition
  • the main componet of the crystalline formation in mature enamel
  • chemical formula: Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2
  • simular to what is found in lesser %s in bone, dentin and cementum
Term
enamel
Definition
  • hardest calcified tissue in the human body
  • avascular wih no nerves
  • a crystalline formationof mainly calcium hydroxyapate
  • other minerals such as carbonate, magnesium,potassium, sodium, and fluoride are also present in smaller amounts
  • 96% inorganic, 1% organic, 3% water
Term
amelogenesis
Definition
  • the process of enamel formation that occurs during the apposition stage of tooth development
  •  accurs in two waves
  1. first wave- enamel matrix is first formed in the incisal/occlusal portion of the future crown.
  2. second wave- over laps the first wave, entire process then moves cervically to the CEJ
Term
ameloblasts
Definition
  • columnar cell
  • differentiate during the apposistion stage in the crown area
  • produce enamel matrix
Term
Tome's Process
Definition
  • the secretory surface of teh ameloblast that faces the DEJ
  • secretes enamel matrix
Term
attrition
Definition
  • wearing away of hard tissue as a result of tooth-to-tooth contact
  • increases with age
  • permanent 1st molars wear more than seconds, seconds more than thirds
Term
abrasion
Definition
  • mechanical wear
  • enamel loss caused by excessive tootbrushing or abrasive tooth paste
  • usually on facial cervical areas
  • lesions are more wide than deep
  • canines often affected due to their postion in the arch
Term
caries
Definition
  • enamel loss through chemical means
  • process by which is cavity is created through demineralization
  • due to acid
Term
abfraction
Definition
  • loss of enamel through tensile and compressive forces during tooth flexure (parafunctional habits)
  • can affect both the facial and lingual cervical areas
  • consists of cervical lesions that cannot be attributed to any particular cause
  • enamal pops off starting at cervial region exposign the area to further wear, dentin hypersensitivity or caries
  • deep, narrow V shaped notch
Term
erosion
Definition
  • loss of enamel through chemical means
  • caused by acids NOT involving bacteria- eg vomit, gastric reflux, soft/sports drinks
  • broad concavities within smooth surface enamel
  • cupping of occlusal surfaces with dentin
  • yellow underlying dentin is exposed and can undergo attrition bc it is less mineralized than enamel
Term
dentinogenesis
Definition
  • process of dentin matrix, or pre-dentin formation
  • occurs during the apposition stage of tooth development
Term
imbrication lines of von Ebner
Definition
  • microscopic feature of dentin
  • incremental lines or bands that stain darkly
  • show the incremental nature of dentin apposition
  • run at right angles to the dentinal tubules
Term
Contour lines of Owen
Definition
  • microscopic feature of dentin
  • a number of adjoining parallel inbrication lines
  • demonstrate a disturbance in the body metabolism that affects the odontoblasts by altering their formation efforts
  • appear as a series of dark bands
Term
neonatal line
Definition
  • microscopic feature of dentin
  • most pronounced contour line
  • occurs during the trauma of birth
Term
 tetracycline staining
Definition
  • microscopic contour lines
  • the antibiotic becomes permanently and chemically bound to the dentin
Term
pulp
Definition
  • innermost tissue of the tooth
  • a connective tissue that forms from the central cells of the dental papilla of the tooth germ
involved in
  1. support
  2. maintenance
  3. pain perception
  4.  continued formation of dentin- inner layer of the cell bodies of odontoblasts remain along the outer pulpal wall
  5. nutritional functions for dentin- bc dentin has no blood supply of its own
  6. protective functions due to its involvement in the formation of secondary dentin, which increases pulp coverage
  • contains WBCs- allows triggering of inflammatory and immune response
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