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Anatomy Heart Month 1 Week 2 Day 1
Anatomy Heart Month 1 Week 2 Day 1
49
Anatomy
Graduate
05/15/2018

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Term
the anterior surface of the heart is mostly
Definition
right ventricle
Term
ductus arteriorsus connects
Definition
left pulmonary artery to arch of aorta
Term
left recurrent laryngeal nerve pathway
Definition
hooks around the ligamentum arteriosum to run posterior to the aorta to supply the larynx
Term
artery in atrial ventricular groove
Definition
right coronary artery
Term
the pericardial sinus separates
Definition
the outflow tracks of the heart from the inflow tracks
Term
there is a close relationship between the left atrium and...
Definition
the esophagus, useful for performing a transesophageal echocardiogram
Term
the right border of the heart is formed by
Definition
the right atrium (embraced by the right lung)
Term
the left border of the heart is formed by
Definition
the left ventricle
Term
the part of the heart that sits on the diaphragm
Definition
the left ventricle
Term
coronary circulation off aorta
Definition
right coronary and left coronary branch off aorta just distal to aortic valves. Right coronary -> atrioventricular grooves btween RA and LA-> posterior diaphragmatic surface of heart -> interventricular groove

left coronary artery circumflex branch -> follows atrioventricular groove to posterior surface of heart

left coronary artery anterior interventricular artery (LAD)(MIs) -> LV
Term
venous drain of the heart
Definition
coronary sinus is the main drainage running in atrioventricular groove from left to right -> right atrium (which rec's systemic blood both from superior and inferior vena cava and rec's cardiac blood from coronary veins that drain thru coronary sinus into right atrium)
Term
where is the SA node
Definition
right atrium (sinus node). follow crista terminalis superiorly to it's termination at the superior vena cava to find SA node (cardiac pacemaker)
Term
flow of blood through heart
Definition
superior vena cava -> RA -> RV -> Pulmonary Trunk -> Right Lung -> LA -> LV -> aorta
Term
junction between smooth and rough part of right atrium
Definition
crista terminalis
Term
foramen ovalae
Definition
shunts blood in the fetus from RA to LA (fossa ovalis is the adult remnant)
Term
SA node and AV node picture location
Definition
[image]
Term
vein entering LA
Definition
right pulmonary vein
Term
which ventricle wall is thicker
Definition
left (because it has to overcome systemic pressure)
Term
mitral valve location
Definition
between LA and LV. have papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
Term
tricuspid valve location
Definition
between RA and RV. have papillary muscles and chordae tendineae
Term
smooth outflow of the right ventricle
Definition
infundibulum (smoothness is due to venous incorporation during fetal development)
Term
coronary sinus
Definition
in atrioventricular groove, carries venous outflow of the heart into the right atrium
Term
AV node location
Definition
at the triangle of Koch, bounded by the tendon of Todero, the septal cusp of the tricuspid valve and the coronary sinus
Term
purpose of the papillary muscles through the cordae tendineae
Definition
serve to keep the valve closed when the heart contracts
Term
valve connecting right ventricle to pulmonary outflow
Definition
pulmonary valve/pulminary semilunar vavle
Term
valves in diastole
Definition
atrioventricular valves are open, ventricles are filling, and pulmonary and aortic valves are closed
Term
valves in systole
Definition
the ventricles are contracting so the aortic and pulmonary valves are open and the atrioventricular valves are closed
Term
where can the heart be palpated
Definition
5th intercostal space at mid-clavicular line, the PMI or point of maximal impulse
Term
where to listen to the aortic valve
Definition
2nd intercostal space on right
Term
where to listen to pulmonary valve
Definition
2nd intercostal space on left
Term
where to listen to mitral/bicuspid valve
Definition
at PMI at apex of heart
Term
where to listen to the tricuspid valve
Definition
just to the left of the xiphisternal junction
Term
what is a thrill
Definition
feels like a cat purring under the skin, associated with a murmer
Term
listening for what when ascultating the heart
Definition
the valves closing S1, S2 is lub, dub. S1 is systole when blood is pumping out of the heart so the aortic and pulmonary valves are open, so what you hear on S1 is the closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves or AV valves so you will hear this sound louder at those valves. The aortic and pulmonic valves close during diastole when the heart is resting. S2 will be louder at aortic/pulmonary valve (closing during diastole), go to Erb's point- 3rd intercostal space on left sternal border as palate clenser S1=S2, S1 louder than S2 at tricuspid/mitral
Term
2 positions you must listen in before you confirm there is not murmer
Definition
have pt lean forward to listen to aortic and pulmonic, to listen for tricuspid or mitral murmur put pt in left lateral position (the mitral region is where you can hear gallops)
Term
what are retractions
Definition
intercostal spaces taht are sucking in when inhaling and belowing out when exhaling
Term
anterior to posterior size of chest should be
Definition
1/2 of lateral, if it becomes 1:1 that is barrel chesting
Term
pectus carinatum
Definition
when the sternum wings up at you
Term
pectus excavatum
Definition
where the sternum wings down (may be a problem w being able to take a breath in and out)
Term
if there is pain on ribs upon palpation means
Definition
inflammation of costal cartiladge
Term
when you breathe in the diaphragm should move..
Definition
down
Term
where do the lungs end?
Definition
T10, two finger widths above waist
Term
to listen to the pt's right middle lobe
Definition
have pt lift arm and listen just anterior to midaxillary line
Term
costodiaphragmatic recess
Definition
where the diaphragmatic pleura blends to become costal pleura
Term
cardiophrenic angle
Definition
where the heart and the diaphragm meet
Term
knobs along left heart border from superior to inferior
Definition
aortic knob, pulmonary trunk, LA, LV
Term
MRI vs xray fat
Definition
bright on MRI, grey on x-ray
Term
defect that can lead to a stroke in an individual with progressive heart failure
Definition
atrial septal defect
Term
ordinary flow through an atrial septal defect
Definition
left to right bc rt heart pressure is lower than left heart pressure, not a big deal if small but if larger can cause hypertrophy to the rt heart over time and then can cause reverse flow from rt to left, then the rt heart won't be delivering enough blood to the lungs and over time can develop rt atrial fibrillation and then formation of a blood clot
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