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| Four series of the bone of the skull |
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1) Bones of the cranial base
2) roofing bones
3) facial bones
4) skeletal elements of the pharyngeal arches |
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| Bones that form a protective covering over the brain |
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| Attachment site for dura mater |
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| Olfactory Nerve passes through a hole in the |
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| optic nerve passes through |
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Optic Canal
in lesser wing of sphenoid |
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| maxillary nerve passes though |
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Foramen Rotundum
in the greater wing of the sphenoid |
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| Oculomotor Nerve, Trochlear Nerve, Ophthalmic Nerve and Abducens Nerve all pass through |
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Superior Orbital Fissure
in lesser wing of sphenoid |
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| Mandibular Nerve passes through |
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Foramen Ovale
in the greater wing of the sphenoid |
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| Holes in the Lesser Wing of the Sphenoid |
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Optic Canal
Superior Orbital Fissure |
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| Holes in the Greater Wing of the Sphenoid |
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Foramen Rotundum
Foramen Ovale |
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| Attachment for Pharyngeal Arch 1 muscles |
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| Facial Nerve and Vestibulocochlear Nerve passes through |
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Internal Acoustic Meatus
of the petrous part of the temporal bone |
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| Entryway into skull for internal carotid artery |
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| Ring of membrane bone around external acoustic meatus |
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| hole between styloid process and mastoid process |
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| Glossopharyngeal Nerve passes through |
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Jugular Foramen
of the Basilar part of the Occipital bone |
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| Large passageway for spinal cord/ brain junction and vertebral arteries |
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Foramen Magnum
of the Basilar part of the Occipital bone |
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| Hypoglossal Nerve passes through |
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Definition
Hypoglossal Canal
of the Basilar part of the Occipital bone |
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| Holes in the Basilar part of the Occipital bone |
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Foramen Magnum
Jugular Foramen
Hypoglossal Canal |
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| Forms posterior wall of skull |
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| Squamous part of Occipital bone |
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| Bone of skull associated with sense of smell |
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| Bone of skull associated with Special sense of sight |
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| Bone of skull associated with special senses of hearing and balance |
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| Most posterior part of cranial base |
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| Inferior Nasal Concha bone Arch |
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| Form posterior part of hard palate |
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| External nose is composed of |
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| Nasal bones and cartilage |
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| Anterior opening to nasal cavity |
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| External Nares or Nostrils |
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| Extensions of the nasal cavity |
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| Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid and Maxillary |
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| How much of the eye is visible anteriorly |
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| Membrane that secretes a lubricating mucus in the eye |
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| Anterior eye and inner surface of eyelids |
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| From where do tears drain |
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| Most external coverings of the eye |
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| Fibrous tunic is composed of |
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| Protects and shapes the eyeball |
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| Anterior sixth of the fibrous tunic |
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| Round, transparent window that allows light into the eye |
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| Part of the light bending apparatus of the eye |
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| Middle covering of the eye |
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| Three parts of the Vascular tunic |
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| Choroid, Ciliary Body and Iris |
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| Highly vascular, darkly pigmented membrane in the eye |
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| Thickened ring of tissue encircling the lens |
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| Attach the ciliary processes to the lens |
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| Lies between the Cornea and the Lens |
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| Muscle that surrounds the pupil |
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| Deepest and most delicate of the eye coverings |
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| Also called the 'blind spot' |
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| Thick, transparent biconvex disc that changes shape to allow focusing light to the retina |
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| Parts of the eye that lack blood vessels |
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| Most of the crude focusing of light is done by |
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| Fine focusing of light is done by |
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| Posterior to the lens, the eye is filled with |
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| Anterior to the lens, the eye is filled with |
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| Insufficient drainage of aqueous humor results in |
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| Middle ear cavity begins at |
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| the first pharyngeal pouch |
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| Lateral surface of middle ear cavity is bounded by |
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| Tympanic Membrane or Ear Drum |
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| Another name for ear drum |
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| Middle ear cavity is connected to the pharynx through |
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| Auditory of Eustachian tube |
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| Form a bony ridge from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear |
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| Malleus, Incus and Stapes |
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| Membrane covered opening into the bony labyrinth |
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| Fluid filling the Bony Labyrinth |
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| Two parts of the Membranous Labyrinth |
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| Semicircular canals and Cochlea |
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| Deal with sense of balance |
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| Deal with sense of hearing |
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| Makes of most of the superior part of the brain |
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| Constitutes 83% of total brain mass |
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| Divide brain into left and right hemispheres |
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| Thin outer layer of the cerebrum |
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| Elevated folds in the brain |
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| Control skilled voluntary movements of limbs and trunk |
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| Coordinate muscles involved in speech |
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| Control voluntary movements of eye and eyelids |
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| Concentration, problem solving and planning |
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| Interpret sensory impulses coming from the skin |
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| Involved in understanding speech |
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| Involved in verbal articulation of thoughts and emotions |
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| Aid in interpretation of shapes and textures of objects being touched |
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Interpret sensory impulses from inner ear
(balance and hearing) |
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| Involved in recognition of sound |
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| Involved in recognition of visual images |
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| Bridge of cerebral white matter that transmits impulses between the two cerebral hemispheres |
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| Composed of two egg shaped masses that lie inferior to the corpus callosum |
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| Involuntary control center of the body |
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| Regulates the Autonomic nervous system |
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Autonomic nervous system
Body temperature
Sleep-Wake Cycle
endocrine system
Hunger and Thirst
Sex Drive
Fear
Pleasure
Rage |
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| Connects the brainstem and spinal cord with the thalamus and cerebrum |
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| Unconscious and startle reflexes |
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| Helps control smooth transition between inhalation and exhalation |
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| Helps relay sensory impulses to cerebrum |
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| Involuntary activity regulatory centers |
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| Contains all ascending and descending tracts connecting spinal cord and brain |
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| Works with motor areas of cerebrum to control and coordinate posture and contractions of skeletal muscles |
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| Cerebrum and Orbits are supplied by |
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Definition
| Left and Right Internal Carotid Arteries |
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| Midbrain and hindbrain are supplied by |
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Definition
| Left and Right Vertebral Arteries |
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| The two Vertebral arteries unite to form |
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| Arterial anastomosis which links the blood flow of the vertebral and internal carotid arteries |
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| Three divisions of the Trigeminal Nerve |
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Definition
Ophthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular |
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| Ophthalmic Nerve Supplies General body surface sensory innervation to: |
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Definition
Supply General body surface sensory innervation to:
Anterior scalp
Forehead
Medial Nose
Superior eyelid
Orbit |
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| Maxillary Nerve Supplies General body surface sensory innervation to: |
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Skin of cheek
Upper lip
Lower eyelid
Lateral Nose
Anterior temporal region |
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| Maxillary Nerve Supplies General Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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Nasal Cavity
Palate
Upper Teeth |
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| Mandibular Nerve Supplies Pharyngeal Motor Innervation to: |
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| Mandibular Nerve Supplies General body surface sensory innervation to: |
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Posterior temporal region
Lower jaw |
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| Mandibular Nerve Supplies General Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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Cheeks,
Inferior teeth
floor of mouth
anterior 2/3 of tongue |
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| Facial Nerve Supplies Pharyngeal Motor Innervation to: |
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| Facial Nerve Supplies Parasympathetic Motor Innervation to: |
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Lacrimal glands
Submandibular glands
sublingual salivary glands |
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| Facial Nerve Supplies Special Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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| Taste buds on anterior 2/3 of tongue |
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| Glossopharyngeal Nerve Supplies Pharyngeal Motor Innervation to: |
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| Glossopharyngeal Nerve Supplies Parasympathetic Motor Innervation to: |
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| Glossopharyngeal Nerve Supplies Special Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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| Taste buds on posterior 1/3 of tongue |
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| Glossopharyngeal Nerve Supplies General Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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Posterior 1/3 of tongue
Middle ear
Auditory tube
much of pharynx |
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| Vagus Nerve Supplies General Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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Definition
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| Vagus Nerve Supplies Special Gut Tube Sensory Innervation to: |
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| Taste buds on posterior tongue |
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| Vagus Nerve supplies parasympathetic motor innervation to: |
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Definition
Esophagus
Gut tube to the left of the colic flexure |
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| Vagus Nerve Supplies Pharyngeal Motor Innervation to: |
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Pharyngeal constrictor muscles
Laryngeal Muscles
Superior Esophagus |
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| Accessory Nerve Only Supplies |
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Definition
Pharyngeal Motor Innervation to:
Sternocleidomastoid Muscle and
Trapezius Muscle |
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| Mobile, muscular flap inside the mouth |
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| Rigid surface formed by the maxillary and palatine bones |
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| Three extrinsic salivary glands |
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Definition
paired parotid glands
pared submandibular glands
sublingual gland |
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| Found on the floor of the mouth, inferior to the tongue |
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Definition
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| Normally a passageway solely for air |
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Definition
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| Common passageway for food and air |
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Definition
Oropharynx and
Laryngopharynx |
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| Branch from the Vagus Nerve |
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Definition
| Right and Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerves |
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| Nerve that runs on the superficial surface of the Levator Scapulae muscle |
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Definition
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| Nerve that usually emerges from behind the posterior belly of the digastric muscle |
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Definition
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| Important contributor to the Immune system |
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Definition
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| largest endocrine gland in the body |
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Definition
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| Secret a hormone that increases the concentration of calcium in the blood |
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Definition
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Superior Sagittal
Straight Sinus
Transverse Sinus
Sigmoid Sinus
Internal Jugular |
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| Four branches of the Subclavian arteries |
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Definition
Vertebral Arterie
Thyrocervical Trunk
Internal Thoracic Trunk
Costocervial Trunk |
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| Supplies brain via Circle of Willis |
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Definition
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| Supplies brain via Basilar Artery |
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Definition
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| Supplies thyroid gland, scapula and neck |
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Definition
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| Supplies anterior intercostal spaces |
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Definition
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| Supplies superior intercostal spaces and neck |
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Definition
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| Superior Thyroid artery supplies |
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Definition
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| Occipital artery supplies |
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| Posterior auricular artery supplies |
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Definition
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| Maxillary artery supplies |
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Definition
teeth
palate and
nasal cavity |
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| Superficial Temporal artery supplies |
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Definition
| muscles and skin of frontal and temporal regions |
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| Drains brain via dural venous sinuses |
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Definition
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| Internal Jugular vein empties into |
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| Drains blood from thyroid gland, tongue, teeth, palate and nasal cavity |
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| Drains posterior scalp and ear |
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Definition
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| External Jugular vein empties into |
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