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Anatomy Gluteal Region
KYCOM Block 4
98
Anatomy
Graduate
12/01/2012

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Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the upper medial quadrent of the gluteal region
Definition
dorsal rami L1-3 and S1-3
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the upper lateral quadrent of the gluteal region
Definition
branches of subcostal and iliohypogastric nerves (VR T12 and L1)
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the lower lateral quadrent of the gluteal region
Definition
branches of lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh (lumbar plexus VR L2-3)
Term
what provides cutaneous innervation to the lower medial quadrent of the gluteal region
Definition
posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (sacral plexus VR S1-3)
Term
what are the ligaments of the gluteal region
Definition
sacrotuberous, sacrospinous
Term
what are the shapes of the ligaments of the gluteal region
Definition
triangular
Term
what does the sacrotuberous ligament attach to and from
Definition
PSIS, sacrum, coccyx to medial margin ischial tuberosity
Term
what does the scarospinous ligament run to an dfrom
Definition
llateral sacrum, coccyx to ischial spine
Term
where is the scarospinous ligament located in relation to the sacrotuberous
Definition
the sacrospinous is anterior
Term
what do the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous form
Definition
greater and lesser sciatic notches into foramina
Term
what does the greater sciatic formaina communicate between
Definition
main pelvic cavity and gluteal region
Term
what does the lesser sciatic foramen communicate between
Definition
gluteal region and perineum
Term
what are the muscles of the gluteal region
Definition
gluteus maximus, medius, minimus. priformis. obutrator internus. superior and inferior gemellus. quadratus femoris
Term
what is the origin of the gluteus maximus
Definition
outer gluteal surface of the ilium behind gluteal line, posterior sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament
Term
what is the insertion of the gluteus maximus
Definition
iliotibial tract and gluteal tuberosity of femus
Term
what is the iliotibial tract made of, where
Definition
fascia lata along lateral aspect of thigh
Term
what is fascia lata
Definition
thicking of deep fascia
Term
what does the iliotibial tract extend to and from
Definition
tubercle of the iliac crest to lateral condyle of tibia
Term
what innervates the gluteus maximus
Definition
inferior gluteal nerve
Term
what is the inferior gluteal nerve a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
what is the action of the gluteus maximus
Definition
extension and lateral rotation of thigh at hip, extension of trunk when thigh is fixed, maintaining knee joint extension via iliotibial tract
Term
what shape is the gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
fan shaped
Term
where is the gluteus medius in relation to other muscles
Definition
beneath maximus and above minimus
Term
what is the origin of the gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
outer gluteal surface of the ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
Term
what is the insertion of the gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
lateral greater trochanter
Term
what innervates the gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
superior gluteal nerve
Term
what is the superior gluteal nerve a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
what is the action of the gluteus medius and minimus
Definition
abduction and medial rotation of thigh at hip, steadies pelvis in walking
Term
whow does the gluteus medius and minimus steady the pelvis in walking
Definition
when foot is taken off ground and goes forward, the muscles steady pelvis on supporting limb
Term
what happens if the gluteus medius and minimus are paralized
Definition
when standing on the leg with the paralysis and with the other leg out pelvis will sink away from the standing leg
Term
what is the sinking of the pelvis indicating gluteus minimus or medius paralysis called
Definition
trendelenburg's sign
Term
what is the origin of the piriformis
Definition
anterior S2-4
Term
before the piriformis muscle inserts, describe its path
Definition
exits pelvis via greater sciatic foramen
Term
what is the insertion of the piriformis
Definition
upper greater trochanter
Term
what innervates the piriformis
Definition
VR S1-2
Term
where is the sacral plexus relative to the piriformis
Definition
the sacral plexus is anterior
Term
what is the action of the piriformis
Definition
lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Term
what is the origin of the obturator internus
Definition
internal pelvic surface of the obturator membrane and parts of the bonr around it
Term
before its insertion, describe the path of the obturator internus
Definition
tapers into a tendon, enters gluteal region via lesser sciatic formaen, joined by superior and inferior gemelli
Term
what is the insertion of the obturator internus
Definition
nerve to obturator internus
Term
what is the nerve to the obturator internus a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
what is the action of the obturator internus
Definition
lateral rotation of the thigh at hip
Term
what is the origin of the superior gemellus
Definition
ischial spine
Term
what is the insertion of the superior gemellus
Definition
with tendon of the obturator internus and inferior gemellus into medial aspect of the greater trochanter
Term
what is the innervation of the superior gemellus
Definition
nerve to the obuturator internus
Term
what is the action of the superior gemellus
Definition
lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Term
what is the origin of the inferior gemellus
Definition
upper ischial tuberosity
Term
what is the insertion of the inferior gemellus
Definition
with tendon of the obturator internus and superior gemellus into medial aspect of the greater trochanter
Term
what is the innervation of the inferior gemellus
Definition
nerve to quadratus femoris
Term
what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
what is the action of the inferior gemellus
Definition
lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Term
what is the origin of the quadratus femoris
Definition
lateral ischial tuberosity
Term
what is the insertion of the quadratus femoris
Definition
quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest and inferior to it
Term
what innervates quadratus femoris
Definition
nerve to quadratus femoris
Term
what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch od
Definition
sacral plexus
Term
what is the action of the quadratus femoris
Definition
lateral rotation of thigh at hip
Term
what is the largest nerve in the body
Definition
sciatic nerve
Term
what is the sciatic nerve a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus (VR L4-5, S1-3)
Term
describe the path of the sciatic nerve
Definition
emerges from pelvis through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis, on obturator internus super and infer gelemmi, and quadratus femoris covered by gluteus maximus, passes deep to head o biceps femoris to leave gluteal region and enters posterior compartment of the thigh
Term
what are the divisions of the sciatic nerve
Definition
tibial, common fibular
Term
what are the divisions of the sciatic nerve bound by
Definition
connective tissue
Term
what branches does the sciatic nerve give in the gluteal region
Definition
none
Term
what is the tibial divisions of the sciatic nerve composed of
Definition
anterior division of L4-S3 VR
Term
what is the common fibular division of the sciatic nerve composed of
Definition
posterior division L4-S2 VR
Term
what is the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus (anterior division S2-3 VR, posterior divisions S1-2 VR)
Term
how does the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh leave the pelvis
Definition
leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
Term
after the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh leaves the pelvis decribe its path
Definition
descends under gluteus maximus posterior of medial to the sciatic nerve, continues of back of thigh superificial to hamsting muscles and deep fasca lata
Term
what does the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh run with under the gluteus maximus
Definition
inferior gluteal nerve and vessels
Term
what are the branches of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
Definition
gluteal, perineal, cutaneous
Term
where are the gluteal branches of the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh
Definition
curve around inferior border of gluteus maximus
Term
what do the gluteal branches of the posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh supply
Definition
skin over inferomedial quadrent of the gluteal region
Term
what does the perineal branch of the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh supply
Definition
skin of superomedial thigh and posterior scrotum or labium majus
Term
what does the cutaneous branch of the posterior cutanrous nerve of thigh supply
Definition
skin on back of thigh and upper leg
Term
what is the superior gluteal nerve a branch of
Definition
sacral pleus (posterior division L4-5, S1 VR)
Term
describe the path of the superior gluteal nerve
Definition
leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis super superior gluteal vessels, funs forward between gluteus medius and minimus
Term
what are the branches of the superior gluteal nerve
Definition
muscular, articular branch to hip
Term
what do the muscular branches of the superior gluteal nerve supply
Definition
gluteus medius, minimus and tensor fasciae latae
Term
what is the inferior gluteal nerve a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus (posterior division L5, S1-2)
Term
describe the path of the inferior gluteal nerve
Definition
leaves pelvis through greater sciatic foramen, inferior to piriformis, with inferior gluteal vessels
Term
what does the inferior gluteal nerve supply
Definition
gluteus maximus
Term
what is the pudendal nerve a branch od
Definition
sacral plexus (anterior division S2-4 VR)
Term
how does the pudendal nerve leave the pelvis
Definition
through greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis with internal pudendal vessels
Term
what does the pudendal nerve do after it leaves the pelvis
Definition
curves around posterior ischial spine, passes through lesser sciatic foramen to enter perineum
Term
what is the nerve to the obturator internus a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus (anterior division L5, S1-2 VR)
Term
how does the nerve to the obutrator internus leave the pelvis
Definition
greater sciatic foramen, inferior to piriformis
Term
what branches does the nerve to the obutrator internus nave
Definition
supergemellus, obturator internus
Term
what does the nerve to the obturator internus do after it leaves the pelvis
Definition
gives branch to superior gemellus then passes through lesser sciatic foramen and gives branch to obturator internus
Term
what is the nerve to the quadratus femoris a branch of
Definition
sacral plexus (anterior division L4-5, S1)
Term
how does the nerve to the quadratus femoris leave the pelvis
Definition
greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis
Term
what does the nerve to the quadratus femoris do after it leaves the pelvis
Definition
descends deep to the obturator internus and gemelli
Term
what does the nerve to the quadratus femoris supply
Definition
quadratus femoris, inferior gemellus, hip joint
Term
what are the arteries of the gluteal region
Definition
superior and inferior gluteal, internal pudendal,
Term
what are the superior and inferior gluteal arteries branches of
Definition
internal iliac artery in the pelvis
Term
what is the internal pudendal artery a branch of
Definition
internal iliac within pelvis
Term
what does the internal pudendal artery accompany
Definition
pudendal nerve in the gluteal region and peninrum
Term
what branches does the internal pudendal artery have in the gluteal region
Definition
none
Term
what structures pass through the greater sciatic foramen
Definition
piriformis, sciatic nerve, posterior cutanous nerve of the thigh, super and inferior gluteal nerves, nerve to obturator internus, nerve to quadratus femoris, pudendal nerve, superior and inferior gluteal vessels, internal pudendal vessels
Term
what structures pass through the lesser sciatic foramen
Definition
obturator internus muscle, nerve to obturator internus, pudendal nerve, internal pudendal vessels
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