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Anatomy Final Exam
6B
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
12/10/2012

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Term
If the ionic permeabilities of the cell membrane are constant, the membrane potential difference will be at the so-called equilibrium membrane potential.
a. true
b. false
Definition
If the ionic permeabilities of the cell membrane are constant, the membrane potential difference will be at the so-called equilibrium membrane potential.
a. true
B. FALSE
Term
A cell’s resting membrane potential is determined by the K+ leakage channels, the Na+ leakage channels, the Cl- leakage channels, and the Na+/K+ ATP pump, which counters the continual influx of Na+ and efflux of K+.
a. true
b. false
Definition
A cell’s resting membrane potential is determined by the K+ leakage channels, the Na+ leakage channels, the Cl- leakage channels, and the Na+/K+ ATP pump, which counters the continual influx of Na+ and efflux of K+.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
Ion flows are electrical currents.
a. true
b. false
Definition
Ion flows are electrical currents.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
If sodium ion channels open
a. the membrane conductance for sodium decreases
b. the membrane potential will move farther from the equilibrium potential for that ion
c. the membrane potential hyperpolarizes
d. the membrane potential repolarizes
e. the membrane potential moves in a positive direction
Definition
If sodium ion channels open
a. the membrane conductance for sodium decreases
b. the membrane potential will move farther from the equilibrium potential for that ion
c. the membrane potential hyperpolarizes
d. the membrane potential repolarizes
E. THE MEMBRANE POTENTIAL MOVES IN A POSITIVE DIRECTION
Term
All synovial joints are diarthroses.
a. true
b. false
Definition
All synovial joints are diarthroses.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
Choose the incorrect statement:
a. a synostosis is a synarthrosis.
b. a syndesmosis is an amphiarthrosis
c. a synchondrosis is a synarthrosis which may become a synostosis.
d. a symphysis is an amphiarthrosis consisting of hyaline cartilage
e. a gomphosis is a synarthrosis also known as a dentoalveolar joint
Definition
Choose the incorrect statement:
a. a synostosis is a synarthrosis.
b. a syndesmosis is an amphiarthrosis
c. a synchondrosis is a synarthrosis which may become a synostosis.
D. A SYMPHYSIS IS AN AMPHIARTHROSIS CONSISTING OF HYALINE CARTILAGE
e. a gomphosis is a synarthrosis also known as a dentoalveolar joint
Term
A gomphosis includes:
a. the tooth root
b. periodontal ligaments
c. gingival
d. a and b
e. all of the above
Definition
A gomphosis includes:
a. the tooth root
b. periodontal ligaments
c. gingival
D. A AND B
e. all of the above
Term
Which cells would you expect to find in a normal joint cavity?
a. macrophages
b. neutrophils
c. erythrocytes
d. a and b
e. all of the above
Definition
Which cells would you expect to find in a normal joint cavity?
A. MACROPHAGES
b. neutrophils
c. erythrocytes
d. a and b
e. all of the above
Term
The articular capsule consists of a synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
a. true
b. false
Definition
The articular capsule consists of a synovial membrane and articular cartilage.
a. true
B. FALSE
Term
Synovial fluid:
a. provides osteocytes with oxygen and nutrients
b. removes CO2 and wastes from osteocytes
c. absorbs shock and lubricates the joint
d. all of the above
Definition
Synovial fluid:
a. provides osteocytes with oxygen and nutrients
b. removes CO2 and wastes from osteocytes
C. ABSORBS SHOCK AND LUBRICATES THE JOINT
d. all of the above
Term
Carpal tunnel syndrome involves
a. the joint capsules of the metacarpal joints becoming inflamed and irritated
b. the inflammation of the extensor muscles of the antebrachium
c. pressure on the transverse carpal ligament secondary to metatarsal inflammation
d. pressure on the median nerve secondary to tendon sheath inflammation
e. inflammation and pain associated with chronic pressure from running and jumping
Definition
Carpal tunnel syndrome involves
a. the joint capsules of the metacarpal joints becoming inflamed and irritated
b. the inflammation of the extensor muscles of the antebrachium
c. pressure on the transverse carpal ligament secondary to metatarsal inflammation
D. PRESSURE ON THE MEDIAN NERVE SECONDARY TO TENDON SHEATH INFLAMMATION
e. inflammation and pain associated with chronic pressure from running and jumping
Term
An increase in the angle between articulating bones consistent with the anatomical position:
a. flexion
b. extension
c. hyperextension
d. circumduction
e. rotation
Definition
An increase in the angle between articulating bones consistent with the anatomical position:
a. flexion
B. EXTENSION
c. hyperextension
d. circumduction
e. rotation
Term
There is a change in the orientation of the facet joints as they proceed down the spine such that the facet joints in the lumbar spine do not permit rotation.
a. true
b. false
Definition
There is a change in the orientation of the facet joints as they proceed down the spine such that the facet joints in the lumbar spine do not permit rotation.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
All of the following are planar joints except
a. sternoclavicular
b. interphalangeal
c. intercarpal
d. vertebrocostal
Definition
All of the following are planar joints except
a. sternoclavicular
B. INTERPHALANGEAL
c. intercarpal
d. vertebrocostal
e. zygapophyseal
Term
Each _______________ connects the posterior surface of the lamina on the vertebra below to the anterior surface of the lamina of the vertebra above.
a. interspinus ligament
b. ligamentum nuchae
c. posterior longitudinal ligament
d. anterior longitudinal ligament
e. ligamentum flavum
Definition
Each _______________ connects the posterior surface of the lamina on the vertebra below to the anterior surface of the lamina of the vertebra above.
a. interspinus ligament
b. ligamentum nuchae
c. posterior longitudinal ligament
d. anterior longitudinal ligament
E. LIGAMENTUM FLAVUM
Term
The atlanto-axial joint allows rotation around the dens, found on
a. C1 (atlas)
b. C2 (axis)
Definition
The atlanto-axial joint allows rotation around the dens, found on
a. C1 (atlas)
B. C2 (AXIS)
Term
The annular ligament that helps allow pronation and supination is attached to what bone?
a. radius
b. ulna
c. humerus
d. tibia
e. fibula
Definition
The annular ligament that helps allow pronation and supination is attached to what bone?
a. radius
B. ULNA
c. humerus
d. tibia
e. fibula
Term
The carpometacarpal joint between the trapezium and the metacarpal of the thumb allows what movements?
a. abduction and adduction
b. flexion and extension
c. circumduction
d. a and b
e. all of the above
Definition
The carpometacarpal joint between the trapezium and the metacarpal of the thumb allows what movements?
a. abduction and adduction
b. flexion and extension
c. circumduction
d. a and b
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE
Term
Which of the following terms would apply to the temperomandibular joint?
a. hinge
b. planar
c. gliding
d. a and b
e. all of the above
Definition
Which of the following terms would apply to the temperomandibular joint?
a. hinge
b. planar
c. gliding
D. A AND B
e. all of the above
Term
The TMJ is the articulation between the condylar process of the mandible with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
a. true
b. false
Definition
The TMJ is the articulation between the condylar process of the mandible with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
The synovial cavity of the TMJ includes
a. 3 separate synovial compartments
b. a fibrocartilaginous articular disc
c. the lateral ligament
d. the stylomandibular ligament
e. 2 menisci
Definition
The synovial cavity of the TMJ includes
a. 3 separate synovial compartments
B. A FIBROCARTILAGINOUS DISC
c. the lateral ligament
d. the stylomandibular ligament
e. 2 menisci
Term
Which of the following joints does not contain a fibrocartilaginous pad (labrum/meniscus/etc)?
a. elbow
b. TMJ
c. knee
d. hip
e. shoulder
Definition
Which of the following joints does not contain a fibrocartilaginous pad (labrum/meniscus/etc)?
A. ELBOW
b. TMJ
c. knee
d. hip
e. shoulder
Term
The coracoacromial ligament is actually running between 2 parts of the same bone.
a. true
b. false
Definition
The coracoacromial ligament is actually running between 2 parts of the same bone.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
Which is the most anterior of the rotator cuff muscles?
a. infraspinatus
b. supraspinatus
c. teres minor
d. subscapularis
e. they’re all equally anterior
Definition
Which is the most anterior of the rotator cuff muscles?
a. infraspinatus
b. supraspinatus
c. teres minor
D. SUBSCAPULARIS
e. they’re all equally anterior
Term
Which of the rotator cuff muscles supports the shoulder joint from below?
a. infraspinatus
b. supraspinatus
c. teres minor
d. subscapularis
e. none of them
Definition
Which of the rotator cuff muscles supports the shoulder joint from below?
a. infraspinatus
b. supraspinatus
c. teres minor
d. subscapularis
E. NONE OF THEM
Term
In a 3rd degree shoulder separation the acromioclavicular ligament is torn.
a. true
b. false
Definition
In a 3rd degree shoulder separation the acromioclavicular ligament is torn.
A. TRUE
b. false
Term
You heard a story once about some poor idiot who stuck a knife into his patella. What did that knife likely puncture?
a. the deep infrapatellar bursa
b. the superficial infrapatellar bursa
c. the prepatellar bursa
d. the suprapatellar bursa
e. the subdeltoid bursa
Definition
You heard a story once about some poor idiot who stuck a knife into his patella. What did that knife likely puncture?
a. the deep infrapatellar bursa
b. the superficial infrapatellar bursa
C. THE PREPATELLAR BURSA
d. the suprapatellar bursa
e. the subdeltoid bursa
Term
Which of the following structures does not connect directly to the patella?
a. the quadriceps tendon
b. the patellar tendon/ligament
c. the lateral retinaculum
d. the lateral collateral ligament
e. they all connect directly to the patella
Definition
Which of the following structures does not connect directly to the patella?
a. the quadriceps tendon
b. the patellar tendon/ligament
c. the lateral retinaculum
D. THE LATERAL COLLATERAL LIGAMENT
e. they all connect directly to the patella
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