Term
|
Definition
| Exchange oxygen with tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| Outer collagen layer of artery |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thick layer of smooth muscle |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Smooth inner surface, allows for oxygen exchange |
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Term
|
Definition
| Largest, elastic, close to heart |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Medium, maintain blood pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
| Smallest size, slows down blood before capillaries |
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Term
|
Definition
| Allow for passage of large molecules and nutrients |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Thinner walls, larger lumen, valves |
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|
Term
| Veins get ______ the farther away from the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal muscles and the heart |
|
Definition
| Skeletal muscles help to pump blood against gravity |
|
|
Term
| Chronic Venous Insufficiency |
|
Definition
| Broken valves allow for a backflow of blood and pooling |
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Term
|
Definition
| Supplies blood to liver, stomach, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder |
|
|
Term
| Superior/inferior mesenteric arteries |
|
Definition
| Supplies blood to intestines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Femoral -> Popliteal -> Tibal -> Peroneal |
|
|
Term
| Aortic Arch 3 main branches |
|
Definition
Brachiocephalic (Right subclavian and common carotid)
Left common carotid
Left subclavian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Subclavian -> Axillary -> Brachial -> Radial -> Palmar -> Digital |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Supplies blood to the head and face |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Arterial loop that provides blood to the brain regardless of blockage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Returns blood from brain, temporal, and facial regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Returns blood from posterior head |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Vein that connects two capillary beds |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Takes nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract straight to the liver
Portal vein -> Sinusoids -> Hepatocytes -> Central vein |
|
|
Term
| Smell in the superior nasal cavity |
|
Definition
| Odor molecules bind to olfactory epithelium and dissolve in the mucus and dendrites of CN1 sense molecules and send to olfactory cortex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Connects middle ear to throat
Equalizes pressure
Opens during yawning, chewing, swallowing
When it get clogged = Ear infection/cold |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prevent food from getting into your nasal passage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Opening to the oropharynx from the oral cavity |
|
|
Term
| Palatine and lingual tonsils |
|
Definition
| Trap and destroy pathogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Posterior to larynx
Stops where trachea and esophagus splits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Voice box that connects pharynx to trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Prevents food from going down the trachea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "C" shaped rings that give airway structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Large branches of trachea leading to each lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Smaller branches leading to each lobe of the lung |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Where gas exchange occurs
Terminal Bronchiole -> Aveolar Duct -> Alveolar Sac -> Alveolus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Superior lobe
Middle lobe
Inferior lobe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Superior lobe
Inferior lobe
Cardiac notch |
|
|
Term
| Humans ___ need both lungs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lung membrane that reduces friction |
|
|
Term
| Parietal Pleura (superficial) |
|
Definition
| Outer layer that lines the thoracic wall and diaphragm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inner wall that lines the outer surface of lungs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collapsed lung when air gets into pleural space and lungs cannot expand |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moving food down the GI tract |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technically outside the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Connective tissue that connects mucosa to a surrounding muscular layer
Houses blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contractions for digestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Propulsion and mechanical digestion |
|
|
Term
| Longitudinal muscle (outer) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sequential contraction of digestive muscles to move food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Layer of connective tissue surrounding digestive organs to hold them in place (only in abdominal cavity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surrounds digestive organs, holds them in place, reduces friction during digestion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Separates oral and nasal cavities, allows you to breath while chewing but not swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Runs from pharynx to stomach (10 in) |
|
|
Term
| Upper Esophageal Sphincter |
|
Definition
| Controls food entering esophagus and gas leaving esophagus |
|
|
Term
| Lower Esophageal Sphincter |
|
Definition
| Controls food entering stomach and prevents juices from leaving stomach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where stomach meets esophagus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects stomach to small intestine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Releases enzyme to break down protein and fat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Secrete HCL into stomach to break down food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Release hormones for digestion (gastrin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tums - Neutralize stomach acid
Pepcid - Stop parietal cells from releasing more HCL |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First part of small intestine (most water absorption)
Receives juices from pancreas and gall bladder (bile) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cecum -> Ascending Colon -> Transverse Colon -> Descending Colon -> Sigmoid Colon -> Rectum (Voluntary) -> Anus (Voluntary) -> External Anal Sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small vestigial organ (when infected needs to be removed) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
No circular folds or villi
Microvilli for absorption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Secrete mucus that protects the intestine from GI bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When a stoma is medially made, it doesn't have voluntary control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Produces bile and processes nutrients
Split into 2 lobes separated by the falciform ligament
Can regrow 25% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stores bile until needed to process fats
Body -> Fundus -> Neck -> Cystic Duct -> Common Bile Duct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Regulates blood glucose levels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nutrient/toxin processing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Irreversible condition caused by alcoholism or hepatitis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Skin and sclera turning yellow
Liver stops breaking down bilirubin (byproduct of old RBCs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Create 1 liter of pancreatic juice per day
Juice breaks down sugars, fats, and proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Parotid Glands
Sublingual Glands
Submandibular Glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Incisors
Cuspid (canines)
Premolars
Molars |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Crown: Above gum lines
Root: Portion of the tooth in the maxilla/mandible
Enamel: Hard-exterior surface
Dentin: Bone-like interior tissue |
|
|
Term
| Functions of Urinary System |
|
Definition
| Filter blood, regulate water concentration, regulate blood pressure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior because liver is on top |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Meaty outer layer where filtration occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inner region that collect urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Renal vein, renal artery, and renal pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connective tissues that separate the renal pyramids and splits the kidneys into two |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cone-shaped structures that collects urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collecting ducts that transport urine to the calyces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Collects urine from the papilla and funnels it towards the ureter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 20-25% of total cardiac output is moving through for filtration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Filters blood and remove water, small solutes, and glucose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Capillaries will absorb water and glucose to maintain homeostasis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Broken down muscle tissues damage the renal tubules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects each kidney to the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connective outer layer that holds the ureter in place in the posterior abdominal cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Form in the renal papilla
Caused by excessive concentration of solutes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sit anteriorly to the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Smooth muscle layer surrounding the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Where the ureters enter the bladder to store urine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Triangular region formed by the ureteral openings and the start of the urethra |
|
|
Term
| Internal Urethral Sphincter |
|
Definition
Involuntary control from the ANS
Smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
| External Urethral Sphincter |
|
Definition
Voluntary control
Skeletal muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bacteria travel up the urethra to the bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Kidney -> Nephron -> Ureter -> Urinary Bladder -> Urethra |
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|
