Term
| Right lymphatic duct drains what? |
|
Definition
| [R] arm, thorax, neck, head; and liver |
|
|
Term
| Thoracic duct drains what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal nerve pairs (total and at each vertebral group) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ventral spine: sensory or motor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dorsal spine: sensory or motor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dermatome of medial aspect of arm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ANS neuron with myeline: pre- or postganglionic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ANS neuron without myeline: pre- or postganglionic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levels of white rami in SNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Levels of grey rami in SNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sympathetic chain runs from __ to __ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary neurotransmitter of postganglionic neurons in SNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neurotransmitter of postganglionic neurons in SNS (sweat & smooth muscle in sk. muscle) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 paths SNS preganglionic neurons can take |
|
Definition
| 1) Ascend; 2) synapse at level; 3) descend; 4) exit as splanchnic nerve |
|
|
Term
| Visceral pain afferents with SNS or PSNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Visceral distension afferents with SNS or PSNS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pupil constriction: SNS or PSNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pupil dilation: SNS or PSNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increase heart rate: SNS or PSNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreate heart rate: SNS or PSNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| neck, heart, lungs, liver, pancrease, foregut and midgut |
|
|
Term
| Endpoint of CN X innevation in gut? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Startpoint of sacral PSNS innervation in gut? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neurotransmitter of postganglionic neurons in PSNS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cardiac splanchnic nerves from what levels |
|
Definition
| T1-T4 (and up into cervical too) |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac PSNS from what n.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sunken chest; most common congential anterior wall defect |
|
|
Term
| Herpes zoster (lives where and does what) |
|
Definition
| Virus that lives in DRG that breaks out at the dermatome |
|
|
Term
| Cause of leathery skin of breasts? |
|
Definition
| Cancer interference of lymphatics |
|
|
Term
| Cause of orange peel skin of breasts? |
|
Definition
| Cancer invades suspensory ligaments |
|
|
Term
| Spinal landmark: manubrium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal landmark: sternal angel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal landmark: tracheal bifurcation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal landmark: inferior floor of aortic arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal landmark: xiphoid process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ribs pectoralis minor inserts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innervation of pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Artery of pectoralis minor |
|
Definition
| Pectoral branch of thoracoacromal a. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ribs serratus anterior inserts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innevation of serratus anterior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| External intercostals: membrenous at anterior or posterior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| External intercostals: fibers S.L. to I.M. or S.M. to I.L.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| External intercostals: inspiration or expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal intercostals: inspiration or expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal intercostals: membrenous at anterior or posterior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Internal intercostals: fibers S.L. to I.M. or S.M. to I.L.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intercostal innervation & vasculature: vein is superior, middle, or inferior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intercostal innervation & vasculature: artery is superior, middle, or inferior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intercostal innervation & vasculature: nerve is superior, middle, or inferior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intercostal innervation & vasculature: immediately superficial to which intercostal muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intercostal innervation & vasculature: immediately deep to which intercostal muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innervation of breast (2) |
|
Definition
| Anterior & lateral cutaneous br. of intercostal nn. |
|
|
Term
| Majority of lymph drainage of breast to which lymph nodes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer most likely in which quadrant of breast: superior/inferior + medial/lateral? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cell cycle 1¡ oocytes paused in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cell cycle 2¡ oocytes paused in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2¡ oocyte surrounded in what cells upon ovulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Order of segments oocyte travels in Fallopian tube |
|
Definition
| Fimbrae > infundibulum > amoulla > isthmus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Corona radiata > zona pellucida > perivitelline space > plasma membrane > cortical granules |
|
|
Term
| Head of spermatazoa contains what (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mitochondria in what segment of spermatazoa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Locomotion in what segment of spermatazoa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: maturation where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: step in epididymis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: activation when? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: step during ejaculation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: capacitation where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spermatazoa: step in female tract? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First thing spermatazoa penetrate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Layer of oocyte where acrosome is used |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sperm entering oocyte causes ____ reaction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Outcomes of fertilization (3) |
|
Definition
| 1) Diploidy re-established; 2) embryo sex determined; 3) initiation of cleavage |
|
|
Term
| Structures of a blastocyst (4 plus 2 poles) |
|
Definition
| Blastocyst cavity; inner cell mass, trophoblast, zona pellucida; and embryonic & abembryonic poles |
|
|
Term
| Blastocyst hatching is loss of what layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bilaminar germ disc layers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trophoblast becomes what (2) upon implantation |
|
Definition
| Syncitiotrophoblast, cytotrophoblast |
|
|
Term
| Amniotic cavity by what bilaminar layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chorionic cavity within what layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Definitive yolk sac by what bilaminar layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parts (3) of primitive streak |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| [L] and [R] established by what process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Epidermis from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GI tract from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Respiratory tract from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Auditory system from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Urinary system from what germ layer (bladder & portion of urethra) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endocrine system from what germ layer (except chromaffin cells) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skeletal muscle from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mesenchyme from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gonads from what germ layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of pericardium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Compression from filled pericardial cavity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lung with more superior pulmonary artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lung with more inferior/anterior pulmonary artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lung with more vertical primary bronchus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lung with smaller primary bronchus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relative to lung root: phrenic nerve is anterior or posterior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relative to lung root: vagus nerve is anterior or posterior |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Draining of pleural cavity of air or fluid by needle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Draining of pleural cavity by big tube |
|
|
Term
| Landmark: superior mediastinum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inferior mediastinum into 3 parts (from sternum to spine) |
|
Definition
| Anterior, middle, posterior |
|
|
Term
| Thymus in what mediastinal compartment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Heart in what mediastinal compartment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Esophagus in what mediastinal compartment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aortic arch in what mediastinal compartment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2/3 of heart is in which half of body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lung: surface location of [L] caused by heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match vein to artery: Marginal a. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match vein to artery: Anterior interventricular a. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match vein to artery: Posterior interventricular a. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match artery to vein: Small cardiac v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Match artery to vein: Middle cardiac v. |
|
Definition
| Posterior interventricular a. |
|
|
Term
| Match artery to vein: Great cardiac v. (2) |
|
Definition
| Anterior interventricular a.; circumflex a. |
|
|
Term
| Match vein to artery: circumflex a. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cranial end of neural tube fails to close |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Caudal end of neural rube fails to close |
|
|
Term
| 3 categories of spina bifida |
|
Definition
| occulta, meningocele, meningomyelocele |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Unregulated proliferation of neural crest derived cells in trunk |
|
|
Term
| First-ish 4 steps of ectoderm development (post-gastrulation) |
|
Definition
| Primitive pit > notochord process > notochordal plate > notochord |
|
|
Term
| What happens in neuralation |
|
Definition
| Ectoderm folds to form neural tube & crest under epidermis |
|
|
Term
| BMP established at which end of neural tube: dorsal or ventral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Shh established at which end of neural tube: dorsal or ventral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BMP establishes: sensory or motor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Shh establishes: sensory or motor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cranial neural crest cells forms (4) |
|
Definition
| Facial bone; CN 5, 7, 9, 10; middle ear; thyroid C cells |
|
|
Term
| Cardiac neural crest cells forms (2) |
|
Definition
| Conotruncal septum; tunica media |
|
|
Term
| Vagal & lumobsacral neural crest cells forms (1) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trunk neural crest cells forms (4) |
|
Definition
| Melanocytes, dorsal root ganglia, chromaffin cells, Schwaan cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Somites from what mesoderm: paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Urogenital system from what mesoderm: paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parietal/visceral layers from what mesoderm: paraxial, intermediate, lateral plate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intermediate mesoderm forms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lateral plate mesoderm forms |
|
Definition
| Parietal/visceral layers of thoracic & abdominal cavities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cardiogenic center (blood islands) |
|
|
Term
| Primitive diaphragm aka ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Structures that make up the umbilius (3) after lateral folding |
|
Definition
| Yolk sac, allantois, & connecting stalk |
|
|
Term
| Atrial septal defect: large oval foramen (2) |
|
Definition
| Excessive resportion of septum primum; absence of septum secundum |
|
|
Term
| Atrial septal defect: common atrium |
|
Definition
| Absence of s. primum & s. secundum |
|
|
Term
| Ventricular septal defect |
|
Definition
| Missing membraneous IV septum (most common congenital heart defect) |
|
|
Term
| Transposition of great vessels |
|
Definition
| Non-spiraling of conotruncal septum; patent ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1) Pulmonary stenosis; 2) Overriding aorta; 3) RV hypertrophy; 4) VSD |
|
|
Term
| Persistent truncus arteriosus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BMP 2,4 + WNT inhibitors = _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BMP 2,4 + _______ = NKX-2.5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ + WNT inhibitors = NKX-2.5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adult structure that separates atria tissue from right horn tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tissue pinches off ventricles (membranous IV septum) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tissue forms AV valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Foramen ovale from septum primum & septum secondum |
|
|
Term
| Arterial shunt; and where |
|
Definition
| Ductus arteriosus; aorta/pulmonary trunk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Aberrant vascular development |
|
|
Term
| Abnormal persistence of 4R aortic arch |
|
Definition
| Squeezes trachea & esophagus |
|
|
Term
| Abnormal obliteration of 4R aortic arch |
|
Definition
| [R] subclavian from [L] side distal to [L] subclavin a. |
|
|
Term
| Coarctation of the aorta: preductal |
|
Definition
| Proximal to a patent ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| Coarctation of the aorta: postductal |
|
Definition
| Distal to ligamentum arteriosum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blood vessels from de novo: vein or artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Blood vessels from sprouting: vein or artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pulmonary trunk; ductus arteriosis |
|
|
Term
| Vitelline artery forms (3) |
|
Definition
| Celiac trunk, S. mesenteric, I. mesenteric |
|
|
Term
| Vitelline veins forms (2) |
|
Definition
| Sinusoids in liver; hepatic portal vein |
|
|
Term
| Cardial veins, 3 kinds (superior to inferior) |
|
Definition
| Supracardinal, subcardinal, sacrocardinal |
|
|
Term
| Supracardinal vein becomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sacrocardinal vein becomes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| [R] umbilical v. does what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| [L] umbilical v. does what |
|
Definition
| Flows into ductus venosus |
|
|
Term
| Placental villi becomes asymmetric and larger/more developed at what pole |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Initial placental villi layers (4) separating maternal & fetal blood |
|
Definition
| Syncitium + cytotrophoblast + connective tissue + endothelium (@ Week 4) |
|
|
Term
| Final placental villi layers (2) separating maternal & fetal blood |
|
Definition
| Syncytium + endothelium (@ Month 4) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Layers of trilaminar disc |
|
Definition
| Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Day 15: neurlation, gastrulation, cleavage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Innervation of pectoralis major (2) |
|
Definition
| Medial and lateral pectoral nn. |
|
|
Term
| Artery of pectoralis major |
|
Definition
| Pectoral br. of thoracoacromial a. |
|
|
Term
| Deltoid triangle borders (3) |
|
Definition
| Deltoid m., pectoralis major m., clavicle |
|
|
Term
| Vein through deltoid triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cephalic vein in what triangle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Insertions/heads of pectoralis major (2) |
|
Definition
| Clavicular and sternocostal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Coracoid process on what bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal nerves that leave superiorly to its vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal nerves that leave inferiorly to their vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CT scans typically show what plane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| [L]/[R] symmetry about what plane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anterior/posterior about what plane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Finger is ____ to elbow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Knee is ____ to foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Eye is ____ to ear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Kidney is ____ to aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Inner intercostal m. is ____ to external intercostal m. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relationship: Epidermis is _____ to, uh, anything else |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vessels are more rigid: vein or artery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Arteries are ____ (superficial/deep) to veins on the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscles of thoracic wall (8) |
|
Definition
| Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, subclavius; external intercostal, internal intercostal, innermost intercostal; transversus thoracis |
|
|
Term
| Path of arterial anastamosis through thoracic wall: subclavian -> ___ -> descending aorta |
|
Definition
| Subclavian > internal thoracic > anterior intercostal = posterior intercostal > descending aorta |
|
|
Term
| Which comes first: primary or definitive yolk sac? |
|
Definition
| Primary (forms on day 9 vs. day 12 of definitive yolk sac) |
|
|
Term
| Layers of the pericardium (3) superficial to deep |
|
Definition
| Fibrous pericardium > serous pericardium of which is the parietal serous pericardium > visceral serous pericardium |
|
|
Term
| Mitral valve is in which half of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tricuspid valve is in which half of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anatomical landmark of tracheal bifurcation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What nerve is embedded in the pericardium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ectoderm covers the whole body through what (3) processes from trilaminar disc |
|
Definition
| Head, tail, lateral folding |
|
|
