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Anatomy Exam
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93
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
03/04/2019

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Cards

Term
A person with this type of burn has injury to the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis
Definition
2nd degree burn
Term
A person is burned on only their anterior chest & abdomen. Approximately how much of their body is burned? (rule of nines)
Definition
18%
Term
All nervous system tissue refers to their relative position in the body. What are they?
Definition
Central & peripheral nervous systems
Term
Afferent and Efferent carries tissue away from the nervous system. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
What is the end of the cell body called?
Definition
Synaptic knobs
Term
Bipolar neurons have 2 axon and 2 dendrite. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
Cell bodies and unmyelinated fibers make up white matter. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
What are the two main types of cell comprising the nervous system?
Definition
Neurons and glia
Term
______ has only one axon but several axons.
Definition
Multipolar neurons
Term
Bundles of fiber held together by a layer of connective tissue is called?
Definition
Perineurium
Term
______ is a wave of electrical disturbance that travels along the plasma membrane of the nerve.
Definition
Nerve impulse
Term
Two cells joined together end to end together by gap junction are called ______.
Definition
Electrical Synapses
Term
_______ are the means by which neurons talk to one another.
Definition
Neurotransmitters
Term
______, which is sometimes used in medical practice as a local anesthetic produces a temporary feeling of well being.
Definition
Cocaine
Term
Where is dopamine produced?
Definition
Brain
Term
The nervous system consists of the: (select all that apply)
Definition
Spinal cord, nerves and brain
Term
Where is Axon Hillock located?
Definition
Between the cell body and axon
Term
The skeleton system is part of the _________, and helps control _________ indirectly.
Definition
Endocrine system, blood sugar
Term
Connective tissue surrounds bone, covers bone tissue exterior except joints covered with articular cartilage.
Definition
True
Term
Another term for spongy bone is diploe. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
Where is the growth plate located?
Definition
Epiphyses
Term
Diaphyses is located at the top and bottom of the long bone. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
What cartilage is replaced in the endochondrial ossification after bone develops?
Definition
Hyaline Cartilage
Term
The parathyroid hormone sends osteoclasts to breakdown bones faster. True or false?
Definition
True
Term
Fractures take 3 weeks to heal. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
The thyroid is located in the back. True or False?
Definition
False- found in the neck
Term
Fibrin filaments transform into granulation tissue. True or false?
Definition
True
Term
Humerus bones contain only compact bone. True or False?
Definition
False- also has spongy bone
Term
Concentric cylinder shaped layers of calcified matrix are called canaliculi. True or false?
Definition
False- Lamellae
Term
The basic unit of compact bone is osteology. True or False?
Definition
False- Osteon
Term
What are the general functions of skeletal muscles?
Definition
Permit movement, produce heat, maintain posture and stabilize joints
Term
What is the fine connective tissue called that covers muscle cells?
Definition
Endomysium
Term
A muscle cell may also be called a muscle fiber or a myocyte. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
What is a sarcomere?
Definition
The basic contractile unit of the muscle cell
Term
What are the four kinds of molecules that make up myofilaments?
Definition
Myosin, actin, troponin, tropomyisin
Term
What process uses myosin heads?
Definition
Muscle contraction
Term
Muscle fiber receive their stimulus from Somatic Motor Neurons. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
A muscle fiber can contract without receiving a threshold stimulus. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
What are the junctions of cardiac muscle fiber called?
Definition
Intercalated disks
Term
Skeletal muscles almost always act in groups. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
What do antagonist muscles do?
Definition
Directly oppose agonist muscles when contracting
Term
What does Peristalis do?
Definition
Moves food along the digestive tract, assists the flow of urine to the bladder, pushes a baby out of the uterus during labor
Term
Smooth muscle is composed of small tapered cells with large, single nuclei. True or false?
Definition
True
Term
Cardiac muscle is composed of true and striated muscles. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
What does the orbicular oris do?
Definition
Draw lips together
Term
What muscle is involved in shoulder movement and is also a point of injection?
Definition
Deltoid
Term
When giving an injection in the gluteus medius, you are not at risk of hitting the superior glueteal nerve. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
What muscles aid in the movement of the head? (SLS)
Definition
Stemoclediomastoid, Longissimus Capitis, Semispinalis Capitis
Term
What shape is the deltoid?
Definition
Triangular
Term
Which areas of the body have a lever system?
Definition
Neck, ankle
Term
What part of the body is the Ischiocavernous Muscle located in?
Definition
Pelvis
Term
Isometric contractions are when you have the same tension but a different length. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
There are between 600-800 muscles in the human body.
Definition
True
Term
The vastus lateralis is located on the inner thigh. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
What are the muscles in the facial expression? ???TF
Definition
Zygomatic Muscles
Term
The 2 major divisions of the nervous system are?
Definition
The PNS and the CNS
Term
Protective coverings of the brain and spinal cord include?
Definition
Bone and membranes
Term
What is another form of protection for the nervous system that fills space and provides cushion?
Definition
Cerebral Spinal Fluid (CSF)
Term
The brain has folds that creates "cavities" known as ventricles. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
Soft Mother, Hard Mother and Spider Mother are all names for the meningeal layers.
Definition
True
Term
The spinal cord travels from the brain down the spine and ends at the sacrum. This ending or "anchor point is known as the ____?
Definition
Filum Terminale
Term
What is the passage from the brain through the spinal cord that allows protective fluid to circulate called?
Definition
Central canal
Term
Cobweb- like layer of protection located in the skull between the bone and brain is known as the ________.
Definition
Arachnoid matter
Term
What is the protective sheathing that promotes conduction through the nervous system?
Definition
Myelin
Term
What are the glands that appear during puberty and are located deep in the subcutaneous layer of the skin?
Definition
Apocrine glands
Term
The foramen magnum is where the brain stem and spinal cord run through. True or False?
Definition
False
Term
The frontal bone forms our forehead and the anterior part of the top of our cranium. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
The axial skeleton has 92 total bones. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
The clavicle, scapula, humerus, radius ulna, carpal bones, metacarpal bones and phalanges are part of the axial skeleton. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
The bones of the skull are: parietal, temporal, frontal and occipital. True or false?
Definition
True
Term
The false ribs have how many pairs?
Definition
5
Term
The floating ribs are part of what is known as 'True Ribs'. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
Lying between the acromail and coracoid process is an area for a joint called?
Definition
Glenoid cavity
Term
What is an example of synchondroses?
Definition
Sternum
Term
The three types of Fibrous joints are: Syndesmoses, Sutures and Gomphoses. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
What are the joints between the distal ends of the radius and ulna?
Definition
Syndesmoses
Term
Gomphoses joints are considered cartilaginous joints. True or false?
Definition
False
Term
Examples of Symphyses joints are?
Definition
Vertebral disks and pubic sympheses
Term
Abduction is to adduction, as rotation is to?
Definition
Circumduction
Term
Neuroglia serves as a sort of packing material for real cells of the nervous system- the neurons? True or false
Definition
True
Term
What neurons transmit nerve impulses to the spinal cord or brain?
Definition
Afferent
Term
Reflex arc includes efferent and afferent pathways. True or False?
Definition
True
Term
Fascicles are the endoneurium connective tissue layer surrounding each bundle of nerve fibers. True or false? (Endo=delicate)
Definition
False
Term
Epineurium is the fibrous coat surrounding numerous fascicles. True or false?
Definition
True
Term
Perineurium is the delicate layer of fibrous connective tissue surrounding each nerve fiber. (peri=connective)
Definition
False
Term
What carries both sensory and motor nerves?
Definition
Mixed nerves
Term
Efferent
Definition
Carries away from CNS (motor)
Term
Afferent
Definition
Carries towards CNS (sensory)
Term
Which contain mostly afferent fibers?
Definition
Sensory nerves
Term
Which contain mostly efferent fibers?
Definition
Motor nerves
Term
What can be repaired if the damage is not extensive?
Definition
Nerve fibers
Term
Define nerve impulse
Definition
Travels by a wave of depolarization
Term
What neurotransmitters are commonly classified by their function or by their chemical structures?
Definition
Excitatory neurotransmitters and inhibitory neurotransmitters
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