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ANATOMY EXAM 3
CIRCULATORY 2
24
Anatomy
Graduate
10/18/2010

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Term
simple squamous epithelium on basal lamina; pericytes
Definition
capillaries structure
Term
through endothelial cell (EC), diffusion, active transport, pinocytosis, fenestrations
Definition
transcytosis
Term
occluding jxns, inflammation and edema, diapedesis
Definition
transcapillary exchange between adjacent EC
Term
continuous capillaries
Definition
continuous endothelium and continuous basal lamina; found in muscle, brain, lung
Term
fenestrated capillaries
Definition
with diaphragms, basal lamina continuous, found in endocrine clands, intestine, kidneys
Term
sinusoidal (discontinuous) capillaries
Definition
large diameter, multiple large fenestrations (no diaphragms), discontinuous basal lamina, found in blood forming organs
Term
metabolic needs of the tissue
Definition
richness of capillary network (beds) determined by..
Term
precapillary sphincters
Definition
thickening of tunica media in arterioles at jxn with capillaries
Term
arteriovenous anastomoses
Definition
vessels which connect arterioles directly to venules and shunt blood away from capillary beds
Term
coagulation factors
antithrombogenic factors
vasoactive factors
immune responses
growth factors and hormones
oxidative enzymes
Definition
endothelial cell synthesis factors
Term
coagulation factors
Definition
von willebrand factor stored as weibel-palade bodies; mainly in arteries
Term
antithrombogenic factors
Definition
maintain nonthrombogenic barrier between blood and vessel, prevent clotting of normal blood flow
Term
vasoactive factors
Definition
vasodilators (nitric oxide)
Term
oxidative enzymes
Definition
oxidize lipoproteins (mainly LDLs)
Term
tunica intima (TI)
Definition
endothelium
subendothelium: CT with scattered "myointimal" cells that have properties of smooth muslcle and fibroblasts and are phagocytic
Term
tunica media (TM)
Definition
smooth muscle
internal and external elastic lamina
Term
tunica adventitia (TA)
Definition
loose CT, elastic fibers my be present
lasa vasorum, nerves, lymphatic vessels
Term
baroreceptors
Definition
monitor changes in BP; carotid sinus, aortic sinus
Term
chemoreceptors
Definition
monitor changes in gases, H+ ions; carotid body, aortic bodies
Term
increased collages
loss of elastin
Definition
normal aging of blood vessels
Term
arteriole tonus
Definition
maintains peripheral resistance
Term
hypertension
hypertrophy of smooth muscle
Definition
an increase in arteriole tonus can lead to
Term
artereosclerosis
Definition
thickening of arteriole walls and loss of elasticity, caused by hypertension and diabetes
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
lipid enters TI; foamy cells; fibrosis of TI, atrophy of TM; calcifications as lesions progress; ulceration of atheromas provides surface for thrombosis; can lead to aneurisms, embolisms can migrate leading to occlusion of vessels
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