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Anatomy Exam 1
Chapters 1,2,4 & 5
47
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
02/01/2011

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
the study of the structure of the human body
Term
Gross Anatomy
Definition
the study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye
Term
Regional Anatomy
Definition
all structures in a single body region that are examined as a group
Term
Systemic Anatomy
Definition
all the organs with related functions are studied together
Term
Surface Anatomy
Definition
the study of shapes and markings on the surface of the body that reveals the underlying organs
Term
Microscopic Anatomy(histology)
Definition
the study of structures that are so small they can only be seen with a microscope.
Term
Developmental Anatomy
Definition
traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging
Term
Embryology
Definition
is the study of how body structures from and develop before birth
Term
Pathological Anatomy
Definition
deals with the structural changes in cells, tissues, and organs caused by disease
Term
Radiographic Anatomy
Definition
is the study of internal body structural by means of x-ray studies and other imaging techniques
Term
Physiology
Definition
the study of body functions
Term
Chemical level
Definition
atoms, the tiny building blocks of matte, combines to form small molecules
Term
Cellular level
Definition
the cells and their functional subunits, called cellular organelles
Term
Tissue level
Definition
a tissue is a group of cells that work together to perform a common function
Term
Organ level
Definition
Organ is a discrete structure made up of more than one tissue. Most contain all four tissues.
Term
Organ System
Definition
organs that work closely together to accomplish a common purpose
Term
Correct Anatomical position
Definition
In this position, a person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward. The palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body.
Term
Superior
Definition
towards the head and or upper part of a structure or the body
Term
Inferior(caudal)
Definition
Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body
Term
Anterior(ventral)
Definition
toward or at the front of the body, in front of
Term
Posterior(dorsal)
Definition
toward or at the back of the body, behind
Term
Medial
Definition
Towards or at the midline of the body, on the inner side of
Term
Lateral
Definition
Away from the the midline of the body, on the outer side of
Term
Proximal
Definition
Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Term
Distal
Definition
Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
Term
Superficial(external)
Definition
Toward or at the body surface
Term
Deep(internal)
Definition
Away from the body surface; more internal
Term
Ipsilateral
Definition
on the same side
Term
Contralateral
Definition
on opposite sides
Term
Frontal Plane
Definition
lies vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts
Term
Transverse(horizontal) Plane
Definition
runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts
Term
Sagittal planes
Definition
are vertical, like frontal planes but divide the body into right and left parts
Term
Median plane
Definition
sagittal plane that lies exactly in the middle
Term
Directional and Regional terms
Definition
Figure 1.4(slides 7-9)
Term
Dorsal Body Cavities: Cranial and vertebral cavity
Definition
1)lies in the skull and encases the brain
2) runs through the vertebral column to enclose the spinal cord
Term
Ventral Body Cavity
Definition
Houses the viscera(internal organs)
Term
Thoracic Cavity
Definition
contains heart and lungs
Term
Abdominal cavity
Definition
contains digestive viscera
Term
Pelvic Cavity
Definition
contains bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
Term
Diaphragm
Definition
separates the abdominal and thoracic; a dome-shaped muscle used in breathing
Term
Pleural cavity (lateral)
Definition
Lungs
Term
Mediastinum(center)
Definition
Heart—surrounded by pericardial cavity
•Esophagus
•Trachea
Term
Abdominopelvic
Definition
Abdominal
•Digestive viscera
Term
First-degree burn
Definition
only the epidermis is damaged.
Symptoms: localized redness, swelling, and pain
Term
Second-degree burns
Definition
epidermis and papillary dermis are damaged.
Symptoms mimic first degree burns, plus blisters
Term
Third-degree burns
Definition
entire thickness of the skin is damaged
•Burned area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black
•There is no initial edema or pain (since nerve endings are destroyed)
Term
Skin Cancer: Melanoma:ABCD(E) Rule
Definition
Asymmetry:the two halves of the spot or mole pigmented area do not match
•Border: is irregular and exhibits indentations
•Color: spot has several colors: black, brown, tan, and sometimes red or blue
•Diameter: is larger than 6 mm (size of a pencil eraser)
•Elevation:above the skin surface
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