Term
| what is the skeletal system made up of? |
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Definition
| cartilages, ligaments, and other connective tissues |
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Term
| what is the major component of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
| bone tissue of osseous tissue |
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Term
| what are bones and what are they made up of? |
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Definition
| theyre supporting connective tissues made up of cells in a solidmatrix containing calcium salts |
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Term
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Definition
| the fibrous covering of bones, which is continuous with the deep fascia and an inner cellular lining called the endosteum |
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Term
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Definition
is nearly 2/3 calcium phosphate
collagen fibers make up about 1/3 of the bone matrix
collagen fibers compress easily, however they are very resistant to stretch, twisiting, and bending
the combination of collagen and hydroxyapatite makes bone tissue very strong
cells make up only 2-3% of bone tissue |
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Term
| what are the 4 cells of the mature bone? |
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Definition
| osteocytes, octeoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteoprogenitor cells |
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Term
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Definition
are the mature cells of the bone tissue (main bone cells)
Responsible for maintaining bone tissue by regulating the recyling of the calcium salts in the matrix |
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Term
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Definition
BUILD BONE!
produce a substance known as osteoid
Osteoid- becomes mineralized to form new bone
Osteogenesis- the process of making new bone |
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Term
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Definition
produced by osteoblasts
becomes mineralized to form new bone
(osteogenesis) |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of making new bone |
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Term
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Definition
found in the periosteum and endosteum of the bone
(these cells divide and differentiate to form new osteoblasts to help in the formation of new bone AFTER injury) |
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Term
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Definition
BREAK DOWN BONE
they dissolve bone matrix
Preform Osteolysis- meaning they dissolve bone matrix
(multinucleated 50+ cells)
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Term
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Definition
| the dissolving or break down of bone matrix |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively dense and solid tissue that makes up the walls of most bone |
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Term
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Definition
an airy tissue made up of interconnected struts and plates of bone tissue
(found deep in the bone surrounding the marrow cavity) |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebrae getting broken down, loss of bone mineralization |
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Term
| what is the cortex or outer region of bone primarily? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the three sections of a long bone? |
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Definition
| Epiphyses (ends), diaphysis (shaft), metaphysis (conneting region between the two) |
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Term
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Definition
| ENDS of a long bone, filled with spongy bone that is resistant to forces in many directions |
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Term
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Definition
| SHAFT of a long bone, it is a compact collar that resists tension along the axis of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
| the space in the shaft that contains the yello, marrow, which is the fat storage |
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Term
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Definition
| the connecting region between the epiphyses and diaphysis |
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Term
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Definition
an outer connective and inner epithelial tissue membrane that surrounds the outer surface of a bone
LOCATED: on the suface of all bones!!!!
has two layers: Fibrous layer, and cambium layer
Transmits PAIN receptors |
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Term
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Definition
a simple cunboidal epithelium lining the inside of the marrow cavity, covering the trabeculae of spongy bone, and lining the central canals and perforating canals
(Osterprogenitor cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are found in the endosteam)
Most activive when bone remodeling is occuring!!! |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bone replacing existing tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of depositing calcium salts into tissues and is part of ossification |
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Term
| epiphyseal plate growth zones: |
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Definition
(Real People Have Career Options)
1. Resting zone
2. Proliferative zone
3. Hypertrophic cartilage zone
4. Calcified cartilage zone
5. Ossification zone |
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Term
| PATHOLOGY: Salter-Harris fracture |
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Definition
| a break across an epiphysis plate |
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Term
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Definition
| usually found in children, the bone splinters, doesnt break |
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Term
| PATHOLOGY: Achondroplasia dwarfism |
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Definition
| lack of conversion of cartilage to bone particularly in the long bones |
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Term
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Definition
| remains on the end of bones that are in contact with other bones at a joint (the cartilage helps reduce the friction) |
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Term
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Definition
| reamins as a thin line of cartilage in the metaphysis throughout childhood |
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Term
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Definition
| remains as a thin line of cartilage in the metaphysis throughout childhood |
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Term
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Definition
| consist of two compound bone plates with spongy bone sandwiched inbetween |
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Term
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Definition
| the normal decrease in bone mass that begins in the third decade and countinues through out adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
| severe case of osteopenia in which the normal function of the skeleton in compromised |
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Term
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Definition
have one axis much greater than the others
( found in limbs) |
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Term
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Definition
| oddly shapped bone inbedded between the flat bones of the skull in the suture lines |
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Term
| irregular bones (anomaly) |
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Definition
| have complex shapes with numerous notches, ridges, and ectensions of bone |
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Term
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Definition
nearly cuboidal, are spherical in shape
compact bone shells with deep spongy bone
(wrist, ankle) |
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Term
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Definition
| small, round, falt bones imbedded in tendons near joints (patellae) |
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