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Anatomy Block Two
Thorax, lungs, & pleura
8
Anatomy
Graduate
09/24/2012

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Term
Pleural Recesses
Definition
Regions of parietal pleura adjacent to other parietal pleura where the lung fails to fill the fleural cavity.  
-Pleural cavities are larger than lung volumes.
-during deep inspiration the lung parenchyma expands to, but never completely fills, these recesses. 
Term
Costal Pleura Innervation
Definition
1st-12th intercostal nerves.
Term
Peripheral diaphragmatic pleura innervation
Definition
Lower intercostal nerves
-pain from irritation may be referred to the lateral throacic & anterior abdominal walls, because lower intercostal nerves innervate those regions. 
Term
Central Diaphragmatic & Mediastinal Pleura Innervations
Definition
Phrenic nerves
-pain may be referred by the distribution of nerves C 3-5 
Term
Open Pneumothorax
Definition
Occurs if air enters & leaves the pleural cavity through the wound.  This condition is accompanied by hyperexpansion of the chest wall on the normal side & mediastinal flutter, a slight shift of the mediastinal mass toward the normal side during inspiration & toward the injured side during expiration.
Term
Tension Pneumothorax
Definition
Occurs if the wound acts as a check valve with air drawn into one pleural cavity during inspiration without expulsion of air from the pleural cavity during expiration.  
-resulting increase in intrathoracic pressure permanently forces the mediastinal contents toward the normal side (mediastinal shift), thereby reducing the vital capacity of the normal lung.   
Term
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Definition
Innervate the carotid bodies & sinuses.
-helps monitor the PO2 in blood & changes its activity accodring to amount of O2 present at any given time.
-also monitors blood pressure & changes acitivity accordingly 
Term
Vagus Nerve (CN X)
Definition
Innervates the aortic bodies & sinuses.
-Monitor changes in PO2 and changes its activity accordingly.   
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