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Anatomy Block-3 Gems-2
AUC
19
Anatomy
Graduate
03/01/2011

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Cards

Term
Congenital Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Definition
Projectile vommiting in neonates.

Hypertrophy of smooth muscle surronding pylorus
Term
Whipples Procedure
Definition
Removal of the duodenum, head of pancreas, common bile, gall bladder.

Due to cancer in head of pancreas
Term
meckels Diverticulum
Definition
Rule of 2s. remnant of yolk stalk.

2" proximal to ileocecal junction, 2% of population 2% symptomatic.

M>F 2:1 children under 2

mimics signs of appendicitus and ulcers.

Periumbilical pain, hemmorhage, intusscuption.
Term
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Definition
Crohns Disease - Colon small intestine

ulcerative colitis - colon, forms ulcers in descending and sigmoid.
Term
variable Arterial Supply to liver
Definition
Left & Right hepatic artery arises from the SMA -15% of cases

Left hepatic artery arises from the Left gastric in approx 15%

Makes pringles maneuver ineffective.
Term
Portal-Caval anastomoses
Definition

Umbilicus area: *paraumbilical - supperior gastric. Caput medussa

Rectum:*Superior Rectal V - Inferior/middle rectal. hemhorrhoids

esophageal: *Lft Gastric veins - Esophageal veins. Esophageal Varices

 

Term
Triangle of Calot
Definition
Contains cystic Artery.

Medially: hepatic duct
Inferior: Cystic duct
Superior: Inferior edge of liver

Cystic A normally arises from RT hepatic. Can arise from LT hepatic or SMA
Term
Hartmans Pouch
Definition
outpouching of the wall of the gall bladder at the junction of the neck and cystic duct

Usefull in delineating gall bladder when performing cholecystectomy
Term
Gall Stones
Definition

Fat, Female, Forty, Fertile. Cholesterol stones green 80% Pigment Stones(bilirubin and calcium salts) 20% Can ulcerate into transverse colon or duodenum. Ileocecal obstruction may form

 

No jaundice if they accumular in body of gall bladder

Term
Inferior Polar Artery
Definition
Artery comes off Aorta instead of Renal A.

Can compress ureter and cause hydronephrosis.
Term
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Disease
Definition

Intracraniel berrry aneurysms are common. (Aneurysms in circle of willis)

 

Rarely manifests itself before middle age

Term
Potters Sequence(oligohydramios)
Definition
deficiency of amniotic fluid.

Can be caused by renal agenesis.

Low set ear with helices folded. Lungs fail to develop.
Term
Horse shoe kidney
Definition
fusion of lower two lobes of kidney.

May obsruct urinary tract by impinging on ureters
Term
Kidney Stone
Definition
Produces severe colicky pain. N/V. urinary frequency, pain during urination. May cause hydronephrosis of the kidney.
Term
kidney stone refered pain
Definition

At entrance to Ureter: flank and inguinal. Least splanchnic(t12)

pelvic brim: groin, left thigh, pubic region. Lumbar Splanchnic(L1-L2)

Entrance to bladder: External genitalia and posterior thigh. Pelvic Splachnic S2-S4

 

Can cause hydronephrosis- fluid filled enlargment of renal pelvis and calyces

 

Term
Adrenal Glands blood supply
Definition
Superior suprarenal from inferior phrenic

Middle suprarenal from aorta

Inferior suprarenal from renal.
Term
Hartmann’s pouch
Definition
out-pouching of gallbladder wall at junction of neck and cystic duct. useful when performing a cholecystectomy (surgical removal of gallbladder, most common treatment for symptomatic gallstones)
Term
pancreatitis
Definition
Gallstone blocking common bile duct and pancreatic duct
Term
Pringle Maneuver
Definition
Hepatoduodenal lig. can be clamped off between the thumb and finger to stop most cases of bleeding from the liver or during elective hepatic resections.
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