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Anatomy and Physiology
Midterm-Second Semester
61
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
10/25/2017

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

True/False

 

Lymphatic vessels are microscopic, blind-end vessels that do not form a closed circuit. 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

The ability to sense head position relative to gravity or acceleration/deceleration is called static equilibrium. 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

Diapedesis is the process by which immune cells squeeze through the wall of a blood vessel to get to the site of injury or infection.

 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

The lymphatic system is actually a specialized component of the circulatory system. 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

The two most important functions of the lymphatic system are the maintenance of fluid balance in the internal environment and immunity. 

Definition
True
Term
Leukemia is a blood disorder that affects:
Definition
White blood cells
Term
In the first stage of their development, B cells are known as:
Definition
Naive B Cells
Term
Chronic inner ear disease of unknown cause that is characterized by tinnitus, nerve deafness, and vertigo.
Definition

Meniere disease

Term
Interferon inhibits the spread of:
Definition
Viruses
Term
The type of immune mechanism that provides a general defense by acting against anything recognized as “not self” is called:
Definition
Non-specific Immunity
Term
Watery fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the ear:
Definition
Perilymph
Term
A decrease in red blood cell numbers can result in:
Definition
Anemia
Term
Blood plasma solute component that helps maintain osmotic balance of blood
Definition
Albumins
Term
Causes milk ejection from the lactating breast, regulated by positive feedback mechanism; cooperates with prolactin.
Definition
Oxytocin
Term
Stimulates contraction of uterine muscles that occurs during childbirth; regulated by positive feedback mechanism.
Definition
Oxytocin
Term

The cluster of lymph nodes found in the underarm and upper chest regions is referred to as:

 

Definition
Axillary Nodes
Term
Refers to a tumor of the cells of lymphoid tissue
Definition
Lymphoma
Term
The largest type of leukocyte:
Definition
Monocyte
Term
Nearsightedness is another name for this disorder.
Definition
Myopia
Term
Thrombocytes are used for:
Definition
Blood clotting
Term
The term "down-regulation"
Definition

The reduction of the number of hormone receptors in a cell

Term

This hormone stimulates the development and

 

secretion of testosterone:

Definition

Luteinizing hormone

Term

This hormone maintains the lining of the uterus necessary for successful pregnancy.

 

Definition
Progesterone
Term
What are the three important functions of platelets?
Definition
Hemostasis and blood coagulation, secondary role in defending against bacterial attacks.
Term

Non-vital reflexes such as vomiting, coughing,

and sneezing are functions of which structure

 

of the brain:

Definition
Brainstem
Term
Where does the vast majority of the body’s lymph drain
Definition
Thoracic duct
Term

What is another name for the pituitary gland?

Definition
Master Gland
Term

Cerebrospinal fluid is formed by filtration of blood in the: 

Definition

 choroid plexuses.

 

Term

Specific immunity is controlled by two classes of lymphocytes. What are they?

Definition
T cells and B cells
Term

List the tissue layers of blood vessels from exterior to interior.

Definition

 tunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima.

 

Term

Histamine, kinins, and  prostaglandins are types of what?

Definition

Inflammation mediators

Term

How much blood can the pulp of the spleen and its venous sinuses store?

Definition
350 mL
Term

The right atrioventricular valve is also called the:

Definition
Tricuspid
Term
What is the neuron called that transmits a nerve impulse toward the central nervous system?
Definition
Sensory Neuron
Term

Where do all arteries of the systemic circulation branch from?

Definition
Aorta
Term
What is the clear, watery fluid found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball called?
Definition
Aqueous humor
Term

What are chemorecptors activated by?

Definition
Noxious odors
Term

Which vessel does blood from the head, neck, and upper extremities drain into?

Definition

superior vena cava

Term

What is the passageway leading to the tympanic membrane called?

Definition

external auditory meatus

Term
What is the antibody produced after initial contact with an antigen called?
Definition
IgM
Term

Where is human chorionic gonadotropin  produced?

Definition
Placenta
Term

What structure is the deepest groove in the cerebrum?

Definition
Longitudinal fissure
Term

The malleus is also known as the:

Definition
Hammer
Term
The most numerous type of phagocyte is the:
Definition
Neutrophil
Term

What is the blood volume of a healthy, young, adult female?

Definition
4-5 liters
Term

Lymph flows through the thoracic duct and reenters the general circulation at the rate of about:

Definition
3 liters per day
Term
Which artery is used for taking the pulse in the wrist?
Definition
Radial
Term

This structure of the diencephalon plays part in the mechanism responsible for emotions by associating sensory impulses with the feeling of pleasantness and unpleasantness: 

Definition
Thalamus
Term

Which part of the brain releases the hormone melatonin?

Definition
Pineal Gland
Term
Where is the thymus located?
Definition
In the mediastinum
Term

What is the space located between the arachnoid and pia mater that contains a significant amount of cerebrospinal fluid?

Definition
subarachnoid space
Term
What receptors of the retina are responsible for day vision?
Definition
Cones
Term
What are the size of lymph nodes?
Definition

1 mm to more than 20 mm in diameter

Term

The correct layers of the heart from deep to superficial are:

 

Definition

endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.

 

Term
What do the pineal glands  support?
Definition
Supports the body's biological clock through secretion of melatonin.
Term

The part of the cerebrum associated with anger, fear, and sorrow is/are the:

Definition
Limbic system
Term

How many layers of tissue is the eyeball composed of?

Definition
3
Term

True or False

 

A major function of the pericardial sac is protection against friction

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

A fever is believed to increase immune function and inhibit pathogens. 

Definition
True
Term

True or False

 

Glucocorticoids are NOT essential for maintaining a normal blood pressure.

 

Definition
False, they are essential
Term

What is the life span of circulating blood cells?

Definition
105-120 days
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