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Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 9- Joints
39
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/21/2016

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Term
Fibrous Joint
Definition
immovable joints held together by dense irregular connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers
Term
Cartilaginous Joint
Definition
slightly movable joints held together by cartilage
Term
Synovial Joint
Definition
freely movable joint that have a synovial cavity held together by dense irregular connective tissue
Term
Synarthrosis
Definition
an immovable joint
Term
Amphiarthrosis
Definition
slightly movable joint
Term
Diarthrosis
Definition
completely movable joint
Term
Suture
Definition
fibrous joint composed of thin layer of dense irregular connective tissue; found in the skull
Term
Synovial Cavity
Definition
space between the articulating bones and are covered by hyaline cartilage
Term
Symphysis
Definition
a cartilaginous,slightly movable joint with ends covered in hyaline cartilage but a disc of fibrocartilage connects the bones
Term
Ligament
Definition
parallel bundles of dense regular connective tissue highly adapted for resisting strains
Term
Synovial Fluid
Definition
a viscous, clear or yellow fluid that lubricates joints, absorbs shock, and supplies oxygen and nutrients
Term
Gliding movement
Definition
simple movement where nearly flay bone surfaces move back-and-forth and from side-to-side with respect to one another
Term
Angular Movement
Definition
increase or decrease in the angle between articulating bones
Term
Flexion
Definition
decrease in the angle between articulating bones
Term
Extension
Definition
increase in the angle between the articulating bnes
Term
Hyperextension
Definition
extension of the bones beyond the anatomical position
Term
Lateral Flexion
Definition
movement of the trunk left or right along the frontal plane involving the intervertebral joints
Term
Abduction
Definition
movement of a bone away from the midline
Term
Adduction
Definition
movement of a bone towards the midline
Term
Circumduction
Definition
movement of the distal end of a bone in a circle
Term
Rotation
Definition
Movement of a bone revolving on its own longitudinal axis
Term
Elevation
Definition
Superior movement of a body part
Term
Depression
Definition
Inferior movement of a body part
Term
Protraction
Definition
anterior movement of a body part along the transverse plane
Term
Retraction
Definition
Posterior movement of a body part along the transverse plane
Term
Inversion
Definition
Medial movement of the sole of the foot
Term
Eversion
Definition
Lateral movement of the sole of the foot
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
Bending if the foot at the ankle in the direction of the dorsum
Term
Plantar Flexion
Definition
Bending of the foot at the ankle joint in the direction of the plantar
Term
Supination
Definition
Movement of the forearm that turns the palm anteriorly
Term
Pronation
Definition
Movement of the forearm that turns the palm posteriorly
Term
Opposition
Definition
Movement of the thumb across the palm to touch the fingertips on the same hand
Term
Plane joint
Definition
flat or slightly curved; move from side-to-side or back-and-forth
Term
Hinge Joint
Definition
convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone producing an angular opening/closing motion
Term
Pivot Joint
Definition
rounded or pointed surface of one bone articulates with a ring formed by a bone and ligament together
Term
Condyloid Joint
Definition
convex oval-shaped projection of one bone fits into an oval-shaped depression of another bone permitting movement around 2 axes
Term
Saddle Joints
Definition
articular surface of one bone is saddle-shaped and the other bone fits into the saddle like a rider on a horse
Term
Ball-and-Socket Joint
Definition
ball-like surface of one bone fits into a cuplike depression of another bone
Term
Meniscus
Definition
thin fibrous cartilage between the surfaces of some joints
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