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Anatomy and Physiology
Chapter 1- Intro to the Human Body
45
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
12/05/2016

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term


Anatomy

Definition

Science of body structures and

the relationships among them

Term



Physiology



Definition



Science of body functions in how the body works

Term



Cell

Definition

 

 

Basic unit of life

Term



Tissue

Definition





Group of cells with a common function

Term



Organ

Definition





Group of tissues that perform a common function

Term



Organ system

Definition





Group of organs that perform a common function

Term



Organism

 

Definition

 

 

Any living individual

Term



Metabolism

Definition

 

Sum of all chemical processes in the body

 

Term

 

 

Catabolism

Definition



Breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler components

Term



Anabolism

Definition



Building up of chemical substances from smaller, simpler components

Term



Homeostasis

Definition



Constant internal environment

Term



Feedback System

Definition




Cycle of events  which the status of the body is monitored

Evaluated, changed, remonitored, reevaluated

 

Term

 

 

Receptor

Definition



Body structure that monitors change.  Sends input to control center

Also called an afferent pathway

 

Term

 

 

Control Center

Definition

 

 

The brain

Term

 

 

Effector

Definition




Body structure that receives output from control center and

Produces a response to change the controlled condition

Term



Negative feedback

 

Definition




Reverses a change in a controlled condition. i.e- lowering the BP

Term



Positive feedback

 

 

Definition



Strengthens or reinforces a change in a controlled condition

I.e- normal childbirth

 

Term



Anatomical position

 

 

Definition



Body is erect, head level, eyes forward,upper limbs are at sides

with palms facing forward, lower limbs parallel

Term

 


Superior

Definition




Towards the head or upper part of the structure

 

Term



Inferior

Definition




Away from the head or lower part of the structure

 

Term



Anterior(Ventral)

 

Definition

 




Nearer to or front of the body

Term

 

Posterior(Dorsal)

Definition

 

 

Nearer to or the back of the body

 

 

Term

 

 

Medial

Definition

 

 

Nearer to the Midline

Term

 

 

Lateral

Definition

 

 

farther from the midline

Term

 

Ipsilateral

Definition

 

 

Same side of the body as another structure

Term

 

 

Contralateral

Definition

 

 

Opposite side of the body from another structure

 

Term

 

 

Proximal

Definition

 

 

Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk

 

Term

 

Distal

Definition




Farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk

 

 

Term

 


Superficial(external)

 

Definition

 

 

Towards or on the surface of the body

Term

 

 

Deep(internal)

 

Definition

 

 

Away from the surface of the body

 

Term

 

 

Frontal plane(coronal)

Definition

 

 

Divides body into anterior and posterior portions

 

Term

 


Midsagittal Plane

 

 

Definition

 

 

Divides body down the midline into left and right sides

 

Term

 

 

Parasagittal Plane

 

Definition

 

 

Divides the body into unequal right and left sides

I.e- lateral to the midline

 

Term

 

 

Transverse Plane

 

Definition

 

 

Divides body into superior and inferior portions

Term

 

 

Oblique Plane

 

Definition

 

 

Passes through the body at an oblique angle

more than a 90 degree angle

Term

 

 

Cranial Cavity

 

Definition

 

 

Hollow space in the head containing the brain

 

Term

 

 

Vertebral Canal

Definition

 

 

Bones of the vertebral column containing the spinal cord

 

Term

 

 

Thoracic Cavity

Definition

 

 

chest cavity

Term

 

 

Pericardial cavity

 

Definition

 

 

Fluid filled space that surrounds the heart

 

Term

 

 

Pleural cavity

 

 

 

Definition

 

 

Fluid filled space that surrounds each of the lungs

 

Term

 

 

Mediastinum

 

Definition

 

 

Central part of the thoracic region containing heart, esophagus, trachea

and thymus

Term

 

 

Abdominopelvic cavity

 

Definition

 

 

Abdomen and pelvic region of the body that contains the majority of the internal organs.

 

Term

 

 

Abdominal Cavity

 

Definition

 

 

Superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. Contains stomach,spleen,

Liver, gallbladder, sm intestine and most of lg intestine

 

Term

 

 

Pelvic Cavity

Definition

 

 

Inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. Contains urinary bladder,

Portions of lg intestines and internal reproductive organs

Term

 

 

Anatomy Systems

 

Definition

Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular,

Lymphatic/Immunity, Respiratory, Digestive, Urinary and Reproductive

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