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Anatomy and Physiology 1 - Chapter 2 - Vocabulary
A&P Vocabulary
19
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
08/30/2014

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Term
Atom
Definition
Smallest particle of an element that has the properties of that element
Term
Electron
Definition
Extremely small particle with almost no weight, carries a negative electrical charge and is in constant motion around an atomic nucleus
Term
Proton
Definition
Relatively large atomic particle, carries a positive electrical charge and is found within an atomic nucleus
Term
Neutron
Definition
Particle with about the same weight as a proton, uncharged and thus electrically neutral, found within an atomic nucleus.
Term
Molecule
Definition
Particle formed by the chemical union of two or more atoms.
Term
Acid
Definition
Substance that releases hydrogen ions
Term
Base
Definition
Substance that releases ions that can combine with hydrogen ions
Term
Salt
Definition
Substance formed by the reaction between an acid and a base.
Term
Water
Definition
Major component of body fluids. Medium in which most reactions occur. Transports various chemical substances. Helps regulate body temperature.
Term
Oxygen
Definition
Used in release of energy from glucose molecules.
Term
Carbon Dioxide
Definition
Waste product that results from metabolism. Reacts with water to form carbonic aced
Term
Bicarbonate ions
Definition
Help maintain acid base balance
Term
Calcium Ions
Definition
Necessary for bone development. Muscle contraction and blood clotting
Term
Carbonate Ions
Definition
Component of bone tissue
Term
Chloride Ions
Definition
Help maintain water balance
Term
Hydrogen Ions
Definition
pH of the internal environment
Term
Magnesium Ions
Definition
Component of bone tissue
Term
Phosphate Ions
Definition
Required for synthesis of ATP, nucleic acids, and other vital substances. Component of bone tissue
Term
Potassium
Definition
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