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Anatomy and physiology all chapters
Flashcards over all chapter of anatomy and physiology for AAA class of 2014
22
Anatomy
10th Grade
05/14/2012

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Term
Anatomy
Definition
study of the structure and shape of the body and parts
Term
Physiology
Definition
study of how the body and its parts work or function
Term
Gross anatomy
Definition
Large structures, easily observable
Term
Microscopic anatomy
Definition
Very small structures, can only be viewed with a microscope
Term
Integumentary system
Definition
o Forms the external body covering
o Protects deeper tissue
o Synthesizes vitamin d
o Location of coetaneous nerve receptor
Term
Skeletal system
Definition
o Protects and supports body organs
o Provides muscle attachments for movement
o Site of blood cell formation
o Stores minerals
Term
Muscular system
Definition
o Allows locomotion
o Maintains posture
o Produces heat
Term
nervous system
Definition
o Fast-acting control system
o Responds to internal and external change
o Activates muscles and glands
Term
Endocrine system
Definition
o Secretes regulatory hormones
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Metabolism
Term
Cardiovascular system
Definition
o Transports materials in body via blood pumped by heart
• Oxygen
• Cordon dioxide
• Nutrients
• Wastes
Term
Lymphatic system
Definition
o Returns fluids to blood vessels
o Disposes of debris
o Involved in immunity
Term
Respiratory system
Definition
o Keeps blood supplied with oxygen
o Removes carbon dioxide
Term
Digestive system
Definition
o Breaks down food
o Allows for nutrient absorption into blood
o Eliminates indigestible material
Term
Urinary system
Definition
o Eliminates nitrogenous waste
o Maintains acid-base balance
o Regulates water and electrolytes
Term
Reproductive system
Definition
o Production of offspring
Term
Necessary life functions
Definition
o Maintaining boundaries
o Movement
• Locomotion
• Movement of substances
o Responsiveness
• Ability to sense change and react
o Digestion
• Break-down and delivery of nutrients
o Metabolism-chemical reactions within the body
• Production of energy
• Making body structures
o Excretion
• Elimination of waste from metabolic reaction
o Reproduction
• Production of future generation
o Growth
• Increasing of cell size number
Term
Survival needs
Definition
o Nutrients
• Chemicals for energy and cell building
• Includes carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, and minerals
o Oxygen
• Required for chemical reaction
o Water
• 60-80% of our body
• Provide metabolic reaction
o Stable body temperature
o Atmospheric pressure must be appropriate
Term
Homeostasis
Definition
o Maintain of stable internal environment
o Homeostasis must be maintain for normal body function
o Homeostatic imbalance-a disturbance in homeostasis results in disease
Term
Maintaining homeostasis
Definition
o The body communicates through neural and hormonal systems
• Receptor
• Responds to change
• Sends information
o Control center
• Determines set point
• Analyses info
• Determines appropriate respond
o Effectors
• Provides a means for response to the stimulus
Term
Feedbacks mechanisms
Definition
o Negative feedback
• Includes most homeostatic control mechanisms
• Shuts off original stimulus, or reduces its intensity
o Positive feedbacks
• Increases the original stimulus to push the variable farther
• In the body this only occurs in blood clot or birth
Term
The language of anatomy
Definition
o Special terminology-prevents misunderstanding
o Used for:
• Position
• Direction
• Regions
• Structures
Term
Cells and tissues
Definition
o Carry out all chemical activities
o Cells are building blocks
o Tissues are groups of cells
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