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Four Basic Types of Tissues |
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Definition
A. Epithelial b. Connective c. Muscular D. Nervous |
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Definition
| Many Functions, eg. covering for free surfaces, protection, and for absorption, secretion, and excretion. |
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| Basic Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue |
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Definition
A. Mostly cells, with little intercellular substance b. Cells attached to basement membrane c. free surface, may have microvilli, cilia, brush borders. d. avascularity |
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Definition
A. simple-single cell layer=pavement epithelium B.Stratified- 2 or more layers C. pseudostratified- one layer, looks like several |
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Term
Classification by Cell Shape |
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Definition
Squamous-flat, thin Cuboidal-cube shaped Columnar-taller than wide, upright rectangles |
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Definition
Thin sheet, eg. lining of blood vessels, alveoli in lungs, Bowman's capsule in kidneys; occurs where diffusion and filtration are important. |
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Definition
many layers, typically cells closest to basement membrane are columnar or cuboidal, become increasingly flattened towards free border; continual upwards replacement. - Epidermis, mouth, espophogus, anus, vagina. Areas subject to friction. |
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Definition
| stratefied, varies from cuboidal to squamous depending on conditions--urinary bladder, allows expansion. |
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Definition
| glands, eg. thyroid, salivary, sweat, some ducts leading away from glands. Sometimes stratified in some ducts, mammary glands. |
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Definition
| Tend to be involved in secretion and absorption; lining digestive tract stomach to rectum, some may be ciliated eg. lining of bronchi, nasal cavity. |
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Definition
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| Pseudostratified columnar |
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Definition
| Common, many respiratory passages, may be ciliated (why?) |
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Term
| Tissues: Classification by Function and Location |
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Definition
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Definition
| Common, secrete mucin, moist, involved in secretion and absorption, eg simple columnar epthelium digestive trace, or stratified squamous of mouth. |
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Definition
| Secrete watery fluid simple squamous epithelium lining peritoneam and the pleura. |
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Definition
| Simple squamous layer lining interior of heart chambers and blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
In glands, produce secretions, sweat, milk, hormones, enzymes, or produce excretions, waste products-bile, urea a.goblet cells: mucus, digestive and respiratory b. exocrine: ducts, digestive glands, pancreas c. endocrine: no ducts, blood; hormones, pituitary d.merocrine: cell not destroyed, salivary e. holocrine: cell ruptures, dies, sebaceous f. apocrine: partial destruction, regenerates, mammary |
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Term
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Definition
| Characterized by large amount of inercellular matrix surrounding relatively few cells. All have common mesenchyme origin. |
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| Three types of cells in CT? |
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Definition
Fibroblasts: =fibrocytes, very common, are cells that produce matrix 2. Macrophages: phagocytes-move thru the CT, consume foreign materials, bacteria, dead cells. 3. Mast Cells: oval cells producing histamine and herapin |
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Term
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Definition
2 kinds, both produced by fibrocytes a. Ground Substance: a homogenous gel, varies from hard to soft. b.3 kinds of Fibers: 1. collagenous-most abundant,not elastic, strong, do not stretch,white when fresh 2. elastic-long, slender, elastic, interwoven networks, yellow when fresh 3. reticular- short, thin, form tight nonelastic |
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Term
| TYPES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE: |
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Definition
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Definition
| loos, unorganized fibers, mostly collagenous, but others also;mostly widespread Ct, eg. subcutaneous tissue, holds organs in place, surrounds blood vessels. |
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Definition
| similar to loose areolar, but denser-dermis layer of skin eg leather |
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Definition
| collagenous fivers in dense parallel bundles;tendons, ligaments, fascia |
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Definition
| similar to above, but with more elastic fibers; stretches--walls of arteries |
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Definition
| fat cells bound together by loose Ct |
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Term
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Definition
collagenous fiers imbedded in a ground substance of CHONDRIN which is firm: 3 kinds of Cartilage 1. hyaline:collagenous fibers, comon smooth, flexible. 2. Elastic: has elastic fiver, more flexivle, eg external ear
3. Fibrocartilage:Like dense reg. Ct, but thicer and gives, intervertebral discs |
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Definition
| matrix is mineralized (calcium phosphate), hard, |
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Definition
| considered a CT, same embyonic origin as other CT |
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Definition
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| What are the three kinds of Muscle Tissue? |
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Definition
Skeletal:the voluntary muscles of the body. Cells=long, cylindrical, with many nuclei along the periphery of each fiber Individual muscle fibers have many long longitudinal fibrils. Under microscope can see alternating light and dark cross striations, thus the name, striated muscle. Cardiac: also striated, but cells are arranged in brancing networdls. Nuclei are not on the periphery, but in center of the muscle fiber. Adjoining cells meet at the intercalated discs. not voluntary Smooth=visceral: not striated. Each cell spindle shaped, nucleus in center. Found in walls of internal organs, eg, digestive tract, walls of blood vessels. Not voluntary. |
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