Term
| How does the eye connect to the CNS? |
|
Definition
| Via the optic Nerve (CN II) |
|
|
Term
| Other than CN II, what nerves does the eye rely on |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the lacrimal apparatus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four aspects of the orbit? |
|
Definition
| Roof, medial wall, lateral wall and floor |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the apex of the orbit? |
|
Definition
| Junction of the superior and inferior orbital fissures |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the upper border of the orbit? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up the medial border of the orbit? |
|
Definition
| the frontal bone, frontal eminence of the maxilla, and the lacrimal bone |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the lower border of the orbit |
|
Definition
| The maxilla and zygomatic bones (a.k.a the infraorbital margin) |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the later border of the orbit |
|
Definition
| The frontal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of frontal bone (no seriously, I wish I was kidding) |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the roof, floor, lateral and medial wall of the orbit? |
|
Definition
| Frontal bone orbital plate, maxilla and zygomatic bones, zygomatic and greater wing, frontal process of maxilla and lacrimal and ethmoid bones |
|
|
Term
| What is the sensory component of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the retina located and what does it connect to |
|
Definition
| the back of the eye and the optic nerve |
|
|
Term
| What separates the two cavities of the eyes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the lens? |
|
Definition
| To act as a refracting prism that focuses light rays onto the retina |
|
|
Term
| What are the three layers of the eye? |
|
Definition
| The cornea sclera, the choroid and the retina |
|
|
Term
| What has a smaller radius than the rest of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| to focus penetrating light rays |
|
|
Term
| What does the cornea become outside the middle section? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What layer of the eye contains blood supply? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the anterior choroid border lead |
|
Definition
| IT goes to the circular opening of the pupil |
|
|
Term
| What lies peripheral to the pupil within the choroid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What layer do the muscles controlling the lens and pupil lie in? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is the retina a complete sphere? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many layers does the retina have? |
|
Definition
| 10, including the light sensitive rods and cones |
|
|
Term
| Where is the most sensitive area of the retina? |
|
Definition
| The macula lutea - located directly in line with the center of the cornea and lens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The area where nerve cells leave to join the optic nerve |
|
|
Term
| What is interesting about the optic disc? |
|
Definition
| there are no light sensitive rods or cones here |
|
|
Term
| What are the three chambers of the eye |
|
Definition
| Anterior, posterior and postremal |
|
|
Term
| What lies in the anterior chamber? |
|
Definition
| THe aqeous humor liquid andthe pupil |
|
|
Term
| What is found in the posterior compartment? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is form in the postremal compartments? |
|
Definition
| The majority of the eye, behind the lens, filled with vitreous humour |
|
|
Term
| What controls the thickness of a lense? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what controls how much light enters the pupil |
|
Definition
| The dilator and sphincter pupillage |
|
|
Term
| What controls the ciliar and sphincter pupillae? |
|
Definition
| PSNS control by CN III - Via the ciliary ganglion |
|
|
Term
| What kind of control the dilator pupillae under? |
|
Definition
| the sympathetic nervous control |
|
|
Term
| How many extraocular muscles control eye movements? |
|
Definition
| 6 plus the levator palepbrae superiors |
|
|
Term
| Describe the rectus muscles? |
|
Definition
Superior, inferior, medial and lateral
All arise from fibrous ring.
All except lateral rectus is CN III (LR is 6) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the oblique muscles in the eye? |
|
Definition
Superior oblique orignates from fibrour ring and runs through the trochlear pulley and reaches the lateral eyeball.
The inferior oblique originates near the middle of the floor of the obrit and runs under the eye to insert on its lateral underside |
|
|
Term
| What kinds of movements do each eye muscle control? |
|
Definition
Superior Rectus - Up
Inferior - Down
Medial - Adduction
Lateral - Abduction
SO - Abduction and depression
IO - Abduction and elevation |
|
|
Term
| Describe the iinnervation to the eye muscles |
|
Definition
| All through CN III except the lateral rectus and SO (6 and 4) |
|
|
Term
| What kind of action does sympathetic innervation have on the eye? |
|
Definition
| Controls part of the levator palpebrae, and all of the dilator pupillage |
|
|
Term
| Where do the sympathetic axons travel? |
|
Definition
| Leave spinal cord at T1, synapse at in superior cervical ganglion. They then travel with internal carotid to reach the target muscles |
|
|
Term
| What kind of issue does an interruption in the sympathetic innervation to the eye cause? |
|
Definition
| Ptosis - drooping of the eyelid |
|
|
Term
| What do the parasympathetic nerves innervate? |
|
Definition
| The lacrimal gland, and the interior surface of the eye |
|
|
Term
| Where do preganglionic PSNS fibre go? |
|
Definition
From CN 7, synapse to pterygopalatine ganglion, travel to lacrimal gland. - activation leads to tears
CN III sends to ciliary ganglion - go to sphincter pupillae and ciliary muscle of lens |
|
|
Term
| What covers the inside of the eyelids? |
|
Definition
| A thick continuous membrane, the conjunctiva |
|
|
Term
| What is the thick fascial core of the eyelids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the opening of the eyelids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the lacrimal apparatus? |
|
Definition
| the lacrimal glands, at the upper outer orbit, have ducts opening into the conjuctival sacs. Their tears migrate into the lacrimal duct via the lacrimal punctum |
|
|
Term
| Describe the pharynx anatomically |
|
Definition
| A muscular tube that hangs down from the base of the occipital bone in front of the cervial vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| What are the three layers of the pharynx? |
|
Definition
| Mucosa, submucosa (considered fibrous tissue) and the outer muscular layer |
|
|
Term
| What does the pharynx communicate anteriorly with? |
|
Definition
| the nasal cavity, the mouth and the larynx |
|
|
Term
| What are the three regions of the pharynx? |
|
Definition
| the nasopharynx ,the oropharynx, and laryngopharynx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5 cm, opens anteriorly to nasal cavity via the chaonae. |
|
|
Term
| how does the nasopharynx communicate with the middle ear? |
|
Definition
| By means of the eustachian (tympanic) tube |
|
|
Term
| Where does the oropharynx extend from? |
|
Definition
| soft palate to hyoid bone |
|
|
Term
| How does the oropharynx connect to the mouth? |
|
Definition
| Via the fauces, the arch between pharynx and mouth |
|
|
Term
| Where does the laryngopharynx go from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the opening of the larynx? |
|
Definition
| wall of proximal laryngopharynx |
|
|
Term
| What protects the entrace to the larynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the primary defense mechanism against infection at the mouth level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the tonsils and where are they found? |
|
Definition
pharyngeal - posterior wall on top of pharynx (Adenoids)
Palatine tonsils - paried and sit at depression at base of fauces.
Lingual tonsils - small cluster of lymphoid tissues found on posterior part of tongue |
|
|
Term
| What conencts the the nasopharynx and the middle ear? what does this thing do? |
|
Definition
| The tympanic tube, allow sinfection to spread into the middle ear |
|
|
Term
| Where does the tympanic tube originate? |
|
Definition
| lateral wall of the pharynx, terminates on medial wall of middle ear |
|
|
Term
| What bone is the tympanic tube part of? |
|
Definition
| The petrous temporal bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yes, and its medial two thirds are supported by cartilage |
|
|
Term
| How is the mouth divided? |
|
Definition
| into the vestibule and the oral cavity |
|
|
Term
| What is found in the vestibule? |
|
Definition
| a mucous membrane, and it contains the opening duct of the parotid gland opposite the second molar |
|
|
Term
| Describe the features of the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
It has a roof, a floor , and two walls
Palates, below the tongue and the teeth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hard and soft palates |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the hard palate? |
|
Definition
| the palatine processes of the mexilla and the two palatine bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A dangly thing from the soft palate |
|
|
Term
| What is found in the floor of the mouth? |
|
Definition
| Mucosa and ducts to wo salivary glands |
|
|
Term
| how are the muscles of the tongue divided? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up the body of the tongue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the intrinsic muscles |
|
Definition
| they consist of three groups of fibers - vertical, longitudinal and transverse fivers |
|
|
Term
| What alters the shape of the tongue |
|
Definition
| the intrinsic muscle group |
|
|
Term
| What are the four extrinsic muscles? |
|
Definition
| the genioglossus, the hyoglossus, the styloglossus, and the palatoglossus |
|
|
Term
| What does the genioglossus do? OIF? |
|
Definition
Genial tubercle on inside the mandibe to base of the tongue
Pulls the tongue forward |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hyoid bones - each of the paired muscles inserts on one side of the tongue
Depresses the tongue laterally |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Originates on styloid process of maxilla, and inserts onto side of tongue. Function to elevate and retract the tongue |
|
|
Term
| OIF of the palatoglossus? |
|
Definition
Runs from the side of the palate to enter the tongue
Function to elevate |
|
|
Term
| What covers the surface of the tongue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where are the papillae located? |
|
Definition
| mostly on top and side of tongue |
|
|
Term
| What tethres the tongue to the floor of the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where the sulcus terminalis? |
|
Definition
| V-shaped groove 2/3rds back from tip |
|
|
Term
| What does the sulcus terminalis do? |
|
Definition
| Seperates the tongue into an anterior two thirds an a posterior third |
|
|
Term
| What is the motor innervation of the tongue?A |
|
Definition
| all CN XII, except for the palataglossus, which is innervated by vagus nerve X |
|
|
Term
| What is the sensory inervation to teh tongue |
|
Definition
| Ant 2/3rds done by CN V for general sensation, and CN VII for taste. Posterio 2/3rds CN IX does both sensation and taste |
|
|
Term
Where is the parotid gland located? Where does duct empty?
Innervation? |
|
Definition
| In front of the ear, empties into mouth opposite second molar. Serous liquid, CN IX (via otic) |
|
|
Term
Where is the submandibular gland located? Where does duct empty?
Innervation? |
|
Definition
| Angle of Jaw, opens close to base of frenulum. Mixed fluid, innervated by CN VII (pterygopalatine) |
|
|
Term
Where is the sublingual gland located? Where does duct empty?
Innervation? |
|
Definition
| Floor of each side of mouth, opens into floor of mouth (or into submandibular ducts). Mostly mucous and CN VII (pterygopalatine also) |
|
|
Term
| Describe what teeth we have |
|
Definition
Two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molar.
32 teeth total |
|
|
Term
| What innervates the upper jaw and teeth |
|
Definition
| CN V and its maxillary nerve components |
|
|
Term
| What inervates low jaw and teeth |
|
Definition
| Mandibular nerve component of CN V |
|
|
Term
| Where is the larynx located? |
|
Definition
| below the hyoid bone and thus is part of the airway |
|
|
Term
| What is attached to the larynx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the larynx the organ of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the skeleton of the larynx? |
|
Definition
| It has both extrernal and internal skeletal components |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the external skeleton? |
|
Definition
| The thyroid and cricoid cartilage |
|
|
Term
| Describe the thyroid cartilage |
|
Definition
| The largest cartialge, shaped like a shield (made up of hyaline). Where the two prominences of the shield meet is the adam's apple. Each side had a prominent superio rand inferior horn |
|
|
Term
| What does the superior horn of the thyroid cartilage articulate with? Inferior horn? |
|
Definition
| Hyoid bone and the inferior with the cricoid cartilage |
|
|
Term
| Describe the cricoid cartilage |
|
Definition
| shaped like a signet ring, wide posteriorly. B |
|
|
Term
| What exists between the thyoid and cricoid sturctures? |
|
Definition
| the cricothyroid ligament |
|
|
Term
| What are the two components to the internal skeleton of the larynx? |
|
Definition
| The arytenoids and epiglottal cartilage |
|
|
Term
| describe the arytenoids: what do they articular with, what controls them? |
|
Definition
paired, pyramidal structures.
Articular with back of cricoid cartilage, they are controlled by muscle that cause horizontal rotation |
|
|
Term
| What are the anterior process of the arytenoids called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What attaches to the vocal processes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of cartilage is the epiglottal cartilage? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What lines the underside of the epiglottis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to the cartilages during swallowing? |
|
Definition
| The thyroid cartilage raises and the epiglottis drops to close off the laryngeal opening |
|
|
Term
| What are the various membranes of the larynx? |
|
Definition
| Quadrangular membrane and triangular membrane |
|
|
Term
| Describe the quadrangular membrane |
|
Definition
| The upper membrane, anteriorly attached to the sides of the epiglottis and the thyoid and posterior attached to the arytenoids |
|
|
Term
| What is the lower free border of the quandrangular membrane called? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the a.k.a for the triangular membrane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the lower border of the tri membrane attach to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the upper border of the tri membrane form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the triangular membrane attahc to? |
|
Definition
| The vocal process and to the inside of the thyoid cartilage - therefore called the cricotyhroid ligament |
|
|
Term
| What is the rima glottidis? importance? |
|
Definition
| Apertrue betwen the vocal folds. Site of action of the muscles that act on the artenyoid, cricoid and thyroid cartilages in order to change the width of this opening and tension of vocal cords |
|
|
Term
| What is the largest muscle controlling the larynx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the motor innervation to the larynx? |
|
Definition
| Reccurent laryngeal nerves innervate all muscles except the cricothyroid (served by the external laryngeal) |
|
|
Term
| Sensory innervation to larynx? |
|
Definition
| Superior laryngeal nerves above vocal cords, below vocal cords carried by recurrent laryngeal nerves |
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the TMJ? |
|
Definition
| Allows for opening and closing of the mouth, plus limited side to side movements |
|
|
Term
| What kind of joint is the TMJ |
|
Definition
| Synovial with a disc to faciliate complex movement |
|
|
Term
| What divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does the sternomastoid O, and I and F? and N |
|
Definition
manubrium and medial clavicle - runs up the back and inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone.
Turns the head to the opposite side, innervated by CN XI (accessory) |
|
|
Term
| What is found in the posterior triangle of the neck? |
|
Definition
| Three scalene muscles, anterior, middle and posterior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
all arise from transverse processes of middle to lower cervical vertebrae. Ant inserts on scalene tubercle of first rib, middle inserts behind it (subclavain passes between them)
Post inserts on second rib.
Role is to raise thoracic cage as secondary muscles of respiraation, innervated by small twigs from cervical nerves |
|
|
Term
| What are the three muscles of the floor of the mouth? |
|
Definition
| Mylohoid, digastric and stylohyoid |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the floor of the mouth only? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inside of manidble, inserts on hyoid by means of a raphe. Elevates hyoid bone, innervated by mandibular CN V (V3) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Two bellies. Central tendon goes through a loop situated on top of the hyoid. Posterior belly runs from mastoid process and anterior belly runs up the side of the genial tubercle.
Depresses mouth, elevates hyoid. Anterior belly - Mandiubular nerve, and posterior belly by CN VII |
|
|
Term
| OIFN of stylohyoid muscle |
|
Definition
| originates from styloid process and inserts on body of the hyoid bone. It elevates the hyoid and supplied by CN VII |
|
|
Term
| What are the four muscles of mastication? |
|
Definition
| Temporal, masseter, medial pterygoid, and the lateral pterygoid |
|
|
Term
Describe the temporalis muscle.
OIFN? |
|
Definition
Large, fan shaped muscle that occupies the temporal fossa.
Fibers pass through zygomatic arch and insert on coronoid process of mandible (anterior). Closes the mouth, innervated by CN V3 (mandibular component) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| zygomatic arch - ramus of mandible. Powerful chewer, and CN V3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inside of lateral pterygoid plate - deep at agnel of jaw. Closes mouth - CN V3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Originates on greater wing and outer lateral pterygoid palte of sphenoid. Passes straight back and inserts on neck of mandibular condyle. Causes protusion of jaw, CN V3 |
|
|
Term
| What is the role for the muscles of the pharynx? |
|
Definition
| To constrict the pharynx (superior, middle and inferior components) |
|
|
Term
| How do the pharyngeal muscles overlap? |
|
Definition
| By way of the pharyngeal raphe |
|
|
Term
| Describe the S, M, and I constrictors? |
|
Definition
| Sup originates from medial pterygoid plate and the pterygoimandibular raphe (also origin of buccinator). Middle constricto comes from stylohyoid ligament and hyoid bone. Inferior comes from thyroid and cricoid cartilges |
|
|
Term
| What nerves supply all the constrictors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the three most important muscles of the face |
|
Definition
| Orbicularis oris, orbicularis occuli and the buccinator |
|
|
Term
| F of O oris, O oculi, and buccionator |
|
Definition
| Protude the lips, close the eyes, move the food around in the mouth and help with mastication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Principle muscle of the cheek. Originates from the pterygomandibular raphe and mandible, and inserts onto the corner of the mouth. |
|
|
Term
| How are all the describe facial muscles innervated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two prominent muscles of the scalp? |
|
Definition
| The frontalis and occipitals |
|
|
Term
| Where does the scalpal muscles insert? |
|
Definition
| the fronto-occipital aponeurosis - a thick layer of fascia crossing the head |
|
|
Term
| Where do the scalpal muscles originate |
|
Definition
| From the eyebrows (Frontalis) and the occipital bone (occipitalis) |
|
|
Term
| What are the layers of the scalp? (they spell scalp) |
|
Definition
Skin, CT, aponeurosis, Loost CT and periosteum
S C A L P |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organ of smell, upper portion of airway, warms the air entering the pulmonary system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What makes up the external nose |
|
Definition
| The two nostrils and a skeleton |
|
|
Term
| what makes up the skeleton of the nose |
|
Definition
| paired nasal bones, two sets of hyaline cartilages |
|
|
Term
| what is the role of the septal cartilage |
|
Definition
| form the interior part of the septum, and unite posterioly with the bony septum |
|
|
Term
| What are the part of the septal cartilage |
|
Definition
| it has two lateral plates, which attach to the nasal bones on the outside of the nose |
|
|
Term
| What are distal to the lateral plates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| outside of the cartilage, what makes up the remaining structure of the nostril? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What links the external nose to the choanae? |
|
Definition
| the skeleton of the internal nose |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the internal nose |
|
Definition
| Ethmoid, vomer, sphenoid and palatine bones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The septal cartilage, the vertical plate of the ethmoid (crista galli) and the vomer |
|
|
Term
| What makes up the roof of the septum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Waht make up the lateral walsl of the internal nose |
|
Definition
| a set of conchae, a recess, and three meatuses |
|
|
Term
| What is the spheno-ethmoidal recess? |
|
Definition
| Lies above the superior conchae, and contains the oflactory mucosa in it's roof |
|
|
Term
| What lie behind the nasal conchae? |
|
Definition
| The superior, middle and inferior meatuses |
|
|
Term
| Where do air sinuses drain into? where do the meastuses and nasolacrimal duct drain? |
|
Definition
| The recess, the inferior meatus |
|
|
Term
| What are the paranasal sinuses? |
|
Definition
| Lined spaces inside the frontal maxillar, ethmoid and sphenoid bones. Have ducts which empty into the nasal cavity |
|
|
Term
| What is the maxillary sinus? where does it drain |
|
Definition
| Large space in the maxilla that makes it hollow, drains into the middle meatus. Has an opening, the Ostium |
|
|
Term
| What are the ethmoid sinuses? Drainage? |
|
Definition
| Series of small air-lined pockets in the lateral wall of the ethmoid bone. Anterior group drain into the middle meatus, posterior group drains into the superior meatus |
|
|
Term
| What are the frontal sinuses? drainage |
|
Definition
| found above the margin of the orbit, drain into middle meatus |
|
|
Term
| What are the sphenoidal sinuses, drainage? |
|
Definition
| Two spaces in the body of the sphenoid bone, one on each side. They drain into the spheno-ethmoidal recess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| External, middle and internal ear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Auricle to tympanic membrane via the acoustic canal |
|
|
Term
| What is the auricle made up of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the acoustic canal made of? |
|
Definition
| Lateral third is cartilagenous, medial two thirds are bony |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tympanic membrane - entrance into middle ear |
|
|
Term
| What is found on the outer part of the acoustic canal |
|
Definition
| hair, sebaceous and ceruminous (Wax) glands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malleus, incus and stapes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a chamber in the temporal bone ,contais the ossicles, entrance to the auditory tube, a connection with mastoid air cells and the round and oval windows |
|
|
Term
| what do the ossicles connect? |
|
Definition
| the tympanic membrane, via synovial joints, to the oval window and its membrane. I.E transmit sound waves from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear |
|
|
Term
| What is found in the internal ear? |
|
Definition
| It is a hollowed from bone appartus, forming a bony labryinth. IT contains a series of membranous sacs, the membranous labyrinth |
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Term
| Describe the internal ear structure |
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Definition
| Bony labrinyth, containing the membranous labrinynth, which contains the endolymph fluid. The perilymphy surrounds and fills the bony labrinyth |
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Term
| What is the organ of hearing? the organ o fbalance |
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Definition
| THe cochlea, the vestibular apparatus. Found in the inner ear |
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Term
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Definition
| end of stapes, travel up cochlear, back to round window |
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Term
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Definition
| Via the internal acoustic meatus |
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Term
| Describe the path of the common carotid? |
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Definition
| Ascends in the neck in the carotid sheath along with th einternal jugular vein and vagus nerve |
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Term
| when does the common carotid bifurcate? |
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Definition
| into the internal and external carotid at the level of the top of the thryoid cartilage |
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Term
| What does the external carotid supply? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the branches of the external carotid, in ordeR? |
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Definition
Superior thyroid
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
Posterior Auricular
Maxillary
Superficial Temporal |
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Term
| How does the internal carotid enter the skull? |
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Definition
| through the carotid canal and makes a few sharp turns (know as carotid siphon) |
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Term
| Where does the carotid siphon sit? |
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Definition
| ON either side of the pituitary gland |
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Term
| What is the distal end of the carotid siphon run through? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the path of the paired vertebral arteries? |
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Definition
| Run up in the transverse foramina in the cervical vertebrae, enter the skull via the foramen magnum |
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Term
| What does the major drainingage of blood and CSF from the brain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where do the dural venous sinuses then drain? |
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Definition
| Into the internal jugular vein as it leaves the jugular foramen |
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Term
| What are the various dural venous sinuses? |
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Definition
the superior sagittal sinus
Inferior saggital and straight sinuses
Transverse sinus
Sigmoid sinus
Cavernous Sinus
Superior and inferior petrosal sinuses |
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Term
| Where does the superior sagittal sinus meet the straight sinus? what happens next? |
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Definition
| At the confluence at the center of the occipital bone. The straight drains into the superior sagittal |
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Term
| Where does the transverse sinus take the blood and CSF? |
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Definition
| Laterally to the sigmoid sinuses which empty into the jugular veins |
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Term
| Where do the cavernous sinus empty into? |
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Definition
| the superior and inferior petrosal sinuses |
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Term
| Where does the inferior petrosal sinus go? |
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Definition
| directly into the jugular vein, |
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Term
| where does the superior petrosal sinus go |
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Definition
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Term
| What letter do the veins of the face form? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the retromandibular vein go? |
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Definition
| bifurcates to drain into the internal and external jugular |
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Term
| Where does the facial vein empty to? |
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Definition
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Term
| where does the posterior auricular vein go? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the main sensory innervation to the head and neck? |
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Definition
Mostly done by the sensory branches of CN V.
opthalamic branch does the forehead
MAxillary branch - nose, cheek and temply
Mandibular branch - skin of the jaw, and lateral cheek |
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Term
| What innervates the anterior neck and the area posterior to the ear? |
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Definition
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Term
| What innervates the side and back of the neck, and the back of the head? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the major motor innervation to the head and neck? |
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Definition
| The facial nerve - sends out a series of branches from the area of the parotid gland |
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