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Anatomy 2013 YRLY Quiz & exams
Anatomy 2013 YRLY Quiz & exams
365
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
05/11/2013

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Cards

Term
Q2-

Other than where it is located in the body and the layers found in it, identify one specific difference between think and thin skin
Definition
Thin skin does not have stratum lucidum
Term
Q2

What is the importance of the rule of nines in regards to the clinical assessment and treatment of burns?
Definition
The approximate the percentage of burned area. The body is divided into 11 sections. Each of these sections takes over 9 % of the body's skin to cover it. It is intended to quickly access total % of body burned to determine if patient needs to go to a higher level of treatment (Burn Center)
Term
Q2

Directly below the dermis is this layer of connective tissue (a CT network)
Definition
hypodermis subcanteous
Term
Q2

The functional unit of compact bone is _______
Definition
osteon
Term
Q2
This is the type of cell in a mucus membrane that secretes mucus?
Definition
goblet cell
Term
Q2
This Layer of connective tissue forms a strong internal framework, is composed of dense regular connective tissue and is found between layers of muscles
Definition
deep fascia
Term
Q2
Name two locations where you can find smooth muscle in the body?
Definition
trachea

esophagus
Term
Q2
This is one way that cardiac muscles differs from skeletal muscles
Definition
multi- nuclei
Term
Q2
This is another way that cardiac muscles differ from skeletal muscles?
Definition
it has voluntary movement
Term
Q2
What are the 2 types of skin cancer?
Definition
Basal and squamous cell carcinoma

malignant mylenoma
Term
Regina is a curious 9 year old decides to take a safety pin and push it through her skin so that the tip pokes out. You are babysitting her and she comes over to show you her handiwork (her skin with a safety pin in it) and tells you that she must be a superhero because she isn't bleeding and it doesn't even hurt. Based on what you know about the anatomy of the integument, explain how it is possible to do what she has done and for it not to bleed or hurt
Definition
she must have passed needle through the epidermis layer of the skin because its avascular and doesn't have its own blood supply

has markel cells for sensation in the deepest layer
Term
Q1

Several tissue types combine to form_______
Definition
organs
Term
Q1
This is an example of a modification found on the apical surface of some types of epithelial tissue that increase the surface area of the membrane exposed to the environment.
Definition
cilia
microvillia
Term
Q1
There are 3 fiber types in connective tissue. Name them
Definition
Collagen, elastic, reticular
Term
Q1

Epithelial tissue is always attached to ______?
Definition
Basement membrane
Term
Q3
This part of the sphenoid bone forms the lateral walls of the skull?
Definition
Greater Wing
Term
Q3
This facial bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum
Definition
Vomer
Term
Q3
Which 2 bones make up the hard palate?
Definition
Palatine

Mandible
Term
Q3
This is the name of the structure on a cranial bone to which a muscle attaches that helps you flex your neck when you are looking down
Definition
inferior temporal lines
Term
Q3
This is the name of the structure on a cranial bone through which nerves pass for smell? (cranial nerve 1)
Definition
formina on cribriform plate on ethmoid bone
Term
Q3
This is the name of a facial bone that has a depression in it that houses a sac that collects your tears. This bone also forms part of the orbit?
Definition
Lacrimal bone
Term
Q3
This facial bone contributes to the formation of your nasal cavity , hard palate and orbit.
Definition
Palatine
Term
Q3
This is a structure on a cranial bone that allows for the passage of a nerve that controls the muscles of the tongue
Definition
hypoglossal Canal
Term
Q3
Name 2 of the cranial bones that contain sinuses. There may be more than 2 possible answers to this question.
Definition
Frontal

Sphenoid
Term
Q3

This is the name for a structure on a cranial bone that allows for the vestibulochlear nerve (CN VIII) to pass through it?
Definition
internal acoustametus
Term
Q3

You find out you got a 15 out of 15 on this quiz, so smile spreads across your face. You are using your facial muscles to smile and those muscles are activated by the facial nerve (CNVII) what is the name of the structure through which this nerve passes to get to your facial muscles? One what bone do you find that structure?
Definition
stylomastoid formamen on temporal bone
Term
Q3
The pituitary glands sits in the ______
Definition
sella tureica
Term
Q3
The nerve for vision passes through the _______(structure) of the ________bone.
Definition
Optical canal
of sphenoid bone
Term
Q3
The ___________is the seatbelt for the brain.
Definition
christa galli
Term
Q3
The ethmoid bone has 2 structures that cause turbulent air flow
Definition
Superior Nasal concha
Term
Q3

This is the name of an immature bone cell that secretes the components of the matrix
Definition
osteoblast
Term
Q3

The membrane on the outside of the bone that contains collagen fibers that weaves in with the collagen fibers of ligaments and tendons is called
Definition
periosteum membrane
Term
Q3

The ends of long bones, such as the femur and the humerus, are correctly termed
Definition
epiphysis
Term
Q3

This is the name of the bone cell that breaks down bone matrix
Definition
Osteoclast
Term
Q3

Other than compact bone, the other type of bone is called _____bone
Definition
Spongy
Term
Exam 1

Name 3 cranial bones
Definition
Ethmoid

frontal

temporal
Term
Exam 1

Name 2 bones that contain paranasal sinuses?
Definition
frontal

ethmoid

sphenoid
Term
Exam 1

Name three bones that contribute to the formation of the orbit?
Definition
sphenoid
lacrimal
ethmoid
Term
Exam 1

Name functions of axial skeleton:
Definition
protecting the organs of the dorsal and ventral body cavities

Provide a structural framework for respiratory muscles
Term
Exam 1

Name a difference between thick and thin skin
Definition
thin skin does not have the stratum lucidum
Term
Exam 1

What regions of the vertebral column contain accommodation curves
Definition
thoracic

sacral
Term
Exam 1

List 3 bones that are part of the axial skeleton system
Definition
sternum

sacrum

ribs
Term
Exam 1

List bones associated with temporal bone
Definition
mandibular fossa

jugular fossa
Term
Name 4 types of tissue that contain collagen fibers
Definition
Areolar

fibrocartilage

bone

dense irregular
Term
Exam 1

This is the bone structure that forms the superior part of the nasal septum
Definition
Sphenoid bone
Term
Exam 1
The receptors for hearing and balance are found in the ____a_____part of the ____b____bone
Definition
a. petrous part

b. temporal bone
Term
Exam 1

This is the type of bone cell that produces new osteoblasts.
Definition
osteoprogenitor cells
Term
Exam 1

What is the tissue type found in the epidermis
Definition
strat squamous
Term
Exam 1

What is the tissue type found in the dermis
Definition
dense irregular epithelia tissue
areolar
Term
Exam 1

This is the cell type that produces a pigment and inserts it into the cells of the epidermis
Definition
melanocytes
Term
Exam 1

Cardiac and skeletal muscle are both __________whereas smooth muscle is not
Definition
striated
Term
Exam 1

The (a)______seperates the ventral body cavity into the superior (b)______cavity and inferior (c) _______cavity
Definition
a. diaphragm
b. thoracic cavity
c. abdominopelvic
Term
Exam 1

The serous membrane that lines the body wall around the heart is correctly termed the _________
Definition
parietal pericardial serous membrane
Term
Exam 1

What type of section would separate the two eyes from one another?
Definition
mid saggital
Term
Exam 1

Articulation between _________ and _______ permits you to shake your head to say "no"
Definition
axis and atlas
Term
Exam 1

This is the specific type of cartilage (called costal cartilage) that connects the ribs to the sternum
Definition
hyaline
Term
Exam 1

The subcutaneous layer is composed of this type of connective tissues
Definition
adipose
areolar
Term
Exam 1
This portion of the neuron that transmits the electric signals long distance down to the synaptic terminal
Definition
axon
Term
Exam 1

All epithelial tissue is named based on these two characteristics What are they?
Definition
Layers

Cell shape
Term
Exam 1

The _________ is the opening that connects the cranial cavity with the spinal cavity
Definition
foramen magnum
Term
Exam 1

The hyodermis is ________to the subserous fascia
Definition
superficial
Term
Exam 1

What bones articulate with the ethmoid bone?
Definition
vomer, frontal and sphenoid
Term
Exam 1

The lining of the respiratory system consists of this type of membrane? Hint we discussed 4 types of epithelial membranes this is one of them
Definition
mucus membrane
Term
Exam 1
what is one uniques characteristics of epithelial tissue that distinguishes it from the other tissue types we discussed
Definition
avascular
Term
Exam 1

Name an opening in the cranial cavity that is a passageway for a blood vessel
Definition
optic canal
Term
Exam 1

The axial skeleton bone does not articulate with any other bone
Definition
hyoid bone
Term
Exam 1 true or false

Osteons are the functional unit of both compact and spongy bone
Definition
False
Term
Exam 1 true or False

There are 12 thoracic and 7 lumbar vetebrae
Definition
false

there are 12 thoracic and 5 lumbar vetebrae
Term
Exam 1 true or false

The stratum spinosum contains living cells
Definition
true
Term
Exam 1 true or false
The lambdoid suture connects the two parietal bones
Definition
false
It is the sagittal suture
Term
Exam 1 true or false

There are 7 pairs of true ribs and 5 pair of false ribs
Definition
true
Term
Exam 1 true or false

A first degree burn is characterized by blisters and is due damage to the epidermis
Definition
False --2nd degree
Term
Exam 1 true or false

Simple squamous epithelial tissue is found in areas of the body where exchange of material is important
Definition
true
Term
Exam 1 true or false

the ventral body cavity is lined with synovial membranes
Definition
False
Term
Exam 1 true or false

Spongy bone is found in the lining of the marrow cavity of long bones
Definition
true
Term
Exam 1

Tubercle

Found in which bone
Articulates with
Definition
Found in which bone rib
Articulates with costal facet; thoracic vertebre
Term
exam 1
temporal process
Found in which bone
Articulates with
Definition
Found in which bone zygomatic bone
Articulates with zygomatic process
Term
Exam 1

Condylar Process
Found in which bone
Articulates with
Definition
Found in which bone mandible
Articulates with mandibular fossa; temporal bone
Term
Exam 1

Manubrium

Found in which bone
Articulates with
Definition
Found in which bone -sternum
Articulates with 1st rib and clavicle
Term
Exam 1
cranial nerve-
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Name the structure the nerve passes through

Bone on which that structure is found
Definition
Name the structure the nerve passes through acoustic meatus

Bone on which that structure is found
Temporal
Term
Exam 1
Cranial nerve
Optic Nerve
Name the structure the nerve passes through

Bone on which that structure is found
Definition
Name the structure the nerve passes through optic canal

Bone on which that structure is found
sphenoid
Term
Exam 1
Cranial nerve

Facial nerve

Name the structure the nerve passes through

Bone on which that structure is found
Definition
Name the structure the nerve passes through stylomastoid formen

Bone on which that structure is found

temporal
Term
Exam 1

Cranial Nerve
olfactory nerve

Name the structure the nerve passes through

Bone on which that structure is found
Definition
Name the structure the nerve passes through formina cribiform plate

Bone on which that structure is found ethmoid
Term
Exam 1Cranial Nerve
hypoglossal nerve

Name the structure the nerve passes through

Bone on which that structure is found
Definition
Name the structure the nerve passes through hypoglossal canal

Bone on which that structure is found occipital bone
Term
Exam 1

name of an axial bone structure that is an attachment point for muscle Hyoid

Name of the muscle that attaches to the structure
Definition
name of an axial bone structure that is an attachment point for muscle Hyoid

Name of the muscle that attaches to the structure stylohyoid muscle
Term
Exam 1

name of an axial bone structure that is an attachment point for muscle: inferior temporal line

Name of the muscle that attaches to the structure
Definition
name of an axial bone structure that is an attachment point for muscle: inferior temporal line

Name of the muscle that attaches to the structure
Temporalis
Term
Exam 1

Your physician is perplexed by your pain and is not able to identify the exact cause therefore, he decides to look at your abdomen. What type of imaging technique could they use that would give them a visual of your abdomen in real time with no side effects?
Definition
ultrasound
Term
Exam 1 based on what they see with the imaging technique, they decide that you need surgery. when the surgeon comes to see you they draw on your skin to provide landmarks for your incision to be made during surgery. You ask the surgeons about why the lines are going in the direction that he or she has drawn them. what does he tell you about surgical incisions and specific directions on different places in the body
Definition
Cut parallel to line of cleavage line will always remain closed, wheras cut at right angles to a cleavage line will be pulled open as cut elastic fiber recoil. parallel incisions heal faster minimum scarring
Term
Quiz 4

The pectoral girdle includes these 2 bones
Definition
scapula and clavicle
Term
Quiz 4

The biceps brachii muscle has 2 origins. Name the specific bone structure which is the site of one of the origins and indicate the bone on which it is found
Definition
coracoid process of scapula bone /supra-glenoid tubercle of scapula bone
Term
Quiz 4
This is a structure on the proximal end of the humerus that is a site of muscle insertion for three of the rotator cuff muscles. Hint it is on the lateral aspect of the proximal end of the humerus
Definition
greater tuberacle
Term
Quiz 4
The anterior surface of the scapula is dominated by this structure, which is the origin of one of the rotator cuff muscles
Definition
subscapular fossa
Term
Quiz 4

The clavicle articulates with the scapulae at the ________ (specific structure) This is the structure that tailors use to help determine the length of the sleeve
Definition
acromial end
Term
Quiz 4

The head of the humerus articulates with the _____of the scapulae.
Definition
glenoid cavitiy
Term
Quiz 4

The head of the femur articulates with the ______of the pelvic girdle
Definition
acetabular fossa
Term
Quiz 4

The _________of the humerus articulates with the head of the radius
Definition
capitulum
Term
Quiz 4

When the forearm is flexed, the coronoid process of the (a)_______(bone) projects into the coronoid fossa of the (b)________(bone)
Definition
a. ulna

b. humerus
Term
Quiz 4

The prominence of your elbow is the ______(structure) of the ______(bone). this structure is the insertion of the triceps brachii muscle.
Definition
a. olecranon

b. ulna
Term
Quiz 4

Quiz 4

The _______tuberosity is a structure on the lateral aspects of the humerus that is site of muscle insertion
Definition
deltoid
Term
Quiz 4

The distal extremity of the radius articulates with these 2 carpal bones.
Definition
scaphoid

lunate
Term
Quiz 4

a wedding band is worn around this bone on the left hand
Definition
4th proximal phalanx
Term
Quiz 4

these two bones form the inferior aspect of each os coxae
Definition
sacrum ischium
Term
Quiz 4

When you sit, your weight rests on the _________, a structure of the pelvic girdle
Definition
iischial tuberosity
Term
Quiz 4

Name one additional structure of the ossa coxae and give its function
Definition
iliac crest is where the gluteus maximus muscle originates
Term
Quiz 4
What is one specific difference between the pelvis of females vs. Males
Definition
females have less curvature of the sacrum and coccyx
Term
Quiz 4

This is a structure on the proximal aspects of the femur that is a site for muscle attachment. Hint: There are several possible answers; you only have to give one
Definition
greater trochanter
Term
Quiz 4

The _________is the weight bearing bone of the leg.
Definition
tibia
Term
Quiz 4

This is the medial bone of the forearm
Definition
ulna
Term
Quiz 4

This is the bone of the posterior part of the foot that forms the heel of your foot
Definition
calcaneus
Term
Quiz 4

This structure on the fibula helps stabilize the ankle joint
Definition
lateral malleolus
Term
Quiz 5

Name a joint that allows for both angular and rotational movement
Definition
shoulder joint
(glenohumeral joint)
Term
Quiz 5

The temporomandibular and elbow joint are examples of this type of joint.
Definition
hinge joint
Term
Quiz 5

This structure of synovial joints reduces friction and acts as shock absorbers
Definition
synovial fluid
Term
Quiz 5

Provide one reason that the hip joint does not permit as great of range of motion compared to the shoulder joint
Definition
the femoral ligament attaches the femur to the acetabulum for more stability
Term
Quiz 5

This ligament of the knee joint helps keep the tibia from sliding off the front of the tibia when you stop quickly from running
Definition
anterior cruciate ligament
Term
Quiz 5

This structure in the knee joint is made of fibrocartilage
Definition
lateral and medial meniscus
Term
Quiz 5

Muscle fibers are filled with ______ that contain the contractile proteins
Definition
myofibrils
Term
Quiz 5

This is the organelle of skeletal muscle that is the storehouse for calcium
Definition
sarcoplasmic reticulum
Term
Quiz 5

A skeletal muscle cell is striated because it contains alternating (a) _________bands that contain thick filaments and (b) _______bands that contain thin filaments.
Definition
a) A bands

B) I Bands
Term
Quiz 5

Thick and thin filaments are arranged into _________which end with the Z-lines. These structures are the functional unit of skeletal muscle
Definition
sarcomeres
Term
Quiz 5

The somatic motor nerve releases (a)_______which binds to (b)________receptors on skeletal muscle cells.
Definition
a. acetylcholine

b. nicotinic
Term
Quiz 5

The ______of a muscle moves when the muscle contracts and is distal
Definition
insertion
Term
Quiz 5

Name a muscle whose action can close the mouth
Definition
masseter
Term
Quiz 5

Name the muscle that you would use to blow up a balloon?
Definition
orbicularis oris
Term
Quiz 5

What is the origin of the masseter muscle
Definition
zygomatic arch
Term
Quiz 5

Other than the masseter, name another muscle that elevates the mandible at the temporomandibular joint
Definition
temporalis
Term
Quiz 5

Name the muscle that tenses the skin of your neck
Definition
platysma
Term
Quiz 5

What is the name for the movement that decreases the angle between the articulating bones
Definition
flexion
Term
Quiz 5 You are playing slapjack with your friend and trying to smack the top of their hands before they pull them away. You begin the game with your palms face up. WHat is the name for the movement at the proximal radioulnar joint when you turn your hand over to try to slap their hand.
Definition
pronation
Term
Quiz 5

You are at the ballet and are amazed by the footwork you see. What is the name for the action of standing on the toes
Definition
plantar flexion
Term
Quiz 5

what is one advantage of a muscle whose fascicles are arranged in a convergent pattern?
Definition
it is versatile --parts of the muscle can be used to assist in other movements
Term
Quiz 5
you get a great score on this quiz what muscles do you use to smile and show your happiness
Definition
zygomatic major and zygomatic minor
Term
Quiz 2

Serous membranes are composed of this type of epithelial tissue
Definition
simple squamous epithelial tissue
Term
Quiz 2

Describe action of dendrites
Definition
pick up chemical signals from the environment
Term
Quiz2

Describe action of cell body
Definition
integrates all incoming signals
Term
Quiz 2

Describe action of axon
Definition
transmits chemical signals into electrical signals on way to synaptic terminal
Term
Quiz 2

Describe action of synaptic terminal
Definition
electrical signals cause release of chemical agents neurotransmitters
Term
Exam 1

Deep into the skin and the subcutaneous layer is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds muscle and is bound to tendons, ligaments and the periosteum. This connective framework is called _____?
Definition
deep fascia
Term
Exam 1

True /false
this is the correct order of the connective tissue types listed from most to least flexible: blood; adipose tissue, hyaline cartilage, dense regular connective tissue, bone
Definition
false
Term
Quiz 6

Name the 2 muscles that aBduct the humerus?
Definition
deltoid (whole muscle)

supra spinatus
Term
Quiz 6

Name the muscle that is the antagonist to the deltoid and supra spinatus
Definition
pectoralis major
Term
Quiz 6
Name 2 muscles the flex the forearm
Definition
Biceps brachii

brachialis
Term
Quiz 6

Name the muscle that can cause fleion of both the humerus and the forearm
Definition
bicep brachii
Term
Quiz 6

Name one action of the latissimus dorsi muscle?
Definition
extension of humerus
Term
Quiz 6

What are the four muscles of the rotator cuff?
Definition
supraspinatus, infraspinatus
subscapularis, teres minor
Term
Quiz 6

Name the action of the trapezius muscle
Definition
elevates shoulder joint
Term
Quiz 6

On what surface of the body is the pectoralis major muscle?
Definition
anterior
Term
Quiz 6

Name the specific muscle that compresses the abdomen and increases intra-abdominal pressure
Definition
rectus abdominus
Term
Quiz 6

To look up, name one extra-ocular eye muscle that you could see
Definition
superior rectus
Term
Quiz 6

you are mad at your friend and so you stick out your tongue at them. What muscle of the tongue do you use to do this?
Definition
genioglossus
Term
Quiz 6

Based on its name, what do you know about the muscle that is named spinalis thoracis
Definition
it inserts on the thoracic vertebrae and is closest muscle to the spine (vertebrae)
Term
Quiz 6

Name the muscle that produces the medial rotation of the humerus
Definition
subscapularis
Term
Quiz 6
the diaphragm has three openings in it to provide the name for one of the structures that pass through it?
Definition
esophagus
Term
Quiz 6

What is one function of the muscles of the pelvic floor
Definition
support and protect pelvic organs
Term
Quiz 6

Name 2 muscles for inspiration
Definition
diaphragm and external intercostals
Term
Quiz 6

Which muscle is deeper, the internal oblique or transverse abdominis
Definition
transverse abdominis
Term
Quiz 6

this muscle flexes the neck?
Definition
Sternocleidomastoid
Term
Quiz 6

Name the muscle that produces lateral rotation of the humerus?
Definition
latissimus dorsi
Term
Quiz 6

Name two actions of the triceps brachii muscle
Definition
extension of the elbow, adduction of shoulders/humerus
Term
Quiz 7

The ventral root contains
Definition
axons of descending motor neurons
Term
Quiz 7

these 2 regions of the spinal cord are enlarged in diameter
Definition
cervical and lumbar
Term
Quiz 7

The spinal cord proper extends from the brain down to this region of the vertebral column
Definition
lumbar region
Term
Quiz 7

This is the innermost spinal meningeal layer
Definition
pia mater
Term
Quiz 7

This is the name of the fibrous tissue that provides longitudinal support for the spinal cord
Definition
filum terminale
Term
Quiz 7

The posterior gray horn of the spinal cord contains
Definition
somatic and visceral sensory nucli
Term
Quiz 7

The lateral whit columns contain_________?
Definition
nerve axons that have sensory functions of pain and temperature
Term
Quiz 7

Name the 2 regions associated with spinal cord that are filled with cerebrospinal fluid
Definition
Subcahoid space and centeral canal
Term
Quiz 7

Your friend taps you on the back to get your attention. The sensory nerve that gets activated by this tap enters the spinal nerve through the _________?
Definition
dorsal ramus
Term
Quiz 7

The cervical plexus is made by fusion of the venteral rami of
Definition
spinal segments c1-c5
Term
Quiz 7

Other than the cervical plexus, name 2 other nerve plexuses
Definition
Brachial and lumbar
Term
Quiz 7

Specific regions of the body surface are monitored by a particular spinal nerve. These regions are called
Definition
dermatomes
Term
Quiz 7

Name one muscle that is innervated by the median nerve
Definition
flexor carpi ulnaris
Term
Quiz 7

Skin over the medial surface of the hand is monitored by this spinal nerve
Definition
ulnar nerve
Term
Quiz 7

Skin over the lateral and posterior surface of the hand is monitored by this spinal nerve
Definition
radial nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The deltoid muscle is innervated by this spinal nerve
Definition
Axillary nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The triceps brachii muscle is innervated by this spinal nerve
Definition
radial nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The biceps brachii muscle is innervated by this spinal nerve
Definition
musco cutaneous nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The quadriceps muscles are innervated by this spinal nerve. As a result, an impaired knee jerk reflex would raise suspicions of damage to this nerve
Definition
femoral nerve
Term
Quiz 7

From what spinal chord segements, does the femoral nerve arise? If there was an impaired knee jerk reflex, what regions of the spinal chord would you suspect to be damaged?
Definition
Segments L2-L4
Term
Quiz 7

When the lateral aspects of the sole of the heel to the ball of the foot is simulated, should you expect to see Babinski reflex or the plantars reflex in a clinically normal adult patient?
Definition
Plantar reflex
Term
Quiz 7

What nerve innervates two hamstring muscles (semimembranosus and semitendinosus)
Definition
sciatic nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The skin over the medial surface of the leg is monitored by this spinal nerve
Definition
saphenous nerve
Term
Quiz 7

Carpal tunnel is due to compression of this spinal nerve?
Definition
median nerve
Term
Quiz 7

The diaphragm muscle is controlled by this spinal nerve
Definition
phrenic nerve
Term
Quiz 7

A person with an injury to which spinal regions would result in an inability to control the diaphragm
Definition
c3-c5
Term
Quiz 8

This is the name for a specific nucleus found in the midbrain
Definition
red nucleus
Term
Quiz 8

What is the function of the red nucleus
Definition
involved in involuntary control of muscle tone and posture
Term
Quiz 8

The medulla oblongata has centers that control this autonomic function. There is more than one possible answer
Definition
respiration
Term
Quiz 8

This brain region is responsible for adjusting postural muscles for balance and equilibrium along with fine tuning movements
Definition
cerebellum
Term
Quiz 8

The pons is associated with the following cranial nerves.
Definition
Cranial nerves 5-8
Term
Quiz 8

What is the name of the connection between the third and the fourth ventricles?
Definition
aqueduct of midbrain
Term
Quiz 8

This is the specific region of the brain where, prior to movement, a skeletal muscle motor plan is developed. This plan is then executed by the precentral gyrus
Definition
primary motor cortex of the frontal lobe of cerebrum
Term
Quiz 8

The fourth ventricle is located between which 2 brain regions
Definition
cerebellum and pons
Term
Quiz 8

This is one difference between the cranial dura mater compared to the spinal dura mater
Definition
cranial dura mater has 2 layers
Term
Quiz 8

A person comes to the ER with symptoms after a stroke. They are telling you that hey no longer have sensation in their right hand. Which specific brain region do you suspect as the site of damage due to the stroke.
Definition
Left parietal lobe of cerebrum
Term
Quiz 8

What is the function of the pre-frontal cortex?
Definition
decision making
Term
Quiz 8

Name one specific function of the hypothalamus
Definition
produces hormones oxytocin and vasopression
Term
Quiz 8

This region of the cerebrum is the final destination for cranial nerve 1
Definition
olfactory cortex of temporal lobe of cerebrum
Term
Quiz 8

Which cranial nerves also carry parasympathetic nerves with them?
Definition
III

VII

IX

X
Term
Quiz 8
This is the name of cranial nerve VII
Definition
facial nerve
Term
Quiz 8

The function of cranial nerve VIII is
Definition
hearing balance and equilibrium
Term
Quiz 8

Damage to this cranial nerve would present clinically as difficulty speaking and swallowing because it innervates the muscle of the tongue
Definition
hypoglossal XII
Term
Quiz 8

The superior oblique muscle is innervated by this specific cranial nerve
Definition
Trochlear IV
Term
Quiz 8

Damage to this cranial nerve would present clinically as paralysis of the muscles of masticiation (chewing) along with loss of sensation on the skin of the forehead, eyelids, gums , teeth and lips
Definition
trigeminal V
Term
Quiz 8

Damage to this cranial nerve would present as paralysis of the muscles of facial expression and loss of taste
Definition
Facial VII
Term
Quiz 8

This is an example of cranial nerve that is mixed (sensory and motor)
Definition
Facial VII
Term
Quiz 8

You are performing a physical exam on a patient when you notice that they are unable to follow the penlight with their eyes. ANd the size of their pupil does not change in response to the sense of light. They are also complaining of double vision
Definition
Occulomotor III
Term
Quiz 9

This is the name for the receptor found on the cell bodies of post-ganglionic in the autonomic nervous system
Definition
Nicotinic receptors
Term
Quiz 9

This is the name of the neurotransmitter released by the parasympathetic post-ganglionic neuron
Definition
acetylcholine
Term
Quiz 9

Name 2 actions produced by the parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
salivation; digestion
Term
Quiz 9

This chemical signal is released by the adrenal medulla into the blood
Definition
epinephrine
Term
Quiz 9

This is the name for a specific collateral ganglia
Definition
superior mesenteix
Term
Quiz 9

Collateral ganglia are part of this division of the autonomic nervous system
Definition
sympathetic
Term
Quiz 9

This nerve is a major nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system; it is responsible for regulating organs in the thoracic and most of the abdominal cavity
Definition
vagus nerve
Term
Quiz 9

Target tissues of the sympathetic nervous system have these receptors.
Definition
alpha and beta receptors
Term
Quiz 9

Name 2 hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland
Definition
oxytocin and vasopressin
Term
Quiz 9

Explain the functional relationship between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
Definition
the hypothalamus is the "boss" and regulates the action of the anterior pituitary via regulatory hormones that travel via the portal veins growth hormones, thyroid stimulating hormone
Term
Quiz 9

Name 2 hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland
Definition
Growth hormone
thyroid stimulating hormone
Term
Quiz 9

Name 2 hormones secreted by the pituitary gland
Definition
prolactin
leuteniting hormone
Term
Parathyroid hormone is responsible for regulating
Definition
calcium levels
Term
Quiz 9

Describe location of thyroid and parathyroid glands
Definition
the thyroid gland is in the anterior neck where the "adams apple" would be and the parathyroid gland is 4 pea size glands on the posterior surface of the thyroid glans
Term
Quiz 9

Name 1 hormone released by the adrenal cortex
Definition
aldosterone
Term
Quiz 9

For hormone aldosterone give its function
Definition
cause kidney to retain sodium and eliminate potassium
Term
Quiz 9

name 2 hormones secreted by the pancreas
Definition
glucagon and insulin
Term
Quiz 9

for the hormone glucagon name the cell type in the pancreas that secretes it
Definition
alpha cells secrete glucagon
Term
Quiz 9

What is one anatomical (structural)difference between antioventricular valves and the semilunar valves in the heart
Definition
antrioventricular valves have papillary muscles to help, hold valve in place and semilunar do not
Term
Quiz 9

What is the significant problem associated with the ventricular septal defect or a patent foramen ovale (PFO)
Definition
There is an opening (hole) between the two artia (PFO) or 2 ventricles (Ventricle septal defect)
Term
Quiz 9

How is the myocardium of the right and left ventricular different from one another
Definition
The left ventricle myocardium is thicker than the right ventricular myocardium because the LV must pump to the systemic circuit while the RV only has to pump blood to the lungs
Term
Quiz 9

The left coronary artery branches into these 2 vessels
Definition
circumflex branch
left anterior descending branch (LAD)
Term
Quiz 9

Percardial effusion is when fluids builds up between these two membrane layers around the heart. name those membranes
Definition
visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium
Term
Quiz 9 Trace the pathway of blood flow through the heart, starting where it enters the heart from the systemic circulation and ending when it re-enter the systemic circulation
Definition
superior/inferior vena cava/coronary sinsus->right atrium_>tricuspid valve_>right ventricle-pulmonary semilunar valve-> pulmonary artery/pulmonary trunk->lungs pulmonary veins->left atrium->bicuspid /mitral valve-Left ventricle->aortic semilunar valve->aorta->systemic circulation
Term
Quiz 9 ''Trace the pathway for electric current flow through the electrical conducting system, stating with the hearts natural pacemakes
Definition
sino atrial node-intermodal pathways-atrioventricular node -atrioventicular bundle (AV Bundle) right/left bundle brances-purkinge fibers
Term
Quiz 10 This portion of the respiratory system is lined by c-shaped rings of cartilage
Definition
trachea
Term
Quiz 10
The vocal ligaments are attached to these 2 cartilages
Definition
thyroid and artenoid
Term
Quiz 10

What is one function of the upper respiratory system
Definition
warm the air
Term
Quiz 10

What is 1 function of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles
Definition
opens and close glottis
Term
Quiz 10

This cartilage folds over the entrance to the larynx
Definition
epiglottis
Term
Quiz 10

This structure supplies air directly into the alveoli
Definition
bronchioles
Term
quiz 10

How many primary bronchi do you have?
Definition
2
Term
Quiz 10

This is a term for making a surgical incision in the trachea
Definition
tracheotomy
Term
Quiz 10
The pressure in the pleural cavity is always beloe atmospheric when the pressure in the pleural cavity increases, this can cause the lung to collapse and this is called
Definition
pneumothorax
Term
Quiz 10
name 2 arteries that branch off the aortic arch
Definition
branchiocephalic trunk

left subclavin
Term
Quiz 10

Name 2 unpaired arteries that branch off of the abdominal aorta
Definition
celiar trunk
superior mesenteric
Term
Quiz 10

All veins draining blood from the digestive organs drain into this vein before heading to the liver
Definition
hepatic portal vein
Term
Quiz 10

The inner lining of the blood vessels is called the _______and it contains this tissue type:_______
Definition
tunica interna
simple squamous epithelial tissue
Term
Quiz 10

Name 1 type of blood vessel that does not contain all 3 layers of blood vessels
Definition
arterioles
Term
Quiz 10

What is one structural difference between veins and arteries
Definition
arteries have more muscle than veins
Term
Quiz 10

the two vertebral arteries from the _____artery
Definition
basilar
Term
Quiz 10

in addition to the vertebral artery, what other artery supplies blood to the brain?
Definition
right and left internal carotid arteries
Term
Quiz 10

What is the main vein that drains blood from the brain and that empties into the brachiocephalic vein
Definition
internal jugular vein
Term
Quiz 10

This artery supplies blood directly to the pelvic cavity including the urinary bladder and reproductive organs
Definition
right and left internal iliac
Term
Quiz 10

this blood vessel network circles the infundibulum of the pituitary gland
Definition
circle of willis
Term
Quiz 10

Name one superficial vein and its deep counterpart
Definition
great saphenous

superficial femoral deep vein
Term
Quiz 10 What blood vessels branch from the branchiocephalic artery-name both
Definition
right subclavin
right common caratid
Term
Quiz 10

These two blood vessels supply blood to the large intestine
Definition
superior mesenteric

inferior mesenteric
Term
Quiz 10

trace blood flow from the heart to the lateral aspect of the right forearm
Definition
right atrium--ascending aorta--aortic arch--brachiocephalic trunk--right subclavin--right axillary--right brachial--right radial
Term
Exam 2

Name 3 muscles that produce flexion at the glenohumeral joint
Definition
deltoid
pectoralis major
biceps brachii
Term
Exam 2

Name the muscles that form the musculocutaneous rotator cuff?
Definition
Teres minor
subcapularis
infraspinatus
supraspinatus
Term
Exam 2

From the smallest to the largest name the order of the muscle organization
Definition
myofilaments
myofibrils
cells
fascicles
Term
Exam 2

Which sarcomere structure decrease in size with muscle contraction?
Definition
I-band
distance from z-line to z-line
Term
Exam 2

list axial muscles
Definition
diaphragm
temporoparietalis
platysma
Term
Exam 2
True/False

Each hand contains 15 phalanges
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2

Name which of the following is associated with glial cells
Definition
astrocytes-form the blood brain barrier

ependymal-create cerebrospinal fluid
Term
Exam 2

Which are terms for gray matter in the nervous system

A. tract
B. Ganglia
C, Nerve
D. center
Definition
b. ganglia
d. center
Term
Exam 2

Name structures of pelvic girdle
Definition
greater sciatic notch
superior gluteal line
ischial tuberosity
Term
Exam 2

Name the muscle that can both adduct and medially rotate the humerus
Definition
pectoral major
Term
Exam 2

Name two actions of the deltoid muscle
Definition
whole muscle aBducts humerus and shoulder joint
Term
Exam 2

Name a muscle that can both abduct and medially rotate the thigh
Definition
gluteus medius
Term
Exam 2

Fleor muscles of the wrist are found on the Anterior/Posterior surface of the forearm
Definition
anterior
Term
Exam 2

this muscle dorsiflexes and inverts the foot
Definition
tibialis anterior
Term
Exam 2

The (a) _____muscle extends the thigh while the (b)____muscle flexes the thigh
Definition
a. biceps femoris
B. iliacus
Term
Exam 2

The wedding ring is worn around this specific bone
Definition
proximal phalanx of IV
Term
Exam 2

In a muscle cell, calcium is stored in the _____and when this calcium is released it binds to the protein _________.
Definition
sarcoplasmic reticulum

troponin
Term
Exam 2

these are 2 distal carpal bones
Definition
trapezium
trapezoid
Term
Exam 2

Provide the name of a muscle that is named due to the orientation of its muscle fibers
Definition
rectus femoris
Term
Exam 2

Name 2 muscles that elevate the mandible
Definition
masseter
temporalis
Term
Exam 2

Name one muscle of the pelvic floor and indicate its function
Definition
external anal sphincter -opens and closes the anus
Term
Exam 2

The (a)_______is the lateral bone of the forearm while the (b)______is the lateral bone of the leg
Definition
a. radius
b. fibula
Term
Exam 1

The action of frowning can be produced by contraction of this muscle
Definition
depressor anguli oris
Term
Exam 2

Name a joint that is triaxial (angular motion in two planes and rotational motion)
Definition
glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)
Term
Exam 2

the automatic nervous system consists of the _____and _____divisions
Definition
parasympathetic

sympathetic
Term
Exam 2

The somatic nervous system is responsible for monitoring and regulating the activity of
Definition
Skeletal muscle
Term
Exam 2

These structures of the knee joint, which are made of fibrocartilage, help the two articulating bones to fit together better to stabilize the joint
Definition
lateral and medial meniscus
Term
Exam 2

The bony edges of the _____is called the pelvic brim and this opening is called the pelvic inlet
Definition
lesser pelvis
Term
Exam 2

this structure of the hip makes it more stable than the shoulder joint.
Definition
femoral ligament
Term
Exam 2
True/False

Actin only binds to myosin in the presence of calcium
Definition
true
Term
Exam 2
True/False

The lateral pterygoid muscle can move the mandible side to side
Definition
true
Term
Exam 2
True/False

The temporomandibular joint is a hinge joint
Definition
true
Term
Exam 2
True/False

The correct order of lateral abdominal wall muscles from superficial to deep is external oblique, transverse abdominis, internal oblique
Definition
False
Term
Exam 2
True/False
When seated your weight rest of the iliac tuberosity
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2
true/false

Ascending tracts are found in the central nervous system and they carry sensory information
Definition
true
Term
Exam 2
True/False

Parallel muscles, such as the deltoid, have greater versatility of actions permitted due to the ability to use different portions of the muscle
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2
True/False
The ends of bones in a synovial are lined with firbocartilage
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2
True/False

Luxation is a partial dislocation of a joint
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2
True/False

circumduction is an action permitted only at the hip and shoulder joints
Definition
false
Term
Exam 2
True/False
Amphiarthroses are freely movable parts
Definition
false
Term
exam 2

Acetabulum

Found on which bone?
Definition
ilium, ischium and pubis (make up pelvic girdle and form acetabulum
Term
Exam 2

Trochlea

Found on which bone?
Definition
humerus
Term
Exam 2012

Acromion

Found on which bone?
Definition
scapula
Term
Exam 2

Distal extremity

Found on which bone?
Definition
radius
Term
Exam 2

Describe action of muscle

internal intercostals
Definition
helps with expiration- size of thoracic cavity decreases
Term
Exam 2

Describe action of muscle

Platysma
Definition
flexes the skin of neck and depresses mandible
Term
Exam 2

Describe action of muscle

sternocleidomastoid (both sides)
Definition
flexes the neck, puts head to chin
Term
Exam 2

Describe action of muscle

lliocostalis cervicis
Definition
extends the spine
Term
Exam 2

Describe action of muscle

quadratus lumborum

(one side only)
Definition
lateral flexion of vertebral column
Term
Test 3
This is the name for the spinal cord tapers to a point near the spinal cord segment L2
Definition
conus medullaris
Term
Test3
What is one difference between cranial and spinal meninges?
Definition
cranial has 2 layers of the dura mater
Term
Test3
This is the name of the innermost meningeal layer
Definition
pia mater
Term
Test 3
There are____spinal nerves and _____cranial nerves
Definition
31 Spinal nerves
12 cranial nerves
Term
Test 3
The name for the specific region of the body surface that is monitored by a particular spinal nerve is called__________ These regions are very important for clinical diagnosis of spinal nerve damage
Definition
dermatones
Term
Test 3

The 4th ventricle is between these 2 brain regions. Name both
Definition
pons and cerebellum
Term
Test 3
This lobe of the cerebrum is the final destination for all sensory information from skin. In other words you know that you cut your finger when the information arrives here
Definition
partial lobe
somatic sensory association area
Term
Test 3

The substantia nigra is found in this brain region
Definition
Term
Test 3

The adrenal cortex secretes (a) _______while the adrenal medulla secretes (b)__________there are several possible answers,
Definition
a. cortisol
b. epinephrine
Term
Test 3

Name 2 hormones secreted by the hypothalamus
Definition
vasopression; oxytocin
Term
Test 3

The endocrine pancreas secretes (a)______ while the exocrine pancreas secretes (b)_________
Definition
A___________
b. digestive enzymes
Term
Test 3
The membrane that lines the body wall in the abdominal cavity
Definition
parietal peritoneum
Term
Test 3
Name 3 paired vessels that branch off of the abdominal aorta_______
Definition
left/right common iliac
renal (left and right kidney)
Term
Test 3
These 2 structures are part of the tricuspid and bicuspid valves, but not the semilunar valves
Definition
Term
Test 3 This branch of the left cornorary artery branches onto the posterior surface of the heart.
Definition
circumflex branch
Term
Test 3

Contraction of smooth muscle in the ______layer of the blood vessel wall results in constriction
Definition
tunica media
Term
Test 3 This is one muscle who contraction results in inspiration
Definition
external intercostais
Term
Test 3

Idf damaged or diseased, which specific brain region result in difficulty in maintaining balance and equilibrium?
Definition
cerebellum
Term
Test 3 If damaged or diseased, which specific brain region would result in difficulty in visual impairments (difficult seeing)
Definition
occipital lobe
Term
Test 3
This substance is secreted by a pneumocyte type ii cell in the alveoli. The substance makes it easier to increase the size of the alveoli during inspiration. Premature babies have difficulty breathing sometimes because these cells are not fully mature yet?
Definition
surfactant
Term
Test 3 The inner layer of the digestive tract is the _____
Definition
mucosa
Term
Test 3

This is the name for the sphincter between the stomach and small intestine
Definition
pyloric sphincter
Term
Test 3

This specific portion of the respiratory system can adjust its diameter (ex. dilation and constriction) because it contains smooth muscle lining its walls
Definition
bronchioles
Term
Test 3
The (a) _______and (b) ______are the 2 main blood vessels (veins) that bring blood . Back from Brain
Definition
internal jugular vein
vertebral vein
Term
Test 3
The (a)_____muscles elevates the larynx, which helps bend the (b) _____over the entrance to the larynx
Definition
A. extrinsic laryngeal

B. epiglottis
Term
Test 3
List true statement for parasympathic
division of nervous system
Definition
-preganglion neurons have long axons and post ganglionic neurons have short
-cause an increase in urination, defecation, salivation and lacrimation
Term
Test 3
List true statements for sympathetic division
Definition
-increase heart rate and decrease digestive activities
-uses alpha and beta receptors on the target tissues
-The medulla is part of this system
Term
Test 3
List statement that is true of both parasympathetic and sympathetic
Definition
The pre-ganglionic neuron releases acetylocholine

Targets smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and many exocrine glands
Term
Test 3 True or false

The spinal cord is enlarged in the thoracic and lumbar regions
Definition
False it is enlarged in the cervical and lumbar regions
Term
Test 3 true or false

The two internal carotid arteries form the basilar artery
Definition
False the two vertebral arteries form the basilar artery
Term
Test 3 true or false

The celiac trunk branches off of the aorta and then branches off into the left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries
Definition
True
Term
Test 3 True or False
Arteries always carry blood that has a high concentration of oxygen.
Definition
False
Term
Test 3 True or False

Both arteries and veins contain valves that ensure one-way flow of blood.
Definition
False
Term
Test 3 True or False
The thyroid cartilage is a complete ring of cartilage
Definition
False The cricoid is a complete ring of cartilage
Term
Name the 3 of lobes in each side of the lungs
Definition
Left side has 2 the right side has 3
Term
Test 3 the kidney and pancreas are retroperitoneal
Definition
True
Term
Test 3 True or False

The submandibular salivary gland is the largest salivary gland
Definition
false
Term
Test 3 True or False
Test 3

How many deciduous teeth
How many adult?
Definition
How many deciduous teeth-20
How many adult-32
Term
What organ produces bile?
Definition
Liver
Term
Test 3
Median

Nerve plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function
Definition
Test 3
Median

Nerve plexus- brachial plexus

muscle it innervations or sensory function- palmaris longus
Term
Test 3
phrenic

Nerve plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function
Definition
phrenic

Nerve plexus- cervical plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function-diaphram
Term
sciatic

Nerve plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function
Definition
phrenic

Nerve plexus- sacral plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function- semitendinosus
Term
Radial

Nerve plexus
muscle it innervations or sensory function
Definition
phrenic

Nerve plexus- brachial pleus
muscle it innervations or sensory function-triceps brachii
Term
Cranial nerve: hypoglossal nerve CN XII

Brain region association

function sensory /motor
Definition
Cranial nerve:

Brain region association-medulla oblongata

function sensory /motor- muscle of the tongue
Term
Cranial nerve: olfactory Nerve CNI

Brain region association

function sensory /motor
Definition
Cranial nerve:

Brain region association-cerebrum

function sensory /motor-smell
Term
Cranial nerve: optic nerve CNII

Brain region association

function sensory /motor
Definition
Cranial nerve:

Brain region association- diencephalon

function sensory /motor- vision
Term
Cranial nerve: vestbulocochlear nerve CN VIII

Brain region association

function sensory /motor
Definition
Cranial nerve:

Brain region association- pons and medulla oblongata

function sensory /motor- hearing and balance
Term
Cranial nerve:oculomotor Nerve CN III

Brain region association

function sensory /motor
Definition
Cranial nerve:

Brain region association-midbrain

function sensory /motor-intrinsic eye muscle
Term
pons function
Definition
contains the pons and pneumotaxic centers
Term
diencephalon
Definition
automatic functions, some hormone production, and relay center for sensory information
Term
medulla oblongata
Definition
automatic regulation of visceral functions such as cardiovascular and respiratory activities
Term
mesencephalon (midbrain)
Definition
maintenance of consciousness, processing of visual and auditory information
Term
cerebrum
Definition
memory storage and processing, consciousness and subconscious regulation of skeletal muscle contractions
Term
Number of autorhythmic cells
Definition
sinoatrial node
intermodal pathway
atrioventricular node
bundle of His or atrioventricular bundle
left and right bundle branches
purkinje fibers
Term
Number the structure in the respiratory system in order for transferring air into the lungs
Definition
pharynx
glottis
larynx
trachea
primary bronchi
terminal bronchioles
respiratory bronchioles
alveoli
Term
Number the structure in the respiratory system in order for transferring air into the lungs
Definition
pharynx
glottis
larynx
trachea
primary bronchi
terminal bronchioles
respiratory bronchioles
alveoli
Term
number the structures in the digestive system in order for passing food through the bowel
Definition
stomach
duodenum
jejunum
ileum
cecum
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon
rectum
Term
2 specific disease and intervention
Definition
celiac disease- when small intestine gluten is affecting the plica of the mucusa in the small intestine causing the lining to begin to become rough and have indentions which why those who eat gluten become very sick.

Varicose veins-when muscles are not contracting enough to push the blood through your veins back to your heart so the veins back up and result in a different shape
Term
cerebrospinal fluid circulates around the nervous system
Definition
ventricles
subarachnoid space
centeral canal
Term
cerebrospinal fluid circulates around the nervous system
Definition
ventricles
subarachnoid space
centeral canal
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