Term
| Which portion of the nervous system would innervate the liver and heart? |
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Definition
| Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
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Term
| Which nervous system regulates smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands? |
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Definition
| Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) |
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Term
| What is the function of the sympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
| Mobilizes energy reserves, the flight or fight response, usually responses are system wide (all-or-none) |
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Term
| What is the function of the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
| Conserves resources, integrates and regulates body systems, responses are specific/localized |
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Term
| You are about to take the Unit 1 exam. As you wait for the exam to start, your heart starts pounding. Which portion of the nervous system is involved in this response? |
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Definition
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Term
| You just finished a Wendy's Spicy Chicken Sandwich and a large chocolate frosty dessert. Which portion of the nervous system will help you digest the tasty meal? |
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Definition
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Term
| How many neurons are required for the autonomic nervous system to produce an effect? |
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Definition
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Term
| I am an autonomic neuron located in the brain. What type of autonomic neuron am I? |
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Definition
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Term
| sensory fibers that monitor the functional status of viscera and convey the sensation of visceral pain |
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Definition
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Term
| 1 of 2 divisions of ANS that mobilizes energy reserves and generates an "all or none" response |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between an autonomic and sensory ganglion? |
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Definition
| There are no synapses in sensory ganglia. |
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Term
| 1 of 2 divisions of ANS that conserves resources, integrates and regulates body systems, and generates a localized/specific response. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some of the ways autonomic nerves travel to organs? |
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Definition
1. Independently, either in a named nerve or plexus
2. With spinal/cranial nerves and their branches.
3. With blood vessels
*Most organs receive sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers with the exception of cutaneous blood vessels, hair shafts, and sweat glands, which receive only post ganglionic sympathetic fibers |
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Term
| location of preganglionic neuron |
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Definition
| CNS (brain or spinal cord) |
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Term
| Where do the sympathetic fibers originate in the spinal cord? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic nerves located within the spinal cord? |
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Definition
| In the lateral horn of the gray matter in the spinal cord. |
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Term
| Where do the axons of the preganglionic sympathetic neurons exit the spinal cord? |
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Definition
| They exit as components of the ventral roots of the spinal nerves |
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Term
| How do the preganglionic sympathetic neurons get from the ventral ramus to the sympathetic chain ganglion? |
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Definition
| They travel from the ventral ramus to the white ramus communicans, which leads directly to the sympathetic chain ganglion |
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Term
| Where are the majority of synapses between pre and postganglionic sympathetic neurons located? |
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Definition
| the sympathetic chain ganglion |
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Term
| Which areas of the body receive only sympathetic fibers but not parasympathetic fibers? |
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Definition
| smooth musculature of cutaneous blood vessels, erector pili, and sweat glands (receive only postganglionic sympathetic fibers) |
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Term
| Where do the parasympathetic fibers originate in the spinal cord? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many different types of nerve fibers are contained within a dorsal ramus? A ventral ramus? A ventral root? A dorsal root? |
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Definition
Dorsal ramus: motor, sensory, postganglionic sympathetic
Ventral ramus: same
dorsal root: sensory (afferent)
ventral root: motor (efferent), preganglionic sympathetic |
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Term
| What is the traditional path of an preganglionic sympathetic nerve as it exits the spinal cord? |
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Definition
| ventral root---->white ramus communicans ---> sympathetic chain ganglion --> ventral/dorsal rami ---> periphery |
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Term
| How do organs and skin at a level of the spinal cord without sympathetic fibers receive sympathetic information? |
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Definition
| Sympathetic fibers can travel up or down the sympathetic chain, synapse, and join dorsal or ventral rami to proceed to various organs or tissue. |
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Term
| Axons of the preganglionic sympathetic neurons exit the gray matter of the spinal cord as components of the _____ roots of spinal nerves |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names of the preganglionic sympathetic fibers that synapse in the prevertebral ganglia called? |
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Definition
| The thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves |
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Term
| ___ganglionic neurons travel through the white ramus commicans to before entering the paravetebral or pre-vertebral sympathetic chain ganglia |
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Definition
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Term
| What do the prevertebral ganglia innervate? |
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Definition
| The abdominal and pelvic viscera |
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Term
| ___ganglionic neurons travel through the gray ramus commicans to be distributed to the skin together with somatic sensory fibers in the dorsal or ventral rami. |
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Definition
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Term
| How does a sympathetic response terminate? |
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Definition
| When the signal that started the response ends |
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Term
| Where are the cell bodies of afferent visceral fibers located? |
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Definition
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Term
| How does referred pain work? |
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Definition
| Exteroreceptors from the somatic nervous system are located at the same level as the visceral afferent fibers within the spinal cord. The brain misinterprets the information as coming from the dermatomes. |
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Term
| (T/F) There are NO parasympathetic fibers located in the dorsal or ventral rami. |
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Definition
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Term
| (T/F) Some postganglionic sympathetic fibers are distributed directly to the heart or lungs. |
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Definition
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Term
| (T/F)The abdominal and pelvic viscera only receive sympathetic innervation from prevertebral ganglia. |
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Definition
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