Term
| Name and explain the parts of the autonomic nervous system |
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Definition
Sympathetic: speeds up or tightens (fight or flight)
Parasympathetic: slows down or relaxes (rest and digest) |
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Term
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Definition
| Non-connecting connection between neurons. Need chemical neurotransmitters to carry impulses between neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
Presynaptic neuron: sender
Postsynaptic neuron: receiver |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 1 and function |
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Definition
| Olfactory: sensory= smell |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 2 and function |
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Definition
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Term
| Cranial nerve 3 and function |
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Definition
| Oculomotor: Motor= most eye movement |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 4 and function |
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Definition
| Trochlear: motor= eye movement to look at nose |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 5 and function |
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Definition
| Trigeminal: both= sensation of face/mastication |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 6 and function |
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Definition
| Abducens: motor= abduction of eye |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 7 and function |
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Definition
| Facial: both= taste/ facial expression |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 8 and function |
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Definition
| Vestibulocochlear: sensory= hearing and balance |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 9 and function |
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Definition
| Glossopharengeal: both= taste/ gag reflex |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 10 and function |
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Definition
| Vagus: both= sensation and motion of internal organs |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 11 and function |
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Definition
| Spinal accessory: Motion= upper back/neck muscles |
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Term
| Cranial nerve 12 and function |
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Definition
| Hypoglossal: motor= swallowing and speech |
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Term
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Definition
| Cerebrum, brainstem, cerebellum |
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Term
| 4 lobes of the brain and their function |
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Definition
1) Frontal: emotional behavior and smell
2) Occipital: Vision
3) Parietal: sensory awareness
4) Temporal: hearing |
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Term
| How many pairs of spinal nerves are there (break them up into their respective groups) |
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Definition
31 pairs
Cervical: 8
Thoracic: 12
Lumbar: 5
Sacral: 5
Coccyx: 1 |
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Term
| How are the spinal nerves arranged |
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Definition
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Term
| Meninges what they are and the 3 layers |
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Definition
3 layers of covering around the spinal cord and brain.
1) Dura matter: hard outer layer/ extension of dura of the brain
2) Arachnoid matter: middle translucent layer/ separated from pia matter by subarachnoid space
3) Pia matter: thin inner vascular layer covering |
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Term
| Location, function, and circulation of cerebral spinal fluid |
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Definition
Location: subarachnoid space
Function: lubrication and friction of spinal cord
Circulation: ventricles and around spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| C5-C7, 5 major nerves of upper limb (Musculocutaneuos, median, radial, ulnar, and axillary), made up of Roots/trunk/division/cords/branches |
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Term
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Definition
| L1-L4, major nerves of lower body (femoral and sciatic nerve) |
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Term
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Definition
| area of the skin that's innervated by nerves, testing sensations of these can determine an injury in the spine |
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Term
| Types of sensory receptors and their locations |
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Definition
1)Exteroceptors: near body surface, epidermis and connective tissue, heat/touch/pain
Proprioceptors: deep tissue, stretch/movement/pressure/
Interoceptors: epithelial tissue, line vessel walls |
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Term
| Location of ganglia in spinal cord/nerve |
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Definition
| intersection of nerves in peripheral NS and posterior/sensory root of neuron |
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Term
| What is an ascending nerve tract |
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Definition
| Sensory input to CNS from body (goes up spinal cord to brain) |
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Term
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Definition
| Involuntary muscles response to stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 synapse 2 neurons, knee jerk reflex, does not require higher level of function |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple synapses and neurons, with drawl reflex (heat or pain) |
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Term
| Both types of blood flow circulation and explain |
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Definition
1) Pulmonary: deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to lungs to pick up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide, takes oxygenated blood to left side of heart
2)Systematic circulation: oxygenated blood from left side of heart goes out to the body, deoxygenated blood goes back to the right side of the heart |
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Term
| Differences between arteries and veins |
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Definition
Arteries: have a muscle wall, maintain pressure, have small lumen, don't have valves, carry oxygenated blood to the body
Veins: don't have a muscle wall, don't maintain pressure, have large lumen, have valves, and carry deoxygenated blood to the heart |
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Term
| Mediastinum (location, structures of it, and sections of it) |
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Definition
Location: Cavity in chest between but excluding the lungs
Structures: houses/protects the heart and great vessels, esophagus and trachea pass through, vagus and phrenic nerve innervate it, and the thymus gland
Sections: superior, anterior, posterior, lateral wall, floor (thoracic diaphragm) |
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Term
| Chambers of the heart and blood flow of the right heart |
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Definition
1)Atrium: receives deoxygenated blood from IVC and SVC
2)Tricuspid Valve
3)Right Ventricle
4)Pulmonic valve
5)Pulmonary trunk
6)Pulmonary artery (only artery that carries deoxygenated blood. carries it to the lungs) |
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Term
| Chambers of the heart and blood flow of the left heart |
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Definition
1)Left atrium (receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins from the lungs)
2)Bicuspid valve
3)Left ventricle
4)Aortic valve
5)Ascending aorta
6)Aortic arch (Brings oxygenated blood to the upper body)
7)Thoracic aorta (brings oxygenated blood to the lower body) |
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Term
| How does the heart muscles itself get its own blood supply? |
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Definition
| Coronary arteries and veins |
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Term
| Cerebral blood flow/circulation |
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Definition
| Up superior vena cava, through arteries, than the brain drains the venus blood into sinuses which drain into the jugular vein and back into normal circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain/carotid artier and vertebral arteries send blood into the circle of willis which connects the arteries with the arterial circulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Brings deoxygenated blood back to heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Brings oxygenated blood to the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Carotid (neck), radial and ulnar (wrist), brachial (arm), femoral (groin/inguinal area), popliteal (back of knee) |
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Term
| Major arteries and veins of organs |
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Definition
| Hepatic veins, common hepatic artery, L/R renal arteries and veins, splenic artery, phrenic artery, L/R gastric artery |
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Term
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Definition
| Venus drainage system of posterior chest into superior vena cava |
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Term
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Definition
Oxygenated blood to the liver
1)Portal/hepatic vein carries blood from GI tract, spleen, and pancreas to liver
2)Blood flows to liver sinusoids
3)Nutrients and toxins are processed and removed
4)Liver is drained via hepatic vein
5)Drains into inferior vena cava |
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Term
| External assist to get blood from extremities to heart |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Immunity, identifies and destroys invading viruses and bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| has no pump, relays on muscle contraction and respiration |
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Term
| What attacks invaders of the body |
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Definition
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Term
| Lungs (PARTS, location, function) |
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Definition
Parts:
right lung= 3 lobes
left lung= 2 lobes and a cardiac notch for the heart
Location: mediastinum of the chest
Function: gas exchange |
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Term
| 4 quadrons of the abdomen |
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Definition
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Term
| Stomach (LOCATION, FUNCTION, and parts) |
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Definition
L: ULQ
F: digests proteins, secretes digestive enzymes, stimulates the gallbladder and pancreas
P: Cardia, fundus, body, pylorus |
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Term
| What type of muscles lines the stomach |
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Definition
| It turns from skeletal (esophagus) to smooth muscles) |
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Term
| What is the first organ of the digestive system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Small intestine (PARTS, location, function) |
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Definition
P: duodenum, jejunum, ilium
L: both LQ, connects to the large intestine in the ileocecal junction in RLQ
F: chemical and mechanical digestion and nutrient absorption |
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Term
| Large Intestine (function and parts) |
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Definition
F: absorption of water and minerals
P: cecum (ileocecal valve and appendix), ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum |
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Term
| Liver (FUNCTIONS4, location, parts) |
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Definition
F: 1)store release proteins and lipids
2)manufactures urea
3)manufactures bile
4)detoxifies harmful ingested subsatnces
L: URQ
P:4 lobes, falciform ligament, bile duct |
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Term
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Definition
| drains bile from liver to gallbladder for storage and release. and goes to the duodenum |
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Term
| Gallbladder (FUNCTION, location) |
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Definition
F: storage chamber of bile
L: URQ |
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Term
| Pancreas (LOCATION AND FUNCTION) |
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Definition
L: ULQ (under stomach)
F: 1)secrets enzymes for digestion
2)secretes hormones for glucose metabolism and regulation |
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Term
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Definition
| Major organ of immune system |
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Term
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Definition
P: 1)Kidney
2)Ureters
3)Urinary bladder
4)Urethra |
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Term
| Kidneys (LOCATION and PROTECTION) |
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Definition
L:retroperitoneal area (L&R UQ)
PR: lower ribs |
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Term
| 3 arteries of aortic arch |
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Definition
1)brachiocephalic
2)left common carotid
3)left subclavian |
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