Term
| Comparison of strength + mobility of upper and lower limbs |
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Definition
Upper Limb = more mobile, weaker
Lower Limb = stronger, less mobile |
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Term
| Main functions of lower limb? |
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Definition
| Locomotion & weight bearing |
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Term
| 3 bones which fuse to form the hip bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| Superior-most portion of the hip bone? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior to PIIS at narrowing of iliac blade; inferiorly ileum fuses w/ ischium |
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Term
| Relation of ischium to pubis & ileum |
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Definition
| INFERIOR to ILEUM & POSTERIOR to PUBIS |
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Term
| Lowest part of the hip bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the hip are we sitting on when we sit down? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Defines inferior portion of greater sciatic notch; superior to the lesser sciatic notch & ischial tuberosity |
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Term
| Which hip bones surround the obturator foramen? |
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Definition
| The ISCHIUM and the PUBIS |
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Term
| Where is the obturator foramen not covered by the obturator membrane? |
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Definition
| Superior border of foramen (obturator canal) |
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Term
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Definition
| Inverted horseshoe articular surface; all 3 hip bones contribute to it; socket for head of femur |
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Term
| Components of Sacroiliac Joint |
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Definition
Synovial - auricular surfaces of the ileum (posterior) and sacrum (lateral) articulate; slight movement
Fibrous - above + posterior to synovial; fibers run between tubercle of ileum to sacrum |
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Term
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Definition
| From sacrum to the tubercle of the ischium; superficial and slightly superior compared to sacrospinous ligament |
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Term
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Definition
| From inferior sacrum to the ischial spine; deep and slightly inferior to the sacrotuberous ligament |
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Term
| Functions of the sacrotuberous & sacrospinous ligaments? |
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Definition
- Close off greater & lesser sciatic notches to form greater & lesser sciatic foramina
- Prevent tilting of the pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| 2/3 of a sphere; articulates w/ acetabulum of pelvis |
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Term
| What bones form the bony pelvis? |
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Definition
| The sacrum & two iliac bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Greater & Lesser Trochanter |
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Definition
Greater is superior and more lateral than lesser
Lesser is visible only from the posterior aspect, whereas greater can be seen from either side |
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Term
| Intertrochanteric Line vs. Crest |
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Definition
Line = anterior
Crest = posterior; more prominent |
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Term
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Definition
| On posterior of femur, inferior to the greater trochanter; insertion point for the deep 1/3 of gluteus maximus |
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Term
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Definition
O - linearly from posterior iliac blade, sacroiliac joint & sacrotuberous ligament
I - gluteal tuberosity (deep 1/3), ITB (superficial 2/3)
A - EXTEND and LATERALLY rotate thigh
I - inferior gluteal nerve (L5,S1,S2) |
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Term
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Definition
O - middle of external iliac blade
I - greater trochanter
A - MEDIALLY rotate thigh; ABDUCT thigh
I - superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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Term
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Definition
O - anterior part of external iliac blade
I - greater trochanter
A - MEDIALLY rotate the thigh; ABDUCT thigh
I - superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1) |
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Term
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Definition
O - ASIS
I - IT band
A - tenses the IT band
I - superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1) |
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Term
| Lateral Rotators of the Thigh |
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Definition
Piriformis
Obturator Internus
Gemellus Superior & Inferior
Obturator Externus
Quadratus Femoris |
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Term
| Lateral Rotators of the Thigh |
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Definition
Piriformis
Obturator Internus
Gemellus Superior & Inferior
Obturator Externus
Quadratus Femoris |
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Term
| Which lateral rotators behave as a functional unit? |
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Definition
| The obturator internus and the gemelli (superior & inferior) |
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Term
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Definition
O - inner pelvis & anterior sacrum
I - passes through greater sciatic foramen to insert onto greater tubercle
A - lateral rotation of femur
I - S1, S2 |
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Term
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Definition
O - inside of obturator membrane
I - through lesser sciatic foramen to greater trochanter
A - lateral rotation of femur
I - L4, L5, S1, S2 |
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Term
| Gemellus Superior and Inferior |
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Definition
O - on each side of the obturator foramen (sandwich the OI muscle)
I - greater trochanter
A - lateral rotation of femur
I (Superior) - L4, L5, S1, S2
I (Inferior) - L4, L5, S1 |
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Term
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Definition
O - outside of obturator membrane
I - base of greater trochanter
A - lateral rotation of femur
I - obturator nerve (L2-L4) |
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Term
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Definition
O - ischial tuberosity
I - intertrochanteric crest
A - lateral rotation of femur
I - L4, L5, S1 |
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Term
| Lumbar Plexus (top to bottom w/ nerve roots): |
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Definition
Ilioinguinal (T12, L1)
Iliohypogastric (T12, L1)
Genitofemoral (L1, L2)
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous (L2, L3)
Femoral (L2-L4)
Obturator (L2-L4)
Lumbosacral Trunk (L4-L5) |
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Term
| Sacral Plexus (top to bottom w/ nerve roots) |
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Definition
Superior Gluteal (L4, L5, S1)
Inferior Gluteal (L5, S1, S2)
Sacral Sciatic (S1, S2, S3)
Pudendal (S2, S3, S4) |
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Term
| What two nerves make up the sciatic nerve? |
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Definition
| Lumbosacral Trunk (L4, L5) and Sacral Sciatic (S1, S2, S3) |
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Term
| Innervation from genitofemoral nerve? |
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Definition
| From lumbar plexus (L1, L2); sensory to inner thigh and motor to cremaster muscle |
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Term
| Where do the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric regions innervate? |
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Definition
| The lower abdominal wall; both have T12 and L1 as roots |
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Term
| Passage of superior gluteal artery, vein and nerve vs. inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve in gluteal region... |
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Definition
Superior -> pass through greater sciatic foramen to enter region above piriformis
Inferior -> enter region below piriformis |
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Term
| 2 augmentations of the acetabulum: |
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Definition
Acetabular notch exists inferiorly and is filled by the transverse acetabular ligament
Acetabular labrum is a lip of fibrocartilage surrounding the fossa |
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Term
| Synovial Capsule of the Hip Joint |
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Definition
| Extends from edge of acetabulum to the neck of the femur to encapsulate the head |
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Term
| Fibrous Capsule of the Hip Joint |
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Definition
Iliofemoral Ligament - most important; from AIIS to intertrochanteric line on anterior femur
Pubofemoral Ligament - maintains medial aspect
Ischiofemoral Ligament - maintains posterior aspect |
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Term
| Anastomosis around hip joint receives its branches from... |
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Definition
| Obturator Artery, Superior and Inferior Gluteal Arteries, Medial and Lateral Femoral Circumflex Arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Small artery running from within the acetabulum to the head of the femur |
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Term
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Definition
| Located on medial epicondyle of the femur |
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Term
| What muscles does the superior gluteal artery supply? |
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Definition
| Gluteus medius & minimus, TFL |
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Term
| What muscle does the inferior gluteal artery supply? |
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Definition
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Term
| Shape of articular surface of acetabulum? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most important ligament forming the fibrous capsule around the hip joint? |
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Definition
| Iliofemoral ligament - inverted V-shape from AIIS to itnertrochanteric line |
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Term
| Intercondylar Notch vs. Eminence |
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Definition
Notch = on femur
Eminence = on tibia |
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Term
| Where does the IT band insert onto? |
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Definition
| Gerdy's tubercle -> lateral tibia |
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Term
| Where does the subsartorial canal run from? |
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Definition
| The apex of the femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus |
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Term
| Most medial muscle of the adductors of the thigh? |
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Definition
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Term
| Most superior muscle of the adductors of the thigh? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the obturator artery branch from? |
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Definition
| The internal iliac artery |
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Term
| What are the two branches of the obturator nerve? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many true hamstrings are there? |
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Definition
| 3 - semitendinosus, semimembranosus, long head of biceps femoris |
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Term
| Where are the arcuate and pectineal lines located and what do they separate? |
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Definition
Arcuate line = interior of ileum
Pectineal line = interior of pubis
Above these lines is the FALSE pelvis, below these lines is the TRUE pelvis |
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Term
| Which adductor has the top insertion on the linea aspera? |
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Definition
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