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Anat: Anterior Triangle of the Neck
Exam 2: Lecture 2
49
Anatomy
Graduate
09/04/2013

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Term
superior border of the anterior triangle of the neck
Definition
mandible
Term
posterior border of the anterior triangle of the neck
Definition
SCM M.
Term
midline border of the anterior triangle of the neck
Definition
median plane
Term
inferior border of the anterior triangle of the neck
Definition
sternum
Term
4 subdivisions of the anterior triangle of the neck
Definition

1) submental triangle

2) submandibular triangle

3) carotid triangle

4) muscular triangle

Term
these 2 subdivisional triangles are found in the infrahyoid region
Definition
1) muscular triangle
2) carotid triangle
Term
these 4 M.s are collectively known as the infrahyoid or "strap" M.s
Definition
(SOTS): M.s in group
1) sternohyoid M.
2) omohyoid M.
3) thyrohyoid M.
4) sternothyroid M.
Term
the infrahyoid (strap) M.s are innervated by this N.
Definition
ansa cervicalis N.
Term
M. of the infrahyoid group which runs from sternum (inferiorly) to hyoid bone (superiorly)
Definition
sternohyoid M.
Term
M. of the infrahyoid group which runs from transverse scapular ligament (inferiorly) to hyoid bone (superiorly)
Definition
omohyoid M.
Term
M. of the infrahyoid group which runs from thyroid cartilage (inferiorly) to hyoid bone (superiorly)
Definition
thyrohyoid M.
Term
M. of the infrahyoid group which runs from sternum (inferiorly) to thyroid cartilage (superiorly)
Definition
sternothyroid M.
Term
infrahyoid M.s group: action
Definition
1) *stabilize base of *tongue 2) moves *thyroid cartilage & *hyoid bone to accommodate swallowing and speaking
Term
name the 5 structures located below the floor of the muscular triangle (can be surgically accessed from this region) & give their general function
Definition

1) thyroid gland (endocrine gland)

2) parathyroid glands (endocrine gland)

3) thyroid cartilage (protects larynx)

4) trachea (part of respiratory system)

5) esophagus (part of digestive system)

Term
this *motor N. consists of ventral rami of cervical N.s C1-3
Definition
ansa cervicalis N.
Term
ansa cervicalis N. innervates these 4 M.s
Definition

SOTS-infrahyoid (strap) group: innervation

1) sternohyoid M.

2) omohyoid M.

3) thyrohyoid M.

4) sternothyroid M.

Term
part of ventral rami of ___ curves anteriorly to run with hypoglossal N., then drops off to innervate thyrohyoid M.
Definition
C1
Term
in general, all M.s with ___ in the name are innervated by ansa cervivalis N., EXCEPT for these 2 muscles
Definition
"hyoid"
1) stylohyoid M.
2) mylohyoid M.
Term
Mylohyoid M.: innervation
Definition
N. to mylohyoid (a branch of CN V (trigeminal N.))
Term
Stylohyoid M.: innervation
Definition
CN VII (facial N.)
Term
this N. provides sensory innervation to larynx; is also a branch off of CN X (vagus N.)
Definition
internal laryngeal N.
Term
this N. provides motor innervation to cricothyroid M.; is also a branch off of CN X (vagus N.)
Definition
external laryngeal N.
Term
this N. provides sensory innervation to larynx AND motor innervation to all intrinsic laryngeal M.s except the cricothyroid M.; is also a branch off of CN X (vagus N.)
Definition
recurrent laryngeal N.
Term
N. found in carotid sheath; provides autonomic (parasympathetic) innervation to thoracic organs; also provides sensory AND motor innervation to larynx
Definition
CN X (vagus N.)
Term
N. which provides motor innervation to SCM M. & trapezius M.
Definition
CN XI (spinal accessory N.)
Term
N. which provides motor innervation to 3 of the 4 extrinsic tongue M.s
Definition
CN XII (hypoglossal N.)
Term
this branch off common carotid A. does NOT give off any branches in the neck
Definition
internal carotid A.
Term
list 4 branches of the *external carotid A.
Definition

(SLOF)

1) superior thyroid A.

2) lingual A.

3) facial A.

4) occipital A.

Term
superior thyroid A. branches off of ___
Definition
external carotid A.
Term
inferior thyroid A. branches off of ___ at the ___ trunk
Definition
subclavian A.; thyrocervical
Term
3 structures enclosed in the carotid sheath
Definition
1) internal jugular V.(IJ)
2) common carotid A.
3) CN X (vagus N.)
Term
these 2 subdivisional triangles are found in the suprahyoid region
Definition
1) submandibular triangle
2) submental triangle
Term
M. which runs from mylohyoid line of mandible (superiorly) to hyoid bone (inferiorly)
Definition
mylohyoid M.
Term
mylohyoid M.: innervation
Definition
N. to mylohyoid (branch of CN V (trigeminal N.))
Term
mylohyoid M.: action
Definition

1) elevates a) hyoid bone, b) floor of mouth, & c) tongue during swallowing

2) depressed mandible when hyoid bone is stablized

**this means it can work in opposite directions

Term
anterior belly of this M. is attached to mental spine (genial tubercle) of mandible; posterior belly attaches to mastoid notch of temporal bone; intermediate tendon attaches to hyoid bone
Definition
digastric M.
Term
anterior belly of digastric M.: innervation
Definition
N. to mylohyoid (branch of CN V (trigeminal N.))
Term
posterior belly of digastric M.: innervation
Definition
facial N. (CN VII)
Term
digastric M.: action
Definition
*similar to geniohyoid M.
1) depresses mandible when *hyoid bone is *fixed
2) elevates hyoid bone when *mandible is *fixed during swallowing
Term
this M. lies deep to mylohyoid M.; runs from mental spine (genial tubercle) of mandible to hyoid bone
Definition
geniohyoid M.
Term
geniohyoid M.: innervation
Definition
N. fibers from C1 which in part, hitch a ride on CN XII (hypoglossal N.) to get to geniohyoid M.
Term
geniohyoid M.: action
Definition
*similar to digastric M.'s anterior belly
1) depresses mandible when *hyoid bone is *fixed
2) elevates hyoid bone when *mandible is *fixed during swallowing
Term
stylohyoid M.: action
Definition
elevates & retracts hyoid bone
Term
this M. runs from styloid process of temporal bone to hyoid bone
Definition
stylohyoid M.
Term
submental A. branches from this A.
Definition
facial A.
Term
submental V. branches from this V.
Definition
facial V.
Term
gland which has a major role in salivation
Definition
submandibular gland
Term
submandibular gland: innervation
Definition
autonomic innervation (parasympathetic) from CN VII (facial N.)
Term
submandibular duct drains the submandibular gland by emptying into the mouth lateral to the ____ of the tongue in the ____ oral cavity
Definition
frenulum; lower
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