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Anat 300 - Integumentary System
Integumentary System
79
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/14/2011

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Cards

Term

Components of the

Integumentary System

Definition
Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous
Term

Major Functions of the

Integumentary System

Definition

1. Protects against dehydration

2. Temperature regulation

3. Sensory reception

4. Cutaneous absorption

Term

Immunity of the

Integumentary System

Definition
Resistance to disease provided by the body through specific or non specific immunity.
Term
Epidermis
Definition
The Outer or top layer of skin, which is composed of sublayers called strata.
Term
Dermis
Definition
The inner layer of skin that contains collagen and elastin fibers.
Term
Stratum Corneum
Definition
Outermost layer of the skin
Term
Stratum Basale
Definition
Innermost layer of the epidermis
Term
Melanin, Melanocyte
Definition
Protects the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet radiation.
Term
Keratin, Keratinocyte
Definition
The fibrous protein that protects the skin and makes it waterproof
Term
Cleavage Line
Definition
Pattern of collagen and elastin fiber bundles in the dermis & follows the lines of tension in the skin
Term
Superficial Fascia
Definition
The subcutaneous layer, consisting of loose connective tissue and fat (adipose) tissue, found below the dermis and above muscle and bone
Term
Components of Hair
Definition

Follicles, Root Hair Plexus, Erector Pili

or

Shaft, Root, Bulb

Term
Follicle
Definition
Includes root and connective tissues, hold hair in place
Term
Root Hair Plexus
Definition
Nerve that is stimulated each time the hair is moved
Term
Erector (Arrector) Pili
Definition
Tiny muscles attached to hair follicles and cause the hair to stand on end at times.
Term

Components of

Toenails & Fingernails

Definition

Lunula, Nail Body, Nail Root,

Nail Bed, Nail Matrix

Term
Lunula
Definition
Crescent shaped white area at the base of the nail
Term
Nail Body
Definition
Clear, visible portion of the nail
Term
Sebaceous Gland
Definition
Glands located along the shaft of the hair
Term
Sebum
Definition
Oily substance (secreted from sebaceous glands), prevent dehydration, soften skin & hair, slow growth of bacteria
Term
Acne
Definition
A bacterial inflammation of the sebaceous glands
Term
Sudoriforous Glands
Definition
Sweat glands
Term

Eccrine Glands

Definition
The most numerous type of sweat glands
Term

Apocrine Glands 

Definition
When under stress, these glands produce secretions that are thicker and have a stronger odor than those of the eccrine glands
Term

Cerumen, Ceruminous Glands 

Definition
Modified apocrine glands found in the external ear canal. Secrete sticky substance (cerumen=ear wax) that prevents foreign material from entering the ear & repels insects
Term

Melanin 

Definition
Found in epidermis, makes up most of our skin color
Term

Carotene 

Definition
Yellow pigment found in dermis, naturally gives skin of some individuals a yellow tint.
Term

Hemoglobin 

Definition
Oxygen-carrying red pigment molecule in the blood.
Term

Acne 

Definition
Noncontageous inflammation of the sebaceous glands in the skin
Term

Boils 

Definition
Local staphylococcus infections similar to acne, but are not related to adolescence or liver dysfunction.
Term

Carbuncle 

Definition
A group of interconnected boils
Term

Cellulitis 

Definition
A rapidly spreading, acute bacterial infection of the skin usually found in the lower extremities.
Term

Erysipelas 

Definition
A strepsococcus infection that kills skin cells, leading to painful inflammation of the skin.
Term

Ecthyma 

Definition
A skin infection that is similar to impetigo but more deeply invasive.
Term

Impetigo 

Definition
An acute, highly contageous bacterial skin infection usually found on the face.
Term

Neoplasm 

Definition
Tumor, growth of new tissue.
Term

Angioma 

Definition
A benign tumor composed of blood or lymph vessels.
Term

Lipoma 

Definition
A benign tumor formed of mature fat cells.
Term

Mole / Nevus 

Definition
A benign, pigmented skin growth formed of melanocytes
Term

Sebaceous Cyst 

Definition
A slow-growing, benign tumor caused by the blockage of a sebaceous gland.
Term

Seborrheic Keratosis 

Definition
Slightly raised skin lesion most commonly seen on the chest, back, neck, and face.
Term

Skin Tag 

Definition
Small, soft flesh-colored or pigmented benign growth found on the neck, or in the axillary or groin region.
Term

Callus 

Definition
An area of thickened, hardened skin, like a corn, that develops in an area of friction or a region of recurrent pressure.
Term

Corn 

Definition
A painful, conical thickening of skin over bony prominences of the feet caused by continual pressure and friction or normally thin skin.
Term

Candidiasis 

Definition
An infection of the skin or mucous membranes, most often caused by the organism Candida Albicans
Term

Tinea 

Definition
Ringworm, fungal infection contracted by touching contaminated items or an infected persons skin
Term

Tinea Corporis 

Definition
Appears on non-hairy portions of the skin as fast-growing, reddish, elevated lesions surrounded by a dry and scaly or moist and crusty, raised, ring-like border, which gives it the ringworm appearance.
Term

Tinea Pedis 

Definition
Athlete's Foot; Marked by blisters and cracking of the skin between the toes and on the ball of the foot.
Term

Tinea Cruris 

Definition
Jock Itch; Ringworm in the pubic area
Term

Basal Cell Carcinoma 

Definition
Most common form of skin cancer. Associated with exposure to ultraviolet light.
Term

Squamous Cell Carcinoma 

Definition
Also related to exposure to ultraviolet light. Responsible for one third of all skin cancers.
Term

Malignant Melanoma 

Definition
Least common, and most dangerous of the skin cancers. Not connected directly to sun exposure. Spreads rapidly.
Term

Alopecia 

Definition
Hair loss or baldness on parts or all of the body.
Term

Burns 

Definition
Cells that have been destroyed or inflamed because of heat, chemicals, radiation, or electricity.
Term

First Degree Burn

Definition

Only the epidermis sustains injury.

Redness, mild stinging or pain, mild swelling.

Term

Second Degree Burn

Definition

Epidermis and Dermis are damaged.

Redness, moderate to intense pain & swelling, blisters.

Term

Third Degree Burn

Definition

Epidermis, and entire Dermis are damaged severely or destroyed.

Nerve damage, skin may appear white, black or charred.

Term

Dermatitis / Eczema

Definition
General term for an acute or chronic skin inflammation characterized by redness, eruptions, edema, scaling and itching.
Term

Atopic Dermatitis

Definition

Caused by allergy or hypersensitivity (pollens, cosmetics, foods).

Inflammation, oozing, and crusting, itching

Term

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Definition
Chronic condition that manifests in inflammation, scales, and crusting. (dandruf)
Term

Contact Dertmatitis

Definition
Caused by sensitivity to a substance that damages or irritates the skin such as poison ivy, medication, cosmetics or rubber
Term

Psoriasis 

Definition
Common, chronic skin disease characterized by reddened skin covered by dry, silvery scales.
Term

Rosacea 

Definition
Chronic skin problem in which the small blood vessels of the forehead, cheeks, and nose become dilated.
Term

Conjunctivitis

Definition
Eye inflammation brought on by Rosacea
Term

Scleroderma

Definition
AKA; Systemic Sclerosis. Autoimmune disorder of the connective tissue, characterized by the inflammation and overproduction of collagen
Term

Uticaria

Definition

Hives

Condition of localized skin eruptions in the dermis caused by allergy, exposure to heat or cold, or an emotional reaction

Term

Vitiligo

Definition
Disease marked by loss of skin pigmentation in irregular patches.
Term

Wound 

Definition
An injury to the skin that has not healed and that is vulnerable to infection if exposed to bacteria or other microorganisms
Term

Lice 

Definition

Parasites. 3 Types affect human beings.

Head Lice; Most common type

Term

Scabies 

Definition
Contageous skin disease characterized by intense itching caused by a microscopic, parasitic mite that burrows under the epidermis
Term

Ulcer 

Definition
A round, open sore of the skin or mucous membrane that results from the tissue damage that accompanies inflammation, infection, or malignency
Term

Decubitus Ulcer

Definition
Open sore that develops primarily over the bony areas of the heels and hips of those who are immobile, bedridden or in wheelchairs
Term

Neurotrophic Ulcer

Definition
Develop at pressure point areas on the feet when pain sensation is diminished or absent, as in diabetic neuropathy
Term

Chicken Pox

Definition
Viral infection that causes a blister-like rash on the surface of the skin and mucous membranes
Term

Shingles 

Definition
Chicken pox that has stayed dormant in the body and appeared later in life as a different type of skin eruption
Term

Measles 

Definition
Serious infection that spreads easily from person to person. Caused by measles virus
Term

German Measles / Rubella

Definition

Rubella

Mild viral illness caused by Rubella virus.

Term

Molluscum Contagiosum

Definition
Superficial skin infection that invades the skin causing the appearance of firm, flesh-colored, doughnut-shaped bumps
Term

Warts 

Definition
Benign growth of the keratin-producing cells of the epidermis and mucous membranes that is caused by the human papilloma virus
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